10 insufficiently robust revenue distribution systems

... Res (%) LW Com (%) LW Com (%) LW Indust (%) 25 5 10 10 15 10 20 30 0 10 10 15 30 10 20 10 10 10 10 30 35 0 0 30 25 10 40 0 0 0 30 30 20 0 0 0 10 70 respectively, with only voltage dependency ... ⋅V1 N1 I1 = (6 .100 ) ( ) N2 N ⋅ I2 = ⋅ − I S N1 N1 (6 .101 )  N  VS = 1 +  ⋅Vl N1    N  I L = 1 +  ⋅ I S N1   (6 .102 ) VS = a R ⋅VL I L = aR ⋅ IS (6 .103 ) aR = + N2 N1 (6 .104 ) Equations ... most power systems consists of generation facilities feeding bulk power into a high-voltage bulk transmission network, that in turn serves any number of distribution substations A typical distribution...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 16:20

... storage systems can be classified into two groups: energy storage systems (batteries, hybrid compressed air systems, …) and power storage systems (super capacitors, flywheels,…) In stand alone systems ... = C nbat ⋅ ( 100 − SOC m ) / 100 (9) In the same way, the available energy in the storage system, Eavbat, is defined as : Eavbat = C avbat ⋅ Vnbat = Enbat ⋅ ( 100 − SOC m ) / 100 (10) The battery ... SOC ) ⋅ C /100   LPS(t) = ( P ( t) + P ( t) ) ⋅Δt − P ( t) ⋅Δt − ( SOC(t) − SOC ) ⋅ C /100 for 100 %> SOC(t) > SOC  if ( P ( t) + P ( t) ) ⋅Δt ≤ P ( t) ⋅Δt + ( SOC(t) − SOC ) ⋅ C /100  LPS(t)...

Ngày tải lên: 26/06/2014, 23:20

... Underground Heat Distribution Systems, Prefabricated Underground Heating/Cooling Distribution Systems, and Aboveground Heat Distribution Systems The mediums used in these distribution systems, as ... Underground Heat Distribution Systems, Prefabricated Underground Heating/Cooling Distribution Systems, and Aboveground Heat Distribution Systems The mediums used in these distribution systems, as ... CEMP-E TI 810- 32 10 January 2002 CHAPTER ABOVEGROUND HEAT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS 7-1 GENERAL Aboveground distribution systems have the lowest first cost and lowest maintenance costs of any distribution...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 05:20

... 2005.02.07 18:12:50 +08'00' Guide to Electrical Power Distribution Systems Sixth Edition i Tree of Electricity Transmission and Distribution PDL: Primary distribution lines, ✭ indicates location of transformer ... primary distribution from area warehouse to local wholesale vendors; secondary distribution from the vendors to local stores; services from store to consumer Electrical Power Distribution Systems ... typical operating voltages The Transmission and Distribution System Figure 1-2 Typical transmission and distribution system Electrical Power Distribution Systems In the pictorial rendition, note that...

Ngày tải lên: 03/07/2014, 16:09

... Electrical Generation and Distribution Systems and Power Quality Disturbances Edited by Gregorio Romero Rey and Luisa Martinez Muneta Published by InTech Janeza Trdine 9, 5100 0 Rijeka, Croatia Copyright ... and Distribution Systems and Power Quality Disturbances, Edited by Gregorio Romero Rey and Luisa Martinez Muneta p cm ISBN 978-953-307-329-3 Contents Preface IX Part Power Generation and Distribution ... belonging to RCM and solve the technical and economic objectives of the exploitation of distribution systems and systems that use electrical energy Chapter introduces the Distributed Power Generation...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... Enhance Power Quality 49 Buses STATCOM 10 12 15 17 20 21 23 24 29 Q (MVAR) 42.76 -15.65 -11.00 -20 .10 -2.90 -20.83 0.28 4.09 -4.52 Pw (MW) 5.8791 5.8803 6. 0105 6.092 6.2671 6.2934 5.9560 5.8050 ... Condition Without line 1-2 235.610MW (83.14%) 686.1220 Table Power Quality Results based Hybrid Model: IEEE-30Bus: Abnormal Condition 50 Electrical Generation and Distribution Systems and Power Quality ... reliable and safety grid interconnection operation of PV systems [14-15] An inverter being a power 54 Electrical Generation and Distribution Systems and Power Quality Disturbances conditioner of...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... 200 Vacup(V) 100 -100 -200 -300 -400 100 0 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Time(msec) 7000 8000 9000 100 00 100 0 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Time(msec) 7000 8000 9000 100 00 15 10 Iacup(A) -5 -10 -15 Fig 18 ... 200 Vacdown(V) 100 -100 -200 -300 -400 100 0 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Time(msec) 7000 8000 9000 100 00 100 0 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 Time(msec) 7000 8000 9000 100 00 10 Iacdown(A) -5 -10 -15 Fig 19 ... 68 Electrical Generation and Distribution Systems and Power Quality Disturbances No Case FCLV FCMV FCHV FVLC FVMC FVHC Idc (A) 12 12 12 10 21 Vdc (V) 210 240 280 235 240 245 Pdc (W) 2520...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... times Fig 20 Interface for the reliability and nonreliability functions 109 110 Electrical Generation and Distribution Systems and Power Quality Disturbances 7.4 Preventive maintenance planning ... Bucur, D (2 010) Expert system for Maintenance Actions in Transmission and Distribution Networks, In: Proceedings of the 3rd International 112 Electrical Generation and Distribution Systems and ... transmission and distribution networks, In: CIRED Workshop – Lyon, 7-8 June 2 010, Sustainable Distribution Asset Management & Financing., ISSN 2032-9628, Available from http://www.cired2 010- workshop.org/pages/012/title/Home.en.php...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... scatter plot 10 100 100 0 Voltage Magnitude (pu) Total Events: 12 Events Violating CBEMA Low er Curve: Events Violating CBEMA Upper Curve: 146 Electrical Generation and Distribution Systems and ... ac distribution systems In this case, the number of events, which are below the lower limit of the ITIC curve, in Figure 2, is six, giving a SAFRIITIC of six events 1.5 0.5 0.001 0.01 0.1 10 100 ... THD= 4.74% b) 0 10 20 30 Harmonic order 40 50 Fig 18 (a) Three phase grid current waveform (b) Harmonic spectrum of grid current 60 132 Electrical Generation and Distribution Systems and Power...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... values - 140, 120, 110, 90, 80, 70, 50, and 10 Ni = number of customers experiencing short-duration voltage deviations with magnitudes above x% for x >100 or below x% for x 100 or below x% for x 100 or below X% for X

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... practical power system to enhance power system security 100 0 MW 600 MW 2000MW 60% G1 G2 10 Ω 100 0MW 1250 MW 70% 2000 MW 128% Risk o f Black out 1400 MW 10 Ω Overload at line 2-3 5Ω 1600 MW Load 3000MW ... compensation 0.5 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Electrical Angle Fig Active power transit with different compensation types 160 180 212 Electrical Generation and Distribution Systems and Power Quality ... as well as line impedance respectively, shows the power in a sending and 210 Electrical Generation and Distribution Systems and Power Quality Disturbances 2.1 Example of power flow control The...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... reduced via robust controls In voltage control, a feedback controller is augmented with a simple robust error canceller The robust cancellation 254 Electrical Generation and Distribution Systems ... (vi) Injected PWM robust compensation control In (Chai et al, 2 010) , the robust current harmonic cancellation scheme is developed to yield improved line drawn power quality The robust cancellation ... will be a good choice In the 3P1SW SMR presented in (Chai et al, 2 010) , a robust current harmonic cancellation scheme and a robust voltage control scheme are developed The undesired line current...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... With this circuit configuration it is convenient to control the current 300 10 Electrical Generation and Distribution Systems and Power Quality Disturbances Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH Fig Output waveforms ... 302 12 Electrical Generation and Distribution Systems and Power Quality Disturbances Will-be-set-by-IN-TECH (a) Without a capacitor (b) With a capacitor Fig 10 The importance of capacitor placed ... chargers on the power quality of distribution systems, IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery Vol 18(No 3): 975–981 Kisacikoglu,M., Ozpineci, B & Tolbert, L (2 010) Effects of v2g reactive power...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... 102 7.1 7.2 Conclusions 102 Future Work 103 List of References 105 vi List ... (AMPS) has given way to 2G cellular systems (such as GSM, D-AMPS, and IS-95), and nowadays, we have 3G systems (CDMA2000, UMTS), 3.5G systems (HSDPA,EV-DO,EV-DV), B3G systems (Beyond 3G), and wireless ... More advanced wireless systems targeted for even higher spectral efficiency such as Ultrawideband (UWB) systems, and Wi-MAX (IEEE 802.16), as well as Wi-MAN (IEEE 802.20) [1] systems are being actively...

Ngày tải lên: 20/11/2012, 11:36

... Stack P AE AT 10% EXCESS AIR I o 3% AIC 100 150 140 168ºF 120 TR 100 PR 100 TAH 80 Excess Air % 60 100 385ºF PT PE PIC 100 CASC 40 -.Slight Negative 20 -.05 inch of water F-202 10 12 14 O2 in ... be monitored Figure 10. 15 illustrates the basic components of a furnace system 252 OIL SUPPLY FR 100 350ºF P I FIC FC FT 50% I I AT AUTO Pi LT Ti 10 psig TK -100 1 100 TAH 100 385ºF Hi-65 Lo-45 ... furnaces (Figure 10. 7) use a fan to push fresh air to burners for combustion Forced draft is used in Air Air Figure 10. 6 Natural-Draft Furnace Figure 10. 7 Forced-Draft Furnace 243 Chapter 10 ● Furnaces...

Ngày tải lên: 21/08/2013, 10:47

... wheel 28204 512 512 149 108 108 1474560 100 Jan Oct Nov Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec Dec 11 25 4 4 14 19 14:17 15:26 17:23 14:18 12:36 12:36 12:36 17:03 15:24 %backup%˜ 2.1.0-9 5100 5-SNAP Mail Makefile ... FreeBSD (filesys.mm), page 185 185 Chapter 10: File systems and devices The permissions are allowed where the corresponding bit is 0: rwxrwxrwx 000 0100 10 rwxr-xr-x Possible permissions umask resultant ... means of sharing file systems across a network We’ll look at it in Chapter 25 • FreeBSD supports a number of file systems from other popular operating systems You mount the file systems with the mount...

Ngày tải lên: 22/10/2013, 19:15

... Equipment: Part Equipment: Part 355 Figure 10. 29 Psychrometric chart for Fig 10. 28, without heat recovery Figure 10. 30 Psychrometric chart for Fig 10. 28, with heat recovery Downloaded from Digital ... They should be evaluated as a developing technology 10. 7 Boiler Feedwater and Water Treatment Systems Hot water boilers require very simple makeup systems The hot water is used in a closed circuit, ... much as 15 to 20 percent of steam capacity Some industrial plant systems are designed for 100 percent makeup In small boiler systems, condensate is returned by gravity to a receiver and then...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2013, 15:15

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 12:15

... properties COP 4 710: Database Systems (Day 10) Page Mark Llewellyn Relationship Between Normal Forms N1NF 1NF 2NF 3NF BCNF 4NF 5NF Higher Normal Forms COP 4 710: Database Systems (Day 10) Page Mark ... decomposition technique to achieve relation schemas in that normal form COP 4 710: Database Systems (Day 10) Page 10 Mark Llewellyn Non-First Normal Form (N1NF) • Non-first normal form relation ... model created a separate table for the multivalued attribute (See Day 6, Pages 8 -10) COP 4 710: Database Systems (Day 10) Page 12 Mark Llewellyn Some Additional Terminology • A key is a superkey with...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 18:20

... 1 .100 cA 71.457 aA 76.267 bA 83.550 cA 9.507 aA 10. 500 bA 13.775 cA 0.058 aA 0.058 aA 0.087 bA 0.703 aB 0.953 aB 0.668 aB 1.423 aA 1.481 aA 1.425 aA 67. 210 aA 78.000 bA 82.250 bA 9.820 aA 10. 480 ... Past ZT CT Past ZT CT Past ZT CT Past ZT CT Past ZT CT Past 5 10 10᎐15 15᎐20 3.87 bA 2.70 cA 6.60 aA 17.67 aA 21.50 aA 13.25 bA 5 .10 aA 5.77 bA 5.98 bA 7.35 aA 8.53 aA 7.59 aA 1.16 aA 1.49 aA ... and distribution in depth of arsenic, copper, iron, lead and manganese Žmgrkg a Element Treatment Depth Žcm 0᎐5 As ZT CT Past ZT CT Past ZT CT Past ZT CT Past ZT CT Past Pb Cu Fe Mn 5 10 10᎐15...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:22