... located inthe introns of STAT4 and in LD with each other In contrast, significant association was not detected for SNPs inthe STAT1 region (P > 0.05) To confirm the association detected inthe ... Pe represents therisk genotype frequency inthe population and RR represents relative riskoftherisk genotype [23] Given the low prevalence of SLE, Pe can be estimated based on the genotype ... role inthe pathogenesis of SLE A possible role of SNPs inthe STAT1-STAT4 region other than the haplotype tagged by rs7574865T has recently been excluded in Caucasians [10] However, in view of...
... haplotype containing all ofthe three SLE risk alleles, but not ofthe other haplotypes All of these results support the possibility that the possession of both the 3’UTR and intronic risk alleles ... between the two (Table and Figure 1) In agreement with these findings, when only the patients and controls carrying therisk genotypes ofthe 3’ UTR SNP were analyzed, possession of both ofthe intronic ... 5.68), which also contained the 3’UTR risk allele but not both ofthe intronic SNPs, were not associated These results suggest that the combination ofthe intronic and 3’UTR risk alleles may be...
... Program for the Training of University Professors ofthe Spanish Ministry of Education AG was supported by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Spain) References Our results were similar to the UK study ... involving differences in disease phenotype, in lifestyle, and in environmental and genetic factors Conclusion There was no detectable effect of variation inthe number of D residues in ASPN in ... susceptibility in Spanish Caucasians This result reinforces the overall lack of association reported in other studiesin Caucasians The association between variation inthe number of D residues...
... enrolled at the Center of Physical Examination All individuals included inthe study were Han Chinese living in and around Nanjing None dropped out during the study In addition, a population of 750 ... Aliabadi P, Niu J, Felson DT: Lower prevalence of chondrocalcinosis in Chinese subjects in Beijing than in white subjects inthe United States: the Beijing Osteoarthritis Study Arthritis Rheum 2006, ... ratios of 2.1 and 1.5 in our study TXNDC3 Frequencies ofthe susceptible T allele of rs4720262 were different between Chinese (9.7% in control individuals) and Japanese (14.2% in control individuals),...
... to the Medical School of Nanjing University, China The controls had no symptoms or histories of CDH All subjects included inthe study were of Han Chinese origin living in and around Nanjing ... out during the process ofthe study The study was approved by the ethical committee ofthe participating institutions, and informed consent was obtained from patients and controls The ages of patients ... compare the GDF5 genotype with the allele distributions inthe case-control study The differences inthe clinical information between the genotypes were tested using the Mann-Whitney test, the Kruskal-Wallis...
... to the interpretation of results and the writing ofthe manuscript CB contributed to the design ofthe study, to the collection ofthe data, to statistical analysis and to the writing ofthe ... information regarding occupation and the branch of industry during the period ofthe stated exposure to mineral oils The industrial hygienist was blinded with regard to the disease status ofthe individuals ... with an increased risk for RF+ RA and anti-CP+ RA in man Further exploration of this finding may be of interest in elucidating whether other types of adjuvants, such as microbial agents and other...
... amplification ofthe SNP site was carried out using the MassExtend primer and involved the use of specific d/ddNTP termination mixes, which were also determined using MassARRAY assay design software The ... assisted in genotyping some ofthe control individuals SH aided in recruitment and clinical phenotyping of PsA patients PR and DG conceived the study, participated in its design and coordination, ... Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests Authors' contributions CB carried out molecular genetic studies, participated in study design, and drafted the initial...
... scattering ofthe data inthe non-24CAs group was similar to that inthe 24CAs group This indicated that the functional behavior ofthe samples included inthe non24CAs group, in spite ofthe inclusion ... replications of a single individual to estimate the variation inherent inthe assay, but it is likely that a significant amount ofthe scattering inthe data is produced by interindividual variations in ... panels) of stimulation with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 PE, phycoerythrin To assess the influence ofthe microsatellite inthe kinetics of surface expression ofthe CD154 protein, PBMCs from both groups of...
... according to their genotype The transmission ratio under the null hypothesis of no association within these parents will differ from a 50/50 ratio reflecting the different risk levels of both ... observed protective effect of MICA-250A in our data As there are many links between the innate and adaptive immune systems and involvement of pathogens inthe initiation of RA is discussed (reviewed ... 2) In combined analysis of both French family cohorts, association of MICA-250 was comparable with the association inthe first French family cohort in standard analysis and in analysis of the...
... occurred inthe terminal web ofthe epithelial cell and inthe lateral junctions ofthe cells The localization of CSF1R in actin-rich areas ofthe cell is not surprising in view of data from in vitro ... epithelium ofthe terminal ileum with cytoplasmic staining ofthe terminal web and lateral junctions ofthe epithelial cells (green arrow) B Staining ofthe superficial epithelium ofthe colon C Staining ... deletions inthe CSF1R gene [25-27] There is a paucity of literature regarding the expression ofthe CSF1R protein inthe intestine despite documentation of its presence inthe epithelium of a variety...
... dens invaginatus into: • Type I: an enamel-lined invagination within the crown and not extending beyond the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) • Type II: the enamel invagination into the root, beyond the ... where there was uncertainty inthe diagnosis of AP or CP were not included in this study The investigated dental anomalies included dens invaginatus, dens evaginatus, congenitally missing and ... investigated inthe present study including dens invaginatus, dens evaginatus, pegshaped lateral incisors and congenitally missing lateral incisors Interestingly, the dental anomalies investigated in this...
... early diagnosis of CD [12]; in fact among the atypical aspects of CD (extra-intestinals), inthe international literature has been reported some affections interesting the oral cavity, the most common ... enamel defects Indeed, a wide range of frequencies of enamel defects in CD patients has been reported in other studies [17,43-48]; our data are in agreement with other studies performed in Italy (Table ... part ofthe diagnostic process In conclusion, our data from central Italy confirming the higher prevalence of RAS or aphthous-like ulcers in patients with CD validate the hypothesis of their...
... were relatives ofthe cases This was dictated by the fact that the current study is a part of a larger project studying the effect of genes and environment on theriskof OA inthe Icelandic population ... chance these founders were farmers Taking into account the strong inheritance ofthe farming profession, this might lead to an enrichment of genes associated with OA amongst the farmers of today ... relatives to the cases, thus coming from the same genetic pool Furthermore, we explored the inheritance of different professions within the cohort Materials and methods The study was approved by the Ethics...
... affiliated to the Medical School of Nanjing University All subjects studied inthe study were Chinese Han living in and around Nanjing No subjects dropped out during the process ofthe study The study ... DDH It may influence the susceptibility of DDH via TGF-b signaling Table Association ofthe D-repeat of ASPN in patients with DDH in a Han Chinese population Groups compared D14 vs Others OR P-value ... mechanisms, defected soft tissues around hip joint and delayed skeletal development ofthe hip joint On the other hand, the D13 allele had a significant weaker inhibition on TGF-b signaling, so it exhibited...
... three of these five studies a statistically significant increase inthe length of stay inthe ICU was reported for the cases with A baumannii infection [14,17,21], whereas inthe remaining two studies ... In addition, the site of infection, the numbers of cases and controls, the methodology for the matching of controls to cases, and clinical outcomes of interest were extracted Outcomes The main ... found inthe length of stay inthe ICU between cases and controls Data on the length of stay of cases and controls inthe ICU was reported in all five studies that examined the effect of acquisition...
... The existing studies mentioned above with huge amount of information emphasize the needs and the importance of studying the re-using method We want to look into the details ofthe impact ofthe ... contribution of individual i given by the following: (5) with yi being the binary indicator taking the value one if individual i is a case in study B The weight ωi is calculated as the inverse ofthe ... estimate In practice, locating this pair of points involves an approximation using the approx function in R The added benefit of expressing the number of prior subjects in terms ofthe number of newly...
... used in this study, as in clinical trials,7–10 to evaluate the equivalence ofthe two case-control studiesin assessing theriskof cancer deaths due to smoking We first defined a range of equivalence ... http://www.medsci.org Int J Med Sci 2009, for rural male spouses indicating the relative risk analyses will not exaggerate the hazard of tobacco The third issue involves the validity of smoking data obtained ... uncertain ofthe age when smoking began A validity study in Shanghai was conducted where the surviving spouse was the informant and both husband and wife had reported their smoking habits in the...
... volunteered their time The funding bodies played no role ofthe design, collection, analysis, or interpretation of data, inthe writing ofthe manuscript, or inthe decision to submit the manuscript ... of breast-feeding [45] Similarly, the 28% increase associated with a 20 pack-year smoking history is consistent with other studies [46] indicating a general validity ofthe approach and findings ... Changing trends in technology and manufacturing are a further source of misclassification, possibly playing a role in some sectors like food manufacturing and dry cleaning Inthe case ofthe food...
... cancer risk. 10 Many substances shown to induce breast cancer in experimental mammals exist in high concentrations in occupational settings.11 In spite ofthe continuing increase inthe incidence of ... underestimate the actual risks.58 Another limitation ofthe LOHR study was the small sample size, which necessitated the grouping of occupational categories thereby increasing theriskof misclassification ... outside the home Inthe final step ofthe model all the occupations interacted with age, but only four occupations remained within the model (agriculture, retail, and the interactions of agriculture...
... have only been included in a small number ofthe selected studies [22] The aim ofthe present study was to assess the time interval between the onset of symptoms and the initiation of treatment ... cohort of 2365 HIV-infected individuals, 629 initiated treatment for TB during the period of study Of these, 274 had the pulmonary form ofthe disease and constituted the study population Of these, ... presence of constitutional symptoms also explain the findings of these authors The present study considers that in order to reduce the delay in starting TB treatment in individuals living with...