β induced increase in level of reactive oxygen species in microglial cells

... Cytokine bead array assay Sinomenine inhibits amyloid-b -induced increase in level of reactive oxygen species in microglial cells BV2 cells were treated under different conditions, and the levels of ... concentrations of sinomenine before addition of ADDL ADDL significantly increased the level of ROS in BV2 cells However, pretreatment with sinomenine inhibited ADDL -induced increase in ROS level (n = in ... of BV2 cells with ADDL led to a significant increase in the level of NO However, sinomenine reduced NO level (Figure 2) Thus, sinomenine inhibits ADDL -induced enhancement of NO level in BV2 cells...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... mode of actions of TS, we examined the effect of TS on LPS/IFNinduced NO production in VSMC We found that TS activated LPS/IFN -induced NO production in VSMC through enhancement of iNOS protein ... induce apoptosis in various cell lines [8–15,29], the inhibitory effect of TS on the cell growth at higher concentrations might prevent the increase in the enhancing effect of TS on LPS/IFN -induced ... to the cells, and then the cell suspension was sonicated in a bath-type sonicator for 5min The amount of protein of the solubilized cells was determined with a bicinchoninic acid protein assay...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 04:20

... combination of tighter binding of cadmium than zinc in metallothioneins and the preference of zinc in the more flexible b-domain In addition to the already described differences in flexibility of ... metallothioneins This points to an hitherto unknown mechanism or compound(s) being involved in this interaction in living cells and information about this additional factor is needed in order to ... Characterization of the metallothioneins induced in HeLa cells by dexamethasone and zinc Eur J Biochem 107, 395–401 Bremner, I & Young, B.W (1976) Isolation of (copper, zinc) thioneins from the livers of copper-injected...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 15:20

... by anti-IFN-c Ig, of LPS -induced NO production in murine PEC but not in the RAW264.7 murine macrophage cell line Cells of murine PEC and of the RAW264.7 murine macrophage cell line were cultured ... production of NO in macrophages stimulated with LPS, via activation of NF-jB and its binding to region in the promoter of the iNOS gene [11,12] In the present study, LPS -induced NO production in the ... to clarify the role of IFN-c in LPS -induced NO production and revealed the important role of IFN-c as a key mediator in the main pathway for LPS -induced NO production in murine peritoneal cell...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... previously to induce an increase in the level of [Ca2+]i and a correlated calpain activation [28] This increase in [Ca2+]i is more intense in aorta than in brain Under these conditions, in brain, no ... brain and aorta The level of HSP90 and the type of NOS isoform present in rat brain and aorta were determined by immunoblotting (Fig 1) In brain, nNOS was the most preferentially expressed isoform, ... higher than in aorta, resulting in a much higher HSP90 to NOS ratio in brain (Fig 1C) A Calpain activation in rat brain and aorta following HSD treatment To promote in vivo calpain activation,...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 04:20

... induction of iNOS was determined in cells cultured for 24 hr in serum free or in defined medium N2 (Figure 2D) There was a detectable iNOS induction in both serum free- and defined medium-cultured cells, ... TNFα in the presence A: absence blots detecting iNOS in total NGF in A: Western blots detecting iNOS in total protein extracts from PC12 cells treated for 24 hr with increasing concentrations of ... forebrain cholinergic neurons [57] and direct TNFα administration in the brain of mice results in an impairment of basal forebrain cholinergic function [58] However, whether induction of iNOS and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... the inflammatory cells in the pathogenesis of EAE, as does iNOS in EAE [45] However, our study did not support the finding of EAE in iNOS knockout mice in which both nNOS and eNOS were not increased ... iNOS may be involved in the process of apoptosis [40] In conclusion, our results showed that the three isoforms of NOS including nNOS, eNOS, and iNOS were increased in the initiation of EAE and ... expression of both nNOS and eNOS in the spinal cords of rats with EAE, small amounts of iNOS were identified in the normal spinal cords but its expression slightly increased in the spinal cord of 5CFAtreated...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:22

... and inducible (iNOS) isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in the ovaries of pigs The intensity of staining is indicated by (-), where staining was absent, up to (+++), for maximal staining ... immunostaining was detected in granulosa or theca cells In the later stages, including Graafian follicles, immunostaining for three isoforms of NOS was detected in the granulosa and theca cells ... expression of iNOS in porcine ovaries is well known, our findings contrast in part with the previous report [12] In the present study, iNOS was mainly localized to the oocytes of unilaminar and...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 18:21

... reduce MMP-13 mRNA in murine chondrocytes in monolayer culture under stimulation with IL 1β [28] MMP-13 expression is increased in tissue that is in need of repair or remodelling, as in OA MMP-13 was ... synthesis by interleukin-1 Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1994, 200:142-148 47 Järvinen TAH, Moilanen T, Järvinen TLN, Moilanen E: Nitric oxide mediates interleukin-1 induced inhibition of glycosaminoglycan ... and incubated in the presence of the biotin-conjugated secondary antibody for 45 minutes at room temperature followed by the addition of the avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex for 45 minutes All incubations...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 14:20

... decrease in iNOS expression in cytosol after inflammatory stimulation, inhibiting superoxide generation and resulting in prevention of tissue injury in patients with chronic airway diseases, including ... LPS -induced iNOS expression in murine macrophages and hepatocytes [36,37] The protein kinase C (PKC) pathway is also reported to be involved in LPS -induced iNOS expression, and activation of PKC isoforms, ... expression of iNOS and COX-2 in BV2 murine microglial cells: possible involvement of reactive oxygen species, p38 MAPK, and IKK/NF-kappaB Neurosci Lett 2009, 464:93-97 36 Pang L, Hoult JR: Repression of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 03:20

... decrease in iNOS expression in cytosol after inflammatory stimulation, inhibiting superoxide generation and resulting in prevention of tissue injury in patients with chronic airway diseases, including ... LPS -induced iNOS expression in murine macrophages and hepatocytes [36,37] The protein kinase C (PKC) pathway is also reported to be involved in LPS -induced iNOS expression, and activation of PKC isoforms, ... expression of iNOS and COX-2 in BV2 murine microglial cells: possible involvement of reactive oxygen species, p38 MAPK, and IKK/NF-kappaB Neurosci Lett 2009, 464:93-97 36 Pang L, Hoult JR: Repression of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 06:22

... for increased endogenous NO synthesis, suggesting that overproduction of NO may be important in the pathogenesis of RA The in amed joint in RA is the predominant source of NO [45,46] Several investigators ... ζ chain in SLE T cells [64], which may explain the enhanced T-cell-activation -induced Ca2+ fluxing The potential role of NO in the regulation of FcR gamma expression clearly needs further investigation ... the increased NO production of lupus monocytes [31] NO regulates mammalian target of rapamycin activity and TCRζ expression in SLE The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a serine/ threonine...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 14:22

... experiment using the selective iNOS inhibitor ONO1714, which lowered ENO levels in both groups ONO1714 reduced the OVAinduced increase in cough reflex sensitivity only in sensitized guinea pigs, ... performed the iNOS inhibition experiment using NOS inhibitors, in non-sensitized guinea pigs with normal cough reflex sensitivity and in OVA-sensitized guinea pigs which were of increased cough ... [29] These findings indicate that cNOS inhibition seems to be detrimental, and iNOS inhibition is a possible target of novel therapeutic agents in bronchial asthma Disappointingly, Singh [30] reported...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 10:20

... protein expression of nNOS was increased at any of the evaluated time points, both eNOS and iNOS protein expressions started to increase early after the injury Albeit the changes in mRNA of eNOS ... expressed by circulating cells, such as neutrophils [28,29] Consequently, an injury-related increase in inflammatory cells may account for increased protein expression of constitutive NOS in the current ... hemodynamics, oxygenation and shunting The ovine model of ALI and sepsis induced by smoke inhalation and instillation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa into the lungs has been previously described in detail...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 21:20

... puncture (CLP) -induced septic shock model Induction of sepsis is intrinsically more challenging than inducing endotoxemia since the immune challenge is episodic in nature Some of the guidelines for ... Effect of flurbiprofen or nitroflurbiprofen on NF-κB activation in the liver of rats at h after LPS injection Figure 6-7 Effect of flurbiprofen or nitroflurbiprofen on the proteolytic activity of ... showing the presence of iNOS (~130kDa) in LPS rats pre-treated with flurbiprofen or nitroflurbiprofen Figure 6-3b Quantitation of liver (shown in Figure 6-3a) iNOS Figure 6-4 Effect of flurbiprofen...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 14:16

... was no change in creatinine levels in sham-operated animals (261.66 75.14 mol/L) when compared with normal rats However, a marked increase in plasma creatinine level was found in salinetreated prolong ... in maintaining mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and increasing the survivability of the shocked animals NOS inhibitors have been shown to be able to maintain a high MABP, after shock was induced, ... production of PGs On the other hand, COX-2 is an inducible isoform that is induced by cytokines, mitogens, and endotoxins in inflammatory cells and is responsible for the elevated production of PG during...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 15:54

... levels of rat brain in different groups of rats 37 Figure 3.5 GOT levels of rat brain in different groups of rats 38 Figure 3.6 Nitrate/nitrite content of rat brain in different groups of rats ... and eosin stain of Kidneys 62 Figure 4.4.2 Hemotoxylin and eosin stain of Lungs 63 Figure 4.4.3 Hemotoxylin and eosin stain of Livers 64 Figure 4.4.4 Hemotoxylin and eosin stain of Cerebral cortex ... Shirhan Md Mercaptoethylguandine inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 expressions induced in rats following fluid-percussion brain injury Journal of Trauma 59(2), 2005...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 15:54

... would ordinarily function to terminate or suppress expression of TGF β One way to assess healing is to measure the strength of an incisional wound TGF -β increases the breaking strength in incisional ... Cadexomer iodine dressing composed of starch lattice into which 0.9% w/v iodine is trapped, is highly absorptive facilitating autolytic debridement while slow release of iodine maintains levels in the ... Continuous advances made in the study of the wound microenvironment, an everbroadening understanding of the pathophysiology of wounds, and improved techniques in monitoring the response of healing...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:19

... no increase in the phosphorylated JNKs protein level in the cell line Twenty-four-hour exposure to hypoxia resulted in a Int J Med Sci 2007, 42 marked increase (1.8-fold of control) in the level ... other hand, the protein expression of caspase 3, PTEN, and JNK1 in JAR cells exhibited a 4.96-fold increase, 1.92-fold increase, and in the level of phosphorylated JNK 1&2 for JAR cells with Bag-1 ... of protein changes for the experimental sample to control detected by using the Odyssey Infrared Imaging System (+) means an increase of signal intensity, and (-) means a decrease of signal intensity...

Ngày tải lên: 31/10/2012, 15:12

... factor (ATF4) and of CCAAT ⁄ enhancer-binding protein homologous protein (CHOP) proteins downstream of eIF2a were observed (Fig 4A), indicating the initiation of ER stress -induced apoptosis Oleate ... mitochondrial fraction following stearate administration (Fig 3B) The presence of oleate inhibited this translocation, indicating the involvement of Bax activation in stearate -induced mitochondrial ... proposed to be involved in SFA -induced lipotoxicity [8,13,16,23] As shown in Fig 4A, increased phosphorylation of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2a (eIF2a) was Saturated fatty acid-induced...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 22:20