2  while and until as modifiers

... of solar radiation, and is also a little more than a thousandth part of the power density we are used to from oil and gas So ineffective is 2.9 kW/ha, that about million of land would have to be ... fuels, such as coal and natural gas That is clearly a statement of method (b) above, and it implies that 17% of the inputs need to be in liquid form However, we should not take corn as being too ... it It is not easy to conceive of the paucity of 2.9 kW/ha Another useful way to look at the matter is to consider that while it is hard to measure the power density of oil and gas, it is clear...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 04:20

... generated each year and quantified as mass of carbon used to build stems, leaves and roots Note that in the large portions of South and East Asia, Western Europe, Middle East, and eastern US, humans ... cattle, million sheep, and million horses now grazing on 324 million of U.S grassland and rangeland (USDA 2004, Mitchell 2000) Already overgrazing is a problem on U.S grasslands and a similar problem ... 10 million kcal of biogas is estimated to be $321, assuming the cost of labor to be $7/h; hence, the biogas has a value of $356 Manure processed for biogas has fewer odors and retains its fertilizer...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 04:20

... used as a basis for disposition because of their introduction of bias The end result is the BFC Stage Sub-activities and boundary demarcations are clearly delineated and justified And the pk and ... start of the 20th century, natural gas was a little-desired byproduct of the petroleum industry and sold for as little as five cents per thousand cubic feet at And all but two had toxic levels when ... liquid, or gaseous biomass or biofuel within a given BFC as equivalent to an energy gain (i.e., those biomass fuel consumptions avoid consuming fossil fuels); and treating cogeneration as equivalent...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 04:20

... increase demand for electrical energy and liquid fuels, both of which associate with increased emissions of carbon dioxide If physical growth and associated demand growth continue, ultimate demand ... U.S crude oil production has declined every year, and in 2005 was 5.2 million barrels per day And, as a result of both declining domestic production and increasing demand, crude oil imported to ... farms has been increasing for years, and efforts to facilitate entry of young people to farming have been increasingly assumed by individual States and by such pro-bono organizations as the Center...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 04:20

... corn and other human foods and livestock feeds, losses of already diminished habitat including tropical rainforests and wildlife, and losses of topsoil and increased stress on water supplies As ... fields (Cleveland 2007) This implies that very small land areas are currently used to supply enormous energy flows In contrast, biomass energy production has densities well below Watt/m2 , while densities ... increased from $50 to over $69 per barrel (EIA 2007) Though these are financial increases as opposed to energy, it suggests the high return oil has been found, and increasing amount of dollars (and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 04:20

... state of S˜ o Paulo, and this area increased by 10% over a the last year (Table 13.1) While 1.2 Mha was planted in north eastern states, this area has not increased appreciably, and the largest proportional ... transitionspastandfuture Cleveland, C., and R Costanza 1984 Net Energy Analysis of Geopressured Gas-Resources in the United States Gulf Coast Region Energy 9:35–51 Cleveland, C., R Costanza, C Hall, and ... requiring both natural gas for fertilizers and pesticides, as well as for electricity to steam the ethanol solution, are essentially turning scarce resources: water, land, and natural gas, into liquid...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 04:20

... rivers As the waste usually contains approximately 1% soluble C and high levels of K, S and N and some P, the results were disastrous Many rivers became eutrophic, there was massive death of fish and ... balance, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions as well as other forms of atmospheric pollution and soil erosion If State and Federal environmental protection agencies become increasing effective and ... Energy costs for farm machinery that was obtained from Breaux and Salassi, (2003) Tractors, harvesters, plows and other equipment was assumed to last about 10 years and are used on 160 hectares per...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 04:20

... import more oil and natural gas to produce ethanol and other biofuels (Pimentel and Patzek, 2005) Furthermore, increasing oil and natural gas imports drives up the price of oil and gas; this is especially ... switchgrass grown as a biomass crop in the Northern Plains and to plan research to reduce production costs and increase biomass yields.” Source: Field Scale Evaluation of Switchgrass Grown as a ... in US gasoline should be banned, not expanded Oil and Gas Journal, September 9, 20–30 Hodge, C (2003) More evidence mounts for banning, not expanding, use of ethanol in gasoline Oil and Gas Journal,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 04:20

... Sept and about 900 mm of annual precipitation Soybean, corn and corn silage are commonly grown in Ontario while switchgrass and other native warm season grasses such as big bluestem and coastal ... such as maize and rye are now commonly harvested for biogas applications High yielding hybrid forage sorghum, sorghum-sudangrass and millet, also hold promise as new candidates for biogas digestion ... Solid and gaseous biofuels could substitute in thermal applications through both heat generation and combined heat and power operations This is a fitting association as both biomass production and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 04:20

... parts as raw material for fuel and pulp production Industrial Crops and Products, 11, 119–128 Passalacqua, F., Zaetta, C., Janssone, R., Pigaht, M., Grassi, G., Pastre, O., Sandovar, A., Vegas, ... sheaths and inflorescences of plants (Lanning and Eleuterius, 1989) Lanning and Eleuterius (1987) working in Kansas prairie stands found switchgrass silica contents to be lowest in stems and higher ... production of warm season grasses and agroforestry for biomass production (Paper presented at Energy, Environment, Agriculture and Industry: The 1st Biomass Conference of the Americas, Golden, CO)...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 04:20

... was 20–40% lower in organic systems and the yield from horticultural crops could be as low as 50% of conventional Grass and forage production was between 0% and 30% lower (Stockdale et al., 2001; ... (e.g ethanol from maize and sugar cane), and annual and perennial crops (e.g grasses and coppiced trees) for combustion and electricity generation This latter option has also been suggested for ... the current tax, and (b) developing the anaerobic digestion of slurries and waste to produce biogas to be compressed as vehicle fuel Residues could be applied to soil and increase soil organic...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 04:20

... biofuel Waste and releases CO2 released per unit of substrate CO2 released per unit of biofuel Industrial wastewater released per unit of biofuel Wood 18 Biofuel Production in Italy and Europe ... S., Raugei M., and Ulgiati S., 2004 Mass flow analysis and mass-based indicators In: Handbook of Ecological Indicators for Assessment of Ecosystem Health CRC Press, 439p Barta, P., and Spencer, ... population increase and the parallel increase of land erosion and degradation are not likely to help solve food shortages and malnutrition Intensive agriculture is undoubtedly increasing soil erosion...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 04:20

... process of HCC invasion and metastasis, including soluble Fas (sFas), soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-II (sTNFR-II), interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) As the knowledge ... sFas, in the one hand, and sTNFRII or IL-2R, in the other hand (p = 0.01 and 0.000, Table Serum levels of sFas, sTNFR-II, sIL-2R and IL-8 in the different study groups Cytokines (pg/ml) sFas ... 2, 3, and Correlation was done between the serum levels of the studied cytokines, liver enzymes and log-HCV titer The liver enzymes, aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), alanine aminotransferase...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:20

... I called Mom as soon as I arrived to let her know that I was ok (Tôi đến nơi Tôi gọi điện cho Mẹ lập tức) Chúng ta sử dụng as soon as để diễn tả hành động mà thực tức sau ... dụng as soon as để diễn tả hành động mà thực tức sau hành động khác tương lai I’ll call you as soon as I get home (Tôi nhà Tôi gọi bạn lập tức.) ...

Ngày tải lên: 02/12/2014, 16:21

Ngày tải lên: 11/07/2015, 09:20

... themselves importance and use such as microwave and satellite uplinks / downlinks As the world developed with the advent of Printed Circuit Boards, and importance placed on mobility and agility, the ... S Leong whose support and advice go beyond the academic subject The many lessons I have learnt while speaking to and discussing with him will I always carry as reminder and inspiration I would ... for his patience and understanding while guiding me Special thanks are also extended to Mr Sing and Mdm Lee of the Microwave laboratory whose help were invaluable in the antennas fabrication,...

Ngày tải lên: 26/09/2015, 10:43

... forwards and approximately 25-30cm apart and to breathe out gently while the measurement was taken Measurements were recorded in centimetres and as two independent measurements on each subject, and ... which secretes hormones such as adiponectin and leptin as well as cytokines and chemokines (Rosen and Spiegelman, 2006; Fantuzzi, 2005; Wellen and Hotamisligil, 2005; Samaras et al., 2010; Guilherme ... healthy human subjects has shown that the intake of prebiotics over a period of two weeks lead to increased plasma GLP-1 and Peptide YY concentrations as well as decreased post prandial glucose concentrations...

Ngày tải lên: 19/11/2015, 16:47

... Review: Hash tables • Hash table (or hash map): array of linked lists for storing and accessing data efficiently • Each element associated with a key (can be an integer, string, or other type) • Hash ... elsewhere (like the C standard library) and makes the code executable Athena is MIT's UNIX-based computing environment OCW does not provide access to it Functions and variables as symbols • Let’s ... GLIBC_2.2.5 (GNU C standard library) • Shared symbol puts not assigned memory until run time Athena is MIT's UNIX-based computing environment OCW does not provide access to it 10 Static and dynamic linkage...

Ngày tải lên: 25/04/2013, 08:07

... from pandan leaf was extracted, identified and quantified by GC-FID, GCMS and used as a standard to identify and quantify 2-AP in aromatic rice and its change during vermicelli processing Based ... collidine mass injected into GCFID was 0.01 µg By this way, 2-AP content of the pandan leaves was quantified (Table 2) Table Peak areas of collidine and 2-AP in pandan leaves recorded by GC-FID and ... like Pandan leaf (Phan Phuoc Hien, 2011) Based on the two methods we studied for extraction and quantitative analysis of 2-AP in the pandan leaf and used it as the standard for qualitative and...

Ngày tải lên: 28/08/2013, 16:28

... Purchasing Conceptual Design.” Scenario The Market Purchasing application demonstrates the conceptual and logical design of an application Based on the use cases presented in the Market Purchasing ... areas that should be diagnosed to position enterprises on the IT landscape are: ! IT Assets Evaluated on the basis of the application portfolio complexity, the complexity of the technology infrastructure, ... template As has been noted, creational and structural design patterns can be used to define an architectural template This section discusses creational and structural design patterns and their...

Ngày tải lên: 19/10/2013, 02:15