2 aims of biomimetics in tissue engineering

... vivo transfer of such reaggregates, tissue healing is improved in sense of a repair tissue that mimics the features of the original skeletal tissue [1,24] Especially preclinical and clinical cartilage ... References Anderer U, Libera J: In vitro engineering of human autogenous cartilage J Bone Miner Res 2002, 17(8):1420-1429 Hutmacher DW: Scaffolds in tissue engineering bone and cartilage Biomaterials ... cultivation of tissue explants in suspension The cultivated and fabricated tissues may be used for studying the primary mixing of cells, and the patterns of cell differentiation and growth within growing...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 23:22

... applications of PHIs in tissue engineering As reviewed in chapter 1, clinical applications of engineered tissues are currently limited mainly to thin or avascular tissues due to a difficulty in stimulating ... number of obstacles preventing the realization of this goal 1.1.2 Vascularization is a major obstacle in tissue engineering While the field of tissue engineering has come a long way since its original ... for Tissue Engineering Applications 33 3.1 Introduction As explained in chapter 1, inadequate vascularization is a major bottleneck limiting widespread clinical applications of tissue engineering, ...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 11:11

... Chapter 1: Introduction   Chapter 1: Introduction The design of biomaterials is important in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine Since the development of tissue engineering scaffolds, ... and new tissue formation Hence, the properties of the scaffolding materials are crucial in determining the success of many tissue engineering applications The general tissue engineering paradigm ... the desired site and to direct new tissue formation into the scaffolds [14] Some of the successes of Tissue Engineering include: engineering of artificial skin [15] to help burn victims and diabetic...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:10

... multidisciplinary field and involves the integration of engineering principles, basic life sciences, and molecular cell biology The success of tissue engineering shown in Fig 2.5 lies in five key ... degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the National University of Singapore under the supervision of Professor Teoh Swee Hin and Associate Professor Hong Minghui ... growth of the tissue over the scaffold Fig 2.5 Five core technologies (biomaterials, cells, scaffolds, bioreactors, and medical imaging) required for tissue engineering [15] 13 Tissue engineering of...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:36

... limited number of interesting viii Preface and distinctly different tissue engineering applications, will be of interest for the further growth of the exciting field of tissue engineering We also ... state of the art in the field and can serve as paradigms for engineering clinically useful tissues To offer an in- depth approach, each cell type or tissue engineering system is covered by a combination ... sources for tissue engineering of cartilage Chapter (by Henning Madry) discusses the methods of gene transfer, using chondrocytes and cartilage tissue engineering as a specific example of application...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 15:20

... probability of either coin landing heads is thus still 0.5 The probability of both coins falling heads is the product of the probabilities of the single events, since the single events are independent: ... Application of statistics in biology developed in England in the latter half of the nineteenth century The first important application of statistics in the chemical industry also occurred in a factory in ... were registered during World War Two in military industries Since then statistics and probability theory are being applied in all fields of engineering With the development of electronic computers,...

Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2014, 11:22

... 1.2 Tissue- Engineering Scaffolds The main goal of tissue engineering is to produce new tissue where it is needed Therefore, knowledge of the structure and functional limits of the regenerated tissue ... Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers Journal of Engineering in Medicine Part H 212–H, 101–111 Kellomäki, M (1993) Polymerization of lactic acid and property studies M.Sc Thesis (in ... progenitor cells in a derivatized hyaluronan-gelatin composite sponge Tissue Engineering 5, 545–554 45 Doser, M (1999) Criteria for the selection of biomaterials for tissue engineering, in Polymers...

Ngày tải lên: 10/04/2014, 11:11

... probability of either coin landing heads is thus still 0.5 The probability of both coins falling heads is the product of the probabilities of the single events, since the single events are independent: ... 2.1.4 Introduction to Statistics for Engineers Design and Analysis of Experiments 157 Introduction to Design of Experiments (DOE) 157 Preliminary Examination of Subject of Research 166 Defining ... Application of statistics in biology developed in England in the latter half of the nineteenth century The first important application of statistics in the chemical industry also occurred in a factory in...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 00:20

... protein kinase (MAPK) signaling protein, mitogen activated protein kinase kinase (MKK4), in canfosfamide treated cells, as well as the activation of jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), p38 MAP kinase ... cytotoxicity in vitro of a variety of chemotherapeutic agents with different modes of action, including carboplatin, doxorubicin, paclitaxel, and gemcitabine [19] In addition to its favorable preclinical ... and hemoglobin ≥ 9.0 g/dL, total bilirubin < 1.2 mg/dL, creatinine < 1.5 mg/dL or a calculated creatinine clearance of at least 60 mL/min, alanine amino-transferase < times upper limit of normal...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 22:20

... antibody response induced Efficacy of adjuvants in sustaining antibody response induced BALB/c mice in groups of or more were immunized at day 0, 10, 20 with bacterial vaccine in various adjuvants, ... adjuvant potentials of phytol and PHIS-01 in augmenting efficacy of vaccines against the common infectious agents S aureus and E coli Our vaccine formulations contain heat-inactivated bacteria ... Y-I, Iwakura Y, Nakane A: Interleukin-4 and interleukin10 are involved in host resistance to Staphylococcus aureus infection through regulation of gamma interferon Infect Immun 2000, 68(5):2424-2430...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:23

... a bottleneck in tissue engineering 72 4.1 Biomaterials in tissue engineering 73 4.2 Foreign body response 73 4.3 Biocompatibility 76 4.4 Vascularization of biomaterials ... accumulation of collagen in tissues, represents a major global disease burden In the field of tissue engineering, periimplantational fibrosis is a bottleneck that often leads to implant failure In order ... represents a current clinical roadblock in regenerative medicine, which is gaining attention in the tissue engineering field Every implant is surrounded by a fibrotic tissue reaction that depends...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 15:52

... II ENGINEERING TO GENERATE INSULIN-PRODUCING CELLS Engineering Pancreatic Beta-Cells The pancreas is composed of endocrine and exocrine tissues The endocrine pancreas occupies less than 5% of ... Novel insulinoma cell lines produced by iterative engineering of GLUT2, glucokinase, and human insulin expression Diabetes 46, 958–967 Creutzfeldt, W (1974) [Clinical significance of gastrointestinal ... Forty-Three Engineering Pancreatic Beta-Cells Hee-Sook Jun and Ji-Won Yoon I Introduction II Engineering to Generate Insulin-Producing Cells III Engineering to Improve Islet Survival I INTRODUCTION...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 09:21

... corroborated the findings of the original two US cohort studies, which both showed an increase in mortality with an increase in fine PM and sulfate The increase in mortality was mostly related to increased ... of buildings should be thoroughly planned, and designed by taking into consideration the direction of the prevailing winds In this way air pollution can be reduced According to the findings of ... areas of the city especially in the west of the city (Figure 1) In recent years, the number of high-rise buildings is increasing day by day in the valleys stretching towards the south of the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 16:21

... Prospects of micromass culture technology in tissue engineering Head & Face Medicine 2007:4 Springer IN, Fleiner B, Jepsen S, Acil Y: Culture of cells gained from temporomandibular joint cartilage of ... study of arthroscopic and tomographic findings Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1988, 17:128-133 Martin JA, Buckwalter JA: The role of chondrocyte-matrix interactions in maintaining and repairing articular ... established [48] in bone tissue engineering approches Moreover, there are some reports using totipotent embryonic stem cells for tissue engineering of bone [49,50] Another group of cells, which...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 00:20

... 1.4 Bone Tissue Engineering 1.4.1 Limitations in Bone Tissue Engineering 1.5 Importance of Vascularisation 1.5.1 Vascularisation in Bone Tissue Engineering 1.5.2 ... Cues .26 2.6 Bone Tissue Engineering 30 2.6.1 Four-Stage Bone Formation in Bone Tissue Engineering 30 2.6.2 Strategies in Bone Tissue Engineering .32 xi 2.6.2.1 Growth ... imaging tools 1.4.1 Limitations in Bone Tissue Engineering Since the introduction of BTE over the past two decades, there has been an exponential increase in the number of investigations in the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:16

... that restore, maintain or improve tissue function [3] By combining life sciences, engineering principles and innovation, tissue engineering holds enormous potential in confronting the supply crisis ... engineering, tissue engineering is expected to make critical impacts on the patient’s quality of life 9 Scaffold-based tissue engineering The concept of scaffold-based tissue engineering involves ... Scaffold-based tissue engineering Electrospinning and tissue engineering 12 Periosteum and bone healing 16 Chapter Three 19 Electrospinning of PCL and collagen...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:24

... Chapter Isolation and Characterisation Of Vascular Progenitors Figure 4-3: Primary culture of haemopoietic tissue in EGM Following culture in endothelial cell media, outgrowth colonies ... from cord blood (a, b) In contrast, outgrowth colonies from fetal blood (c) were heterogeneous in nature, adopting morphologies ranging from cobblestone, fibroblastic to spindle (d - f) 123 ... Isolation and Characterisation Of Vascular Progenitors (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) Figure 4-4: CFU assay Adherent colonies appeared after ten days of culture, and were stained with crystal violet to...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 08:49

... NANOFABRICATION, ARCHITECTURE CONTROL, AND CROSSLINKING OF COLLAGEN SCAFFOLDS AND THE POTENTIAL IN CORNEAL TISSUE ENGINEERING APPLICATION ZHONG SHAOPING (M.ENG INSTITUTE OF PROCESS ENGINEERING, ... goals in tissue engineering fields 2.2 Scaffold Materials The first issue with regard to tissue engineering is the choice of suitable materials for scaffolding The materials for tissue engineering ... a high-risk investment, more than $3.5 billion has been invested in worldwide research and development in tissue engineering [32, 33] Tissue engineering firms have increased spending at a compound...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 09:33

... Review 2.1 Tissue Engineering Scaffolds By far tissue engineering strategy that involves cell transplantation has shown high potential in treating damaged or malfunctioning organs Because of the ... addressed in tissue engineering is the macroand microstructures of the scaffolds From materials engineering point of view, tissues are considered to be cellular composites representing multiphase ... 2003) The principle of micro-assembling a functional tissue- engineering scaffold resembles the concept of assembling a structure using small building-block units like Lego® First, by using lithography...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 10:20