α ketoacid dehydrogenase in mitochondria of human cells

... given – inherent and inalienable Against this stance, I have intimated that human rights is a ‘system of persuasion’, a ‘kind of rhetoric’, an ‘expression of the will to power – even to domination ... according to law Everyone charged with a criminal offence has the following minimum rights: a to be informed promptly, in a language which he understands and in detail, of the nature and cause of ... for the protection of the reputation or rights of others, for preventing the disclosure of information received in confidence, or for maintaining the authority and impartiality of the judiciary...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 10:20

... bovine serum-induced phosphorylation of ERK1 ⁄ in starved cells, but enhances ERK phosphorylation in normally growing U397 cells This supplementary material can be found in the online version of ... Suppressor of cytokine signalling-1 gene silencing in acute myeloid leukaemia and human haematopoietic cell lines Br J Haematol 126, 726–735 Downward J (2003) Targeting RAS signalling pathways in cancer ... several of the components in the apoptosis signalling cascade [22,23] In our resistant cells, we detected increased phosphorylation of signalling proteins in both the PI3kinase and MEK ⁄ ERK pathways,...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... retroviral vectors (that enables infection of a wide variety of cells) have revealed differences in the efficiency of single round infection in cells of differing types and species [11,12] Therefore, ... range is considered linear where increase in moi yields a corresponding increase in the number of cells infected and the geometric means of fluorescence (a measure of multiple infections) are also ... 105 length of infection (hours) Parental 42-7 cell line Figure of Kinetics proviral DNA synthesis in wild-type and 30-2 cells Kinetics of proviral DNA synthesis in wild-type and 30-2 cells Parental...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22

... affect mainly the initial folding and stability of the tetramer, and similarly lowered levels of tetramer in human cells would account for the observed elevation of indicator acyl-carnitine levels ... procedure proving very effective in securing a pure protein product The results of kinetic analysis are displayed as Michaelis–Menten plots in Fig 3A The Km, Vmax (as determined by the Direct Linear ... to the purified protein (assuming no major change in the extinction coefficient of the bound cofactor in the case of the mutants) [15] The peak absorbance ratios showed first of all that the wild-type...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 02:21

... changes in the proteins rather than changes in protein– protein interaction A combination of several methods seems therefore important for the demonstration of GPCR oligomerization The D2 dopamine ... F-68Ò The cells were maintained at a density of 0.5–2.5 · 106 cells mL)1 and passaged every 2–3 days For infections, cells were seeded at a density of 0.3–0.6 · 106 cells mL)1 and infected when ... (HEK293 cells) A 2-h incubation was performed at room temperature on a rotating wheel before washing the cells twice with incubation buffer and resuspending the final pellet in 50 lL of incubation...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 00:20

... density of 1.5 · 104 cells cm)2 Infection was carried out 24 h later by incubating the cells for h in the presence of the transfection reagent Lipofectamine Plus combined with adenoviruses containing ... amount of the membrane protein prohibitin, a marker of the mitochondria inner membrane, was found to remain constant also in cells expressing the highest amounts of hUCP3 thus indicating that ... digitonin treatment in order to permeabilize the plasma membrane This was performed by incubating L6 cells at a concentration of · 106 cells mL)1 into NaCl/Pi containing 50 lM digitonin on ice for Cells...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 15:20

... cell apoptosis by maintaining mitochondrial integrity and function [43], and ricin-induced apoptosis of U937 cells by maintaining an intracellular reducing condition by acting as a thiol supplier ... factor) binds to the Jun domain, and that the binding is dependent on the amount of glucocorticoid [13] In addition, this binding results in exhibition of anti -in ammatory effects through inactivation ... during incubation; at h incubation inhibition was 52% However, mM alloprinol did not in uence DNA fragmentation (Fig 3D) Fig Expression of Mn- and Cu/Zn-SOD proteins during in vitro incubation of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 07:20

... human insulinoma cell line CM J Endocrinol 161, 59–68 Stadheim TA, Saluta GR & Kucera GL (2000) Role of c-Jun N-terminal kinase ⁄ p38 stress signaling in 1-b-darabinofuranosylcytosine-induced ... sites in the promoter regions of target genes, including those of c-jun Inhibition of p38 kinase by SB203580, which decreases ATF-2 phosphorylation, could suppress induction of CRE binding and ... of p-p38 kinase had increased Augmented phosphorylation of ATF-2 was also detected in RINm5F cells after hA treatment (data not shown) However, no increment in p-ATF-2 level was detected in cells...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... number of sequence-independent artefacts, most of which are attributable to their ability to bind a number of heparin-binding proteins [28] In our search for allele-speci®c inhibitors based on singlenucleotide ... RNase H in the extracts Roughly 10% of the input RNA remains uncut In both cases, the range from 0.5 to lL extract is not yet saturating, indicating a similar level of activity in both cells Perhaps ... vast amounts of active enzyme Reviews discussing PS-ODN-mediated inhibition of gene expression warn against erroneous interpretation of results caused by the protein-binding capacity of PS-ODNs...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 10:20

... Chtchetinin et al Basolateral sorting of Cx43 in MDCK cells individual cell lines are shown) For comparison, limited signal was detected in uninfected control cells (Fig 3D), and cells infected ... 6G) Data from two individual cell lines are shown To determine the effect of substitution of a sequence containing the internalization signal of the transferrin receptor in place of PGYKLV(284289), ... Chtchetinin et al functions [710] So far, there have been limited studies examining the expression of Cx43 in polarized cells, and there is little information regarding characterization of the involved...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:20

... the PMA-induced transcription of lysosomal acid lipase and acid sphingomyelinase in THP-1 cells In this study, we show that Sp1 is involved in PMA-induced expression of DNase II in HL-60 cells ... activator, of the DNase II promoter (Fig 6) In HL-60 cells, PMA treatment also resulted in increased levels of Sp3 protein, the greatest increase being seen in the levels of the 110 kDa protein (Fig ... and PMA-mediated induction of DNase II transcription These sites bind Sp1 and Sp3, and protein levels and binding of Sp1 and Sp3 are increased in PMAtreated cells These findings indicate that Sp1...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:21

... clustered in the vicinity of the Inr might serve in transcription initiation (Fig 1) Analysis of the 1.5-kb 5¢ flanking region, attempting to get further insight into the possible regulation of PP17 ... blue staining Bands of interest were excised from the gel, reduced, alkylated and in- gel digested with trypsin as described previously [23] Proteins were identified by a combination of MALDI-TOF MS ... FEBS 2003 PP17b in apoptosis and differentiation of HeLa cells (Eur J Biochem 270) 1177 role in intracellular lipid metabolism rather than in secretory protein sorting, taking into account that...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 21:20

... apolipoprotein A-I apolipoprotein A-II apolipoprotein B apolipoprotein C-I apolipoprotein C-II apolipoprotein D apolipoprotein E apolipoprotein F apolipoprotein H fatty acid binding protein 1, liver ... those in primary human hepatocytes Expression of liver-selective transcription factors, such as HNFs, CCAAT ⁄ enhancer-binding proteins and GATA-binding proteins, is essential for the induction of ... 43 °C Finally, the chip was rinsed in 0.05· SSC before drying by low-speed centrifugation For staining, the chip was immersed in an NaCl ⁄ Pi solution containing 10 lgÆmL)1 of streptavidin ⁄ R-phycoerythrin...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 04:20

... medium containing 1% heat-inactivated autologous serum, 1000 U/ml recombinant human GM-CSF, 500 U/ml recombinant human IL-4, and 10 ng/ml recombinant TNF -α (Becton Dickinson) [30] On day of culture, ... cells producing TGF-β resulted in the induction of Treg in vivo and in vitro in a murine model [52] Moreover, the blockade of TGF-β reduces Treg induction by the fusion cell vaccine and enhances ... assay Methods Cell lines K562 cells (American Type Culture Collection) were maintained in DMEM medium Colorectal carcinoma cell lines (COLP-2 and COLM-6) were maintained in TIL Media I medium...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... human ES cells We induced differentiation of human ES cells in an in vitro two-dimensional culture on OP9 stromal cell line and examined the expression of VEGF-R2, VE-cadherin and TRA-1 during the ... purposes) Journal of Translational Medicine 2008, 6:54 cells, the number (cells/ mm2/mouse) of single stranded DNA (ss-DNA)+ cells in one field in the ischemic core from each mouse in the saline- or hES-ECs+MCs-injected ... VE-cadherin (+) cells VE-cadherin (-) aSMA (+) cells hES -ECs hES -ECs+MCs aSMA (+) cells hES -MCs Figure cells differentiated from human of the vascular Schematic representation of preparationES cellstransplanted...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... detected in adult cells The expression of miR-520b was 26-fold greater in hES cells then in EB cells (P < 0.05) and it was detected only in two types of adult cells HMVEC and HUVEC Differences in the ... expression in embryonic stem cells suggest they are involved in maintaining "stemness" Identifying mRNAs that are directly targeted by a specific miRNA is a major obstacle in understanding the miRNA ... These included 38 miRNA upregulated in hES cells, 31 upregulated in EB cells, and 35 upregulated in adult cells (Figure 2) The 20 miRNAs most highly expressed in hES cells, EB, and adult cells...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 15:20

... The measured level of the negative strand in the cells remained stable Since the number of cells and the percentage of cells that are infected don't change during the culturing of the virus, the ... Figure In vitro propagation of HCV in cultured cells In vitro propagation of HCV in cultured cells Morphology of neuronal precursor cells infected with HCV (A) T (telencephalon, suspension cells ... mechanisms of pathologies induced in human hosts Declaration of Competing Interests All intellectual rights are reserved by the California Institute of Molecular Medicine (CIMM), and all aspects of this...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... overlay of A and B, demonstrating the presence of the GFP containing chTCR cassette in all cells but lentiviruses have the capability to integrate into the genomes of non-replicating cells Whilst ... to involve phosphorylation of tyrosine residues in its cytoplasmic domain The cytoplasmic tail of CD28 is very short (~40 amino acids) and has only four tyrosines, only one of which (tyrosine ... the TCR complex results in a cascade of events commencing with phosphorylation of critical domains of the receptor by membrane-associated Src family of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) such as LCK...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... 3.31 IL-1β 15 30 μM COX-1 α- actin Ratio ATRA COX-1 α- actin Ratio b ATRA μM COX-2 α- actin 24 h COX-2 α- actin c 60 3.60 90 COX-2 IL-1β 24 3.79 h 4.36 COX-2 α- actin α- actin Ratio d 1.08 C 2.24 ATRA ... concentrations of ATRA or incubated with 10 μM ATRA for the indicated times (c) For comparison, expression of COX-2 protein was also analyzed in cells incubated with the inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 ... mesangial cells indicate that RARs are involved in ATRA-induced COX-2 expression in cells cultured from rats [24] but not in cells Page of (page number not for citation purposes) Journal of Neuroinflammation...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... degenerated disc cells, the structure and function of the degenerated cells changed remarkably Alini et al[11] observed an increase and maintain in density of bovine NP cells and synthesis Page of 11 (page ... proliferation of the seed cells In summary, the results demonstrate the effectiveness of TGF-β1 and IGF-1 in stimulating cell proliferation and maintaining morphology of human NP cells There exist ... examination[16] An[17] reported that the intradiscal administration of osteogenic protein-1 by injection in vivo resulted in an increased disc height present at 2, 4, and weeks and an increase in...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 00:20