CLEFT SENTENCES Câu chẻ CẤU TRÚC CHUNG NHẤT It + is / was + THÀNH PHẦN ĐƯỢC NHẤN MẠNH + that + THÀNH PHẦN CÒN LẠI CỦA CÂU CẤU TRÚC CỤ THỂ Câu chẻ được dùng để nhấn mạnh một thành phần củ[r]
Mrs Nhien.E11.TD UNIT RELATIONSHIPS GRAMMAR A PHẦN I LINKING VERBS MỘT SỐ LINKING VERBS/ STATES VERBS QUEN THUỘC TRONG TIẾNG ANH Khi nhìn thấy gái xinh đẹp, dùng câu nói để khen cô nhỉ? Chắc hẳn vài bạn có câu trả lời “She is so beautiful.” Good! Đó câu trả lời nghe nhàm chán khơng nào, ta khơng thay đổi chút xíu cách nói “She looks so beautiful” Vậy từ ‘look’ câu vừa có phải động từ ‘nhìn’ khơng nào, câu trả lời chưa xác mà phải ‘trơng có vẻ’ nhé, linking verb với chức giống động từ ‘to be’ thường theo sau nouns/ pronouns/ adjectives Chúng ta tìm hiểu xem tiếng Anh có linking verb ***LƯU Ý LINKING VERB + nouns/ pronouns/ adjectives KHÔNG CHIA THI TIẾP DIỄN ĐỐI VỚI ĐỘNG TỪ LIÊN KẾT LINKING VERBS/ STATES VERBS - be (am/is/are/was/were): I am hungry./ She is a model - seem (dường như): She seems nervous - appear (hóa ra, xem ra): She didn't appear at all surprised at the news - come/become (trở nên, trở thành): My dream finally came true./ He’s become a new star after the contest - grow (trở nên): She grows prettier every day - look (trơng có vẻ): The pie looked delicious - smell ( có mùi) The flower smelled sweet -sound ( nghe có vẻ): The idea sounds interesting - taste (có vị): The pie tasted delicious - feel (cảm thấy): I felt so wonderful - remain (vẫn): He remains the kind man he always was - stay (vẫn): The room stayed cool two hours after the air conditioner was turned off - prove (tỏ ra): The test proved too difficult for most students in the class By Mr Huy Thạch ***LƯU Ý Một số động từ có nghĩa: Action verbs Linking verbs (cái quan trọng nhé) Các động từ sau có nghĩa, dạng action verbs state verbs Với ý nghĩa action verb động từ dùng dạng tiếp diễn Tùy trường hợp cụ thể sử dụng ý nghĩa khác Một số trường hợp list dây (dòng mang nghĩa State verb, dòng thứ Action verb) have có, sở hữu (state verb): Mr VAC has a car ( Anh VAC có xe (đồ chơi)) dùng, làm (thường kèm cụm – action verb): I am having dinner with my old friend (tôi dùng bữa tối với bạn cũ tôi) think nghĩ rằng, cho rằng: I think that Quyet Lexus is the most handsome boy (Tôi cho Quyết Lê Sớt bạn trai đẹp trai nhất) nghĩ đó, suy tính chuyện đó: Mr VAC is thinking about the plan for the next school year (Anh VAC “toan tính” cho năm học sau) look trơng như, theo sau tính từ (adj): Johly Luc looks cute (Trơng Lực cu-te phết) nhìn ý nghĩa khác với giới từ khác nhau, theo sau trạng từ (adv) để bổ nghĩa: She is looking at me angrily (Cô ta nhìn tơi đầy tức giận) smell có mùi, theo sau adj: These socks smells awful ( Những tất có mùi tởm mất) ngửi đó, theo sau adv: Sy is smelling his socks (Sỹ đang………những tất anh ấy) taste có vị, theo sau adj : This fish tastes delicious (Món ngon mất) nếm đó, theo sau adv: He is tasting his wife’s eel soup (Anh nếm cháo lươn vợ anh ấy) weigh có cân nặng là: This baby weighs kg (đứa trẻ nặng kg) cân : The mother is weighing her baby (Người mẹ cân đứa trẻ :P) measure có độ dài : This table measures 90 cm (cái bàn có độ dài 90 cm) đo kích cỡ, kích thước: The man is measuring the window ( Người đàn ông đo cửa sổ) B PHẦN II CLEFT SENTENCES (Câu chẻ) CẤU TRÚC CHUNG NHẤT It + is / was + THÀNH PHẦN ĐƯỢC NHẤN MẠNH + that + THÀNH PHẦN CÒN LẠI CỦA CÂU CẤU TRÚC CỤ THỂ Câu chẻ dùng để nhấn mạnh thành phần câu chủ từ, túc từ hay trạng từ Nhấn mạnh chủ từ (Subject focus) a It + is / was + Noun / pronoun (người) + who/that + V + O … Ex: My brother collected these foreign stamps → It was my brother who collected these foreign stamps (Chính anh tơi người sưu tầm tem nước này) b It + is / was + Noun (vật) + that + V + O … Ex: Her absence at the party made me sad → It was her absence at the party that made me sad (Chính vắng mặt cô buổi tiệc làm buồn) Nhấn mạnh túc từ (Object focus) a It + is / was + Noun / pronoun (người) + who(m) + S + V… Ex: I met Daisy on the way to school → It was Daisy who(m) I met on the way to school (Chính Daisy người tơi gặp đường học) Note: Khi nhấn mạnh túc từ ta dùng who thay cho whom nhấn mạnh chủ từ khơng dùng whom thay cho who b It + is / was + Noun (vật) + that + S + V … Ex: My brother bought an old motorbike from our neighbor → It was an old motorbike that my brother bought from our neighbor (Chính xe máy cũ anh tơi mua từ người hàng xóm) Nhấn mạnh trạng từ (Adverbial focus) It + is / was + Adverbial phrase + that + S + V … Ex: - We first met in December → It was in December that we first met (Chính tháng mười hai gặp lần đầu tiên) - I was born in this village → It was in this village that I was born (Chính ngơi làng nơi sinh ra) Câu chẻ bị động (Cleft sentences in the passive) a It + is / was + Noun / pronoun (person) + who + be + P.P… Ex: Fans gave that singer a lot of flowers → It was that singer who was given a lot of flowers (Chính người ca sĩ tặng nhiều hoa) b It + is / was + Noun (thing) + that + be + P.P… Ex: People talk about this film → It is this film that is talked about (Chính phim nói đến) - Fans gave that singer a lot of flowers → It was a lot of flowers that were given to that singer (Chính nhiều hoa tặng cho người ca sĩ) VOCABULARY EXERCISES Bài tập 1: Matching a romantic relationship to listen to someone with patience and sympathy b lend an ear kind to people who are hurt or sad; showing that you understand and c sympathetic care about their problems d argument a relationship based on love and emotional attraction e break up (with someone) to end a relationship, a company, etc f be reconciled (with become friends again after conflicts or arguments someone) a conversation or discussion in which people disagree, often angrily Bài tập 2: Fill in each blank with the correct form of the word in the bracket 1.My teacher is very caring and…………………………………… (SYMPHATHY) 2.She had an argument with one of her close friend, but she's managed to be…………………………………….with her.(RECONCILIATION) 3.When you have a romantic relationship, you're having a relationship based on love and…………………………………… attraction.(EMOTION) 4.I thought my friend…………………………………….my trust when she told others my secret.(BETRAY) 5.My parents always worry that I am in a…………………………………….with Nam, my close friend (RELATION) 6.My best friend and I had an…………………………………….because she had revealed my secret.(ARGUE) 7.My parents and teachers are always telling me that I have to…………………………………….on my study (CONCENTRATION) Bài tập 3: STRESS 1.argument concentrate single relationship 2.reconcile betray counsellor concentrate 3.emotional relationship betray argument 4.concentrate counsellor sympathetic argument 5.emotional romantic opposite relationship 6.counsellor emotional opposite single 7.achievement appearance community confidence 8.contribution engage initiative oppose 9.permission persuade potential tension 10.reaction psychologist matchmaking oppose 11.enthusiastic confidence tension matchmaking Bài tập 4: Fill in the blanks with correct words (NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS) In my class, the girls are…………………………………….with all the boys, except me 2.We need to get our parents' …………………………………….to take part in the English Speaking Contest in Da Nang next month 3.They will select…………………………………….matches and help the two people meet face to face 4.He was not willing to talk to a…………………………………… 5.Does the counselor agree with Ha's…………………………………….? 6.The…………………………………….between Minh and his parents is because they always judge his friends by their appearances 7.My grandmother thinks friendship between a boy and a girl will turn into……………………… 8.Should parents strongly…………………………………….their children's romantic relationships? Bài tập 5: PRONUNCIATION 1.achievement appearance 2.confidence achievement 3.potential psychologist 4.initiative confidence 5.reaction achievement A PHẦN I LINKING VERBS enthusiastic engage oppose enthusiastic matchmaking initiative permission contribution tension enthusiastic Bài tập 6: Put the verbs in the right column Remain,sound,become,seem,run,taste,dance,grow,are,laugh,jump,feel,climb,smell Action Verbs Linking verbs Both Bài tập 7: Complete the sentences using the given words a Become, sounds, felt, looks She ………………………… so beautiful in that white dress 2.A: What about going to the Italian restaurant? B: That …………………… great! 3.She wants to ……………………….a fashion designer like Victoria Beckham in the future 4.I ……………………painful in my stomach after eating that cake b appears, grow, seemed, getting 1.It ……………………………interesting that he didn't like anything except that bowl 2.Teenagers like to make their own choice when they ……………… older 3.Turn on the fan It is ……………….hotter and hotter 4.That Super Junior ………………… suddenly at the end of concert makes its fans overjoyed Bài tập 8:Decide whether the bold part in each of the following sentences is an “action verb” or a “linking verb” 1.July is smelling the flowers her boyfriend has given to her 2.My mother appeared exhausted after a hard day working on the paddy field 3.Jane looks more beautiful when tying her hair 4.Maria's grandmother used to look after her carefully when she was small 5.He wants to become an inspiring teacher after graduating from his university 6.The worldwide economic situation is getting worse and worse 7.If you want to stay healthy, you should follow the doctor's advice 8.She is going to stay at a friend's house in Ha Long Bay for days 9.When my daughter grows older, she will understand what I for her 10.My aunt tasted this soup carefully Bài tập 9: Choose the suitable word to complete each sentence 1.What's the matter with you? You look happy/happily today 2.He appears very excited/excitedly when looking at her 3.I taste the soup very careful/carefully Don't worry! 4.John appeared sudden/suddenly behind us and said hello to us 5.He is shouting at his friend He sounds very angry/angrily 6.A: Why you smell the milk? B: Because it smells terrible/terribly You should throw it away 7.This plan grows quickly/quick if it absorbs enough water 8.He kept talking and his friends seemed annoyedly/annoyed 9.The doctor checked my legs carefully/careful to see if there were any injuries 10.She is looking for the colored pens serious/seriously because she needs them now Bài tập 10: Choose the best answer to complete the sentences 1.Can you help me? I (look) for my pen now A look B am looking C looked 2.The sky (grow) brighter after the heavy rain A is growing B grows C grow 3.At present, I (remain) _ calm A remain B remained C is remaining 4.To decide the winner of the competition, the examiners (taste) candidates' dishes now A taste B tasted C are tasting 5.What's the matter with Mary? She (seem) upset A seem B seems C is seeming 6.Listen! Her story (sound) _ interesting A sounds B is sounding C sound 7.She (stay) at one of her penpal friends' houses when she visits Vietnam A is staying B stays C stayed 8.The room (get) _ quiet when teachers entered A gets B got C is getting 9.The situation (remain) _ unchanged in the past 20 years A remains B remained C has remained 10.John (be) _ impolite today A is B was C is being Bài tập 11: Find NINE mistakes in the use of linking verbs in this text (1) Maria and I stayed ready for the party on Sunday morning (2) Suddenly, Maria smelt extremely tired and herface stayed pale (3) I sounded so scared that I did not know what to but took her to the nearby clinic (4) Thedoctor said that her health condition was remaining worse and worse and asked me what she had eaten t henight before (5) Maria ate the soup I bought at the restaurant but both of us had no idea that in that soup, therewas a lot of sh rimp powder to which she became allergically (6) After one-hour treatment, her health conditiongets stable (7) Now I taste relieved as she looks like better B PHẦN II CLEFT SENTENCES (Câu chẻ) Bài tập 12: Match parts of the sentences to make correct ones a 1.It is her sad story a.that makes me cry 2.It was Peter b.who she broke up with 3.It was in the Italian restaurant c.that she had a date with Jim b 1.It was speaking skill a.that attracts me a lot 2.It is her small dog b.that she found the most difficult in learning English 3.It is at o'clock c.that there is weather news Bài tập 13: Complete the following sentences using the given phrases a the man, the lovely cat, on the way to school, ,on the schoolyard, after I left my house 1.It was ……………… that my younger sister wanted to buy 2.It was ……………… that I realized that family had played an integral role in my life 3.It was ……………… who was arrested by the police two days ago 4.It is ……………… that I meet my English teacher 5.It is ……………… that we play football very happily b my close friends, on weekends , the strong storm , my mom, the letter 1.It was ……………… that blew out some roofs of houses in the village 2.It was ……………… that I received from my mother last week 3.It is ……………… that we often have picnics 4.It is ……………… who always stand by me when I get into some trouble 5.It is ……………… who takes responsibility for cooking in my family Bài tập 14: Choose the underlined part that is incorrect in the following sentences That was Jim who went to hospital last month 2.It was in Paris that I first meet my wife 3.It is in 2010 that my life turned over a new leaf It was on New Year's Eve who Mary broke up with her boyfriend 5.It was her brother who dropped out of his university and setted up his business Bài tập 15: Choose the correct sentence that is written using the underlined part and cleft sentence with “It” 1.He spent his summer vacation in Da Lat A It is in Da Lat that he spent his summer vacation B It was in Da Lat that he spent his summer vacation C It is in Da Lat that he spends his summer vacation D It was in Da Lat where he spends his summer vacation 2.Candidates all over the world took part in the competition with great enthusiasm A It is great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition B It was great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition C It was with great enthusiasm that candidates all over the world took part in the competition D It is with great enthusiasm which candidates all over the world take part the competition 3.He gains impressive achievements at the age of 20 A It is at the age of 20 that he gains impressive achievements B It was at the age of 20 that he gains impressive achievements C It is at the age of 20 that he gained impressive achievements D It was at the age of 20 that he gained impressive achievements 4.Mary made a great contribution to her husband's success A It is Mary who made a great contribution to her husband's success B It was Mary who makes a great contribution to her husband's success C It was Mary who made a great contribution for her husband's success D It was Mary who made a great contribution to her husband's success 5.Most parents are willing to lend their ear to their children A They are their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear to B It is their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear to C They are their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear D It is their children that most parents are willing to lend their ear Bài tập 16: Rewrite each sentence with the word in brackets to emphasize the underlined part 1.We had a wonderful party in the garden (that) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 2.Mary is very depressed about the result of the examination (who) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 3.The boys play football in the schoolyard every afternoon (that) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 4.The poor girl won first prize in the singing competition (that) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 5.My friend gave me a present at my birthday party (that) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 6.We really enjoy doing volunteer work (that) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7.Hung is in the romantic relationship with Mai (who) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 8.He bought two houses on Nguyen Trai Street at the age of 25 (that) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 9.Students usually ask teachers a lot of interesting questions (who) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 10.My mom is making some cakes for our dinner (that) ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… Bài tập 17: Reorder the words to make complete sentences 1.It/he/his/that/changed/father's/a/after/was/death/lot./himself 2.going/to/am/I/the/Tokyo/that/in/It/is/holiday./spend/ 3.USA/2008/got/It/the/married./in/settled/down/he/was/that/in/and/ 4.that/It/mom/was/their/gave/on/wedding/anniversary/dad/diamond/ring./my/my/a/ 5.some/It/in/boyfriend/me/took/beautiful/photos/my/was/who/for/Japan./ ... achievements at the age of 20 A It is at the age of 20 that he gains impressive achievements B It was at the age of 20 that he gains impressive achievements C It is at the age of 20 that he gained impressive... better B PHẦN II CLEFT SENTENCES (Câu chẻ) Bài tập 12: Match parts of the sentences to make correct ones a 1.It is her sad story a.that makes me cry 2. It was Peter b.who she broke up with 3.It was... the following sentences That was Jim who went to hospital last month 2. It was in Paris that I first meet my wife 3.It is in 20 10 that my life turned over a new leaf It was on New Year''s Eve who