2 activation of hapten specific t cells

... peripheral Th2 activity in RA patients compared to healthy controls The reduced capacity of Th2 cells to migrate to the arthritic sites could subsequently facilitate the presence of these cells in the ... activity [17,20,21] Together these data suggest that RA patients may benefit from therapies aimed at the regulation of the Th cell balance towards Th2 cell activity It also implies that intrinsic ... defects in the responsiveness of T cells to factors that can support the generation of Th2 cell activity, in peripheral lymphoid tissues and at the inflammatory sites, could cause or contribute towards...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... secreting CD8+ T cells after antigen -specific stimulation These results show clearly that HLA-B27 tetramers have the advantage of detecting antigen -specific T cells independently of their cytokine-secreting ... not bind synovial T cells in this patient (not shown) The specificity of this staining could be confirmed by an increased quantity of tetramer-positive T cells after peptide -specific T cell stimulation ... result, with 0.02% of tetramer binding to CD8+ T cells To confirm the specificity of the T cell response to peptide 133, two further experiments were performed in this patient First, synovial T cells...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:24

... constant, then the intensity of fluorescent staining with MHC/peptide multimers can be used as a measure of the affinity of the TCR for the MHC/peptide Binding of the multimer was shown to be ... [15,16] The term ‘multimer’ is therefore preferred The extent of multimerization that allows for optimal binding to TCR but maintains specificity is unknown Staining T cells with MHC class II/peptide ... virus -specific CD4+ T cells is likely to be much lower than that of virus -specific CD8+ T cells The first use of peptide/MHC class II multimers to detect autoreactive T cells in human autoimmune...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 03:24

... day two p.r.o and before the occurrence of seroconversion At this time, titers of up to 1% of total CD4+ T- cells were detected Such elevated CD4+ T- cell titers have been described during acute ... the early initiation of antiviral therapy at the day of rash onset We conclude that the analysis of VZV -specific CD4+ T- cells might support the rapid diagnosis of primary varicella under certain ... reagents for the urea treatment of VZV lysates for the ex vivo T- cell stimulation HC provided the basic protocols for the analysis of virus -specific T- cells and helped interpreting the FACS data...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:20

... Carlsbad, CA) The PAR2 primers are 5’-CTTAGCCTTCTTGCCAGGTG-3’ and 5’-TCTCTGCACCAATCACAAGC-3’ and the b-actin primers are 5’-TGTTACCAACTGGGACGACA-3’and 5’GGGGTGTTGAAGGTCTCAAA-3’ Amplification was performed ... Th17 cytokine production Thus, the present study suggests that specifically targeting PAR-2 activation of pulmonary mDCs may allow one to limit the development of Th2 responses at mucosal sites ... activation of PAR-2 stimulated the development of DCs from bone marrow progenitor cells [15] Thus it is possible that protease activation of PAR-2 may be important for DC maturation, thus promoting...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:20

... ratios of phospho-cofilin to active cofilin in HIV-1-infected patients, confirming the upregulation of cofilin activity in resting CD4 T cells of HIV-1-infected patients Given the great extent ... extent of cofilin activation and the fact that a majority of resting CD4 T cells in patients are not infected (0.2–16.4 HIV-latently infected cells per 106 resting CD4 T cells [29]), these data imply ... cycles of cofilin phosphorylation and dephosphorylation with the prolonged treatment These data suggest that persistent stimulation with HIV will likely have a lasting impact on the cofilin activity...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... expansion of the CD4+CD28– T- cell compartment in the periphery [10] The association of CD4+CD28– T cells with disease status has given rise to the hypothesis that these cells directly contribute to ... factor of vasculitis manifestations in patients with RA [20] The accumulation of NK-receptors expressing CD4 cells in synovial tissue is compatible with a direct contribution of these cells to the ... cytokines in the absence of a costimulatory pathway CD4+CD28– T cells contribute to the cell infiltrate and exhibit increased survival after apoptotic stimuli Resistance to apoptosis in CD28– T...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... Evidence that the T cell repertoire of normal rats contains cells with the potential to cause diabetes Characterization of the CD4+ T cell subset that inhibits this autoimmune potential J Exp ... death of some T cells [48,49], while others observed that this cytokine protected T cells from apoptosis [50,51] We favor the hypothesis that TGF-β promotes the death of mature Th1 and Th2 cells ... activation of CD4+ CD25+ cells is antigen specific, once these cells are activated they not only suppress T cells stimulated by the same antigen, but they also inhibit T cells stimulated by other...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 03:24

... treated with control IgG These data imply that a substantial proportion of the T- cell compartment is still activated 14 days after intra-articular antigen challenge in the absence of Treg cells ... at the site of inflammation is also an important part of the activity of Treg cells In this regard, data on the curative effects of Treg cells in experimental disease models are conflicting To ... clearly demonstrates that their suppressive effect is not strictly limited to autoreactive T cells Taking into consideration that Treg cells are also critically involved in the control of immune responses...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:22

... fluorescence intensity; that is, the staining intensity of a test mAb minus that of an isotypematched, irrelevant control mAb The threshold for calculating the percentage positive cells was based on the ... In this study we have investigated the role of CCR7 in the recruitment of CD4+ memory T cells into the inflamed joints of patients with JIA, and attempted the functional and anatomical dissection ... ongoing treatment at the time of the study are reported in Tables and For each patient, SF was collected at the time of intra-articular steroid injection Paired serum sample was obtained, with permission,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:22

... Excellence of the University of Toronto and is the recipient of The Arthritis Society/CIHR Investigator Award Dr Fortin is funded by an Investigator Award from The Arthritis Society/CIHR Institute of ... proportion of NKT cells in the family members of lupus patients correlates with the presence of a positive ANA To determine whether the presence of positive ANA status was correlated with any of the ... status This observation, together with the observation that the levels of NKT cells are significantly correlated between genetically related individuals within the same family, suggests that the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:21

... recurrent tonsillitis, negative cultivation test) None of the patients displayed symptoms of acute infection at the time of surgery, and none of them had received any antibiotic treatment for at least ... raises questions regarding the role of TLRs in T cell activation both with and without APCs Thus, further functional studies of the relevance of TLR stimulation on T cells are of great importance ... visualization of proteins, the sections were treated with xylene to remove the paraffin and rehydrated using ethanol To facilitate binding of the Abs, the sections were treated with Target retrieval...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 16:20

... CM9 peptide stimulation and between 0.32-3.94% of CD8 + CD69 + T cells secreted TNF-a after SEB stimulation (data not shown) Next, we tested the ability of the Qdot 655 multimer to detect the Gag ... transmission of HIV/SIV it is most likely important to have HIV- or SIV- specific CD8+ T cells in these locations to have the potential to control the infection at its initial site In two of the three ... the cells bound the FLP Qdot 655 multimer (negative control, Fig 1A) Similar data were obtained with the SIV Tat28-35 SL8 (Tat SL8) -specific T cell clone; more than 98% of cells bound the Tat...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23

... WT-4 C816 ml TL-O u Cd treatment Zn treatment TL-S 1.4 1.2 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 WT-1 C ell V iability R atio (treated / untreated) b) c) 0.8 Cd treatment Zn treatment 0.6 JPX- t Jurka od ILT-H WT-4 ... ml TL-O TL-S u 0.4 0.2 WT-1 C ell V iability R atio (treated / untreated) 1.2 Figure Quantitation of apoptosis and viability in Jurkat and JPX-9 cells treated with ZnCl2 or CdCl2 Quantitation of ... with these drugs relative to that of untreated cells http://www.retrovirology.com/content/1/1/7 extraction buffer and sonicated Protein concentrations were determined using the Bio-Rad protein...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:20

... 5'-CGA AGG GTC TCC GCG GGG TCA CAT-3' TNFRSF1B 5'-GTA GCC TTG CCC GGA TTC TGG-3' 5'-ACC CTG CCC CTG CTC TGC TA-3' TRAF1 5'-GGG GCA TAA ACT TTC CTC TTC C-3' 5'-TTT GGG GTT ATA CAT TGC TCA GTG-3' LGALS3 ... CTLA4 5'-TGC AGC AGT TAG TTC GGG GTT GTT-3' 5'-CTG GCT CTG TTG GGG GCA TTT TC-3' CCR7 5'-TGG CCT GCA GGA AAC ACC-3' 5'-GGG AGA CTT CTT GGC TTG GTG AG-3' RPS9 5'-CGC AGG CGC AGA CGG TGG AAG C-3' ... downregulation of FHIT also contributes to the inactive status of TP53 Based on our data, we suggest that destabilization and thereby inactivation of TP53 provokes a shift in TReg cells from apoptotic sensitivity...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 16:21

... SP cells Unlike thymocyte apoptosis initiated through the intravenous injection of antigen or anti-TCR antibodies, deletion of HEL-reactive thymocytes by endogenous presentation of HEL activates ... cis-acting allelic variation contributing to poor induction of this locus Of interest, the defect is not absolute, with partial upregulation seen for the majority of the negative selection gene set, ... regardless of statistical analysis, along with the Affymetrix target description Additional data lists the assignment of probesets to expression patterns The 'B10' worksheet contains information on the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 17:22

... the actin cytoskeleton in the osteosarcoma cells was not affected by the surface the cells were attached to Hence, the reduction in MT1-MMP and active forms of MMP-2 could not be attributed to ... was attached to or released from plastic, or whether the cells were attached on the top of or inside the fibrillar 3D matrix did not influence the organization of the actin cytoskeleton (data not ... the second step that is an autoactivation of the intermediate 64 kDa form to the fully active 62 kDa enzyme Further, autoactivation of the active 62 kDa form to a C-terminally truncated 45 kDa...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 11:20

... measured to determine the effects of amylin on modulation of CRE-mediated transcriptional activity Results demonstrate that treatment of transfected cells with hA caused increased transactivation activity ... transfection, cells were incubated with 0.2 lm phosphothiorate-modified antisense and sense ATF-2 (antisense: CACATGTAACTT GAATTTCAT and sense: ATGAAATTCAAGTTACAT GTG) using lipofectin reagent ... treatment of transfected cells with inhibitors alone had no effect on luciferase activity (data not shown) To determine whether hA-stimulated activation of ATF-2 activates ATF-2-dependent transcription...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... eliminated this suppression These results suggest a direct interaction of these miRNAs with the predicted target site of the Bim 3¢ UTR (Fig 5B,C, mt) Furthermore, we investigated the effect of expression ... Fig The Bim 3¢ UTR is a target of miR-221 ⁄ 222 (A) Schematic representation of the reporter construct and conservation of the target site of miR-221 ⁄ 222 in the Bim 3¢ UTR in vertebrates The ... (Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Japan) A partial fragment of the 3¢ UTR of rat Bim was amplified by PCR using the primers 5¢-CCTGCCTCTTGAGGTACTGC-3¢ and 5¢-AGCTAGT CGCAAGTTTTA-3¢...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 01:20

... localization of individual signaling proteins, but also to quantitatively investigate protein– protein interactions The recruitment and localization of LAT and LAT-binding proteins to the sites of receptor ... observed to localize to punctate clusters that formed immediately upon contact and were coincident with sites of tight interactions between the Jurkat T cell and the coverslip [48] These punctate clusters ... [17,22,26] These LAT tyrosines are needed for the recruitment of PLC-c1 to LAT, suggesting that the activation of PLC-c1 is crucial for the TCR-mediated stimulation of MAP kinase activity, an effect apparently...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 15:21