autocad 2016 a problem solving approach basic and intermediate 2nd edition pdf

www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com AutoCAD 2016 A Problem-Solving Approach, Basic and Intermediate (22nd Edition) CADCIM Technologies 525 St Andrews Drive Schererville, IN 46375, USA (www.cadcim.com) Contributing Author Sham Tickoo Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering Technology Purdue University Calumet Hammond, Indiana, USA AutoCAD 2016: A Problem-Solving Approach, Basic and Intermediate Sham Tickoo www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com CADCIM Technologies 525 St Andrews Drive Schererville, Indiana 46375, USA www.cadcim.com Copyright © 2015 by CADCIM Technologies, USA All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976 No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in the database or retrieval system without the prior permission of CADCIM Technologies ISBN 978-1-942689-00-3 NOTICE TO THE READER Publisher does not warrant or guarantee any of the products described in the text or perform any independent analysis in connection with any of the product information contained in the text Publisher does not assume, and expressly disclaims,any obligation to obtain and include information other than that provided to it by the manufacturer The reader is expressly warned to consider and adopt all safety precautions that might be indicated by the activities herein and to avoid all potential hazards By following the instructions contained herein, the reader willingly assumes all risks in connection with such instructions The Publisher makes no representation or warranties of any kind, including but not limited to, the warranties of fitness for particular purpose or merchantability, nor are any such representations implied with respect to the material set forth herein, and the publisher takes no responsibility with respect to such material The publisher shall not be liable for any special, consequential, or exemplary damages resulting, in whole or part, from the reader’s use of, or reliance upon, this material www.cadcim.com CADCIM Technologies www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com DEDICATION To teachers, who make it possible to disseminate knowledge to enlighten the young and curious minds of our future generations To students, who are dedicated to learning new technologies and making the world a better place to live in SPECIAL RECOGNITION A special thanks to Mr Denis Cadu and the ADN team of Autodesk Inc for their valuable support and professional guidance to procure the software for writing this textbook THANKS To the faculty and students of the MET department of Purdue University Calumet for their cooperation To employees of CADCIM Technologies for their valuable help Online Training Program Offered by CADCIM Technologies CADCIM Technologies provides effective and affordable virtual online training on various software packages including Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing (CAD/CAM), computer programming languages, animation, architecture, and GIS The training is delivered ‘live’ via Internet at any time, any place, and at any pace to individuals as well as the students of colleges, universities, and CAD/CAM training centers The main features of this program are: www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Training for Students and Companies in a Classroom Setting Highly experienced instructors and qualified engineers at CADCIM Technologies conduct the classes under the guidance of Prof Sham Tickoo of Purdue University Calumet, USA This team has authored several textbooks that are rated “one of the best” in their categories and are used in various colleges, universities, and training centers in North America, Europe, and in other parts of the world Training for Individuals CADCIM Technologies with its cost effective and time saving initiative strives to deliver the training in the comfort of your home or work place, thereby relieving you from the hassles of traveling to training centers Training Offered on Software Packages CADCIM provides basic and advanced training on the following software packages: CAD/CAM/CAE: CATIA, Pro/ENGINEER Wildfire, PTC Creo Parametric, Creo Direct, SOLIDWORKS, Autodesk Inventor, Solid Edge, NX, AutoCAD, AutoCAD LT, AutoCAD Plant 3D, Customizing AutoCAD, EdgeCAM, and ANSYS Architecture and GIS: Autodesk Revit Architecture, AutoCAD Civil 3D, Autodesk Revit Structure, AutoCAD Map 3D, Revit MEP, Navisworks, Primavera, and Bentley STAAD Pro Animation and Styling: Autodesk 3ds Max, Autodesk 3ds Max Design, Autodesk Maya, Autodesk Alias, The Foundry NukeX, MAXON CINEMA 4D, Adobe Flash, and Adobe Premiere Computer Programming: C++, VB.NET, Oracle, AJAX, and Java For more information, please visit the following link: http://www.cadcim.com Note If you are a faculty member, you can register by clicking on the following link to access the teaching resources: http://www.cadcim.com/Registration.aspx The student resources are available at http://www.cadcim.com We also provide Live Virtual Online Training on various software packages For more information, write us at sales@cadcim.com www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Dedication Preface Chapter 1: Introduction to AutoCAD AutoCAD Screen Components Start Tab Drawing Area Command Window Navigation Bar ViewCube In-canvas Viewport Controls Status Bar Invoking Tools in AutoCAD Keyboard Ribbon Application Menu Tool Palettes Menu Bar Toolbar Shortcut Menu File Tabs AutoCAD Dialog Boxes Starting a New Drawing Open a Drawing Start from Scratch Use a Template Use a Wizard Saving Your Work Save Drawing As Dialog Box Automatic Timed Save Creating Backup Files Changing Automatic Timed Saved and Backup Files into AutoCAD Format Using the Drawing Recovery Manager to Recover Files Closing a Drawing www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Opening an Existing Drawing Opening an Existing Drawing Using the Select File Dialog Box Opening an Existing Drawing Using the Startup Dialog Box Opening an Existing Drawing Using the Drag and Drop Method Quitting AutoCAD Creating and Managing Workspaces Creating a New Workspace Modifying the Workspace Settings AutoCAD Help Autodesk Cloud Autodesk Exchange Apps Design Feed BIM 360 Additional Help Resources Self-Evaluation Test Review Questions Chapter 2: Getting Started with AutoCAD Dynamic Input Mode Enable Pointer Input Enable Dimension Input where possible Show command prompting and command input near the crosshairs Show additional tips with command prompting Drafting Tooltip Appearance Drawing Lines in AutoCAD The Close Option The Undo Option Invoking tools Using Dynamic INPUT/Command Prompt Coordinate Systems Absolute Coordinate System Relative Coordinate System Relative Polar Coordinates Direct Distance Entry Erasing Objects Canceling and Undoing Operation Object Selection Methods Window Selection Window Crossing Method Lasso Selection Method Drawing a Circle Basic Display Commands Zooming Drawings Setting Units Type and Precision www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Specifying the Format Specifying the Angle Format Setting the Direction for Angle Measurement Specifying Units for the Drawing or the Block to be Inserted Sample Output Specifying Units for Lighting Setting the Limits of a Drawing Setting Limits Limits for Architectural Drawings Limits for Metric Drawings Introduction to Plotting Drawings Modifying AutoCAD Settings by Using the Options Dialog Box Self-Evaluation Test Review Questions Chapter 3: Getting Started with Advanced Sketching Drawing Arcs Drawing Rectangles Drawing Ellipses Drawing Regular Polygons Drawing Polylines Drawing Donuts Placing Points Changing the Point Style and Size Placing Multiple Points Placing Points at Equal Distance Placing Points at Specified Intervals Drawing Infinite Lines Drawing Construction Lines Drawing Ray Writing a Single Line Text Self-Evaluation Test Review Questions Chapter 4: Working with Drawing Aids Introduction Understanding the Concept and Use of Layers Working with Layers Creating New Layers Making a Layer Current Controlling the Display of Layers Arranging Layers in Increasing Order www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Arranging Layers in Increasing Order with Respect to First Digit Merging Layers Deleting Layers Managing the Display of Columns Selective Display of Layers Layer States Reconciling New Layers Isolating and Unisolating Layers Controlling the Layer Settings Object Properties Changing the Color Changing the Linetype Changing the Lineweight Changing the Plot Style Changing Object Properties using the Properties Palette Changing Object Properties using the Quick Properties Palette Global and Current Linetype Scaling LTSCALE Factor for Plotting Working with the DesignCenter Drafting Settings Dialog Box Setting Grid Setting Snap Snap Type Drawing Straight Lines Using the Ortho Mode Working with Object Snaps Running Object Snap Mode Overriding the Running Snap Cycling through Snaps Setting the Priority for Coordinate Entry Using AutoTracking Object Snap Tracking Polar Tracking AutoTrack Settings Function and Control Keys Self-Evaluation Test Review Questions Chapter 5: Editing Sketched Objects-I Creating a Selection Set Editing Sketches Moving Sketched Objects Copying Sketched Objects Creating Multiple Copies www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Creating an Array of Selected Objects Creating a Single Copy Pasting Contents from the Clipboard Pasting Contents Using the Original Coordinates Offsetting Sketched Objects Through Option Erase Option Layer Option Rotating Sketched Objects Scaling the Sketched Objects Filleting the Sketches Chamfering the Sketches Blending the Curves Trimming the Sketched Objects Extending the Sketched Objects Stretching the Sketched Objects Lengthening the Sketched Objects Arraying the Sketched Objects Rectangular Array Polar Array Path Array Mirroring the Sketched Objects Text Mirroring Breaking the Sketched Objects Placing Points at Specified Intervals Dividing the Sketched Objects Joining the Sketched Objects Self-Evaluation Test Review Questions Chapter 6: Editing Sketched Objects-II Introduction to Grips Types of Grips Adjusting Grip Settings Editing Objects by Using Grips Stretching the Objects by Using Grips (Stretch Mode) Moving the Objects by Using Grips (Move Mode) Rotating the Objects by Using Grips (Rotate Mode) Scaling the Objects by Using Grips (Scale Mode) Mirroring the Objects by Using Grips (Mirror Mode) Editing a Polyline by Using Grips Loading Hyperlinks Editing Gripped Objects www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com connection with the source Although editing is always done in the server application, the source document remains unchanged Embedding can be accomplished by means of the following steps In this example, AutoCAD for Windows is the server application and MS Word is the container application Create a drawing in AutoCAD (the server application) Open MS Word (container application) It is preferable to arrange both the container and server windows so that both are visible, as shown in Figure 21-18 Figure 21-18 AutoCAD graphics screen with the MS Word window In AutoCAD, copy the drawing using the CTRL+C keys; the Copy Clip tool is invoked This tool can be used to embed drawings You can also invoke this tool from the Edit menu, or by entering COPYCLIP at the Command prompt The next prompt, Select objects, allows you to select the entities you want to transfer You can either select the full drawing by entering ALL or select some of the entities by selecting them You can use any of the object selection methods for selecting objects With this command, the selected objects are automatically copied to the Windows Clipboard After the objects are copied to the Clipboard, make the MS Word window active To get the drawing from the Clipboard to the MS Word application (client), you need to paste it into the Word application Choose the Paste Special tool from Home > www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Clipboard > Paste drop-down (Figure 21-19); the Paste Special dialog box will be displayed, as shown in Figure 21-20 In this dialog box, select the Paste radio button (default) for embedding, and then choose OK The drawing is now embedded in the MS Word window Figure 21-19 Pasting a drawing into the MS Word application Your drawing is now displayed in the MS Word window, but it may not be displayed at the proper position You can get the drawing displayed in the current viewport by moving the scroll bar up or down in the MS Word window You can also save your embedded drawing by choosing the Save button in MS Word On doing so, the Save As dialog box is displayed where you can enter a file name Save the file and then exit AutoCAD www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Figure 21-20 The Paste Special dialog box Now, you need to edit the embedded drawing Editing is performed in the server application, which in this case is AutoCAD You can get the embedded drawing into the server application (AutoCAD) directly from the container application (MS Word) by double-clicking on the drawing in MS Word The other method of editing an embedded drawing is by right-clicking on it and then choosing AutoCAD Drawing Object > Edit from the shortcut menu Now, you are in AutoCAD, with your embedded drawing displayed on the screen, but as a temporary file with a file name such as [Drawing in Document] Here, you can edit the drawing by changing the color and linetype or by adding and deleting the text, entities, and so on In this example, the plate have been hatched After you have finished modifying your drawing, choose File > Update Microsoft Word from the menu bar in the server (AutoCAD), see Figure 21-21 To display the menu bar, click on the down arrow in the Quick Access Toolbar and select Show Menu Bar AutoCAD automatically updates the drawing in MS Word (container application) Now, you can exit this temporary file in AutoCAD Note Do not zoom or pan the drawing in the temporary file If you so, this will be included in the updating and the new file will display only that portion of the drawing that lies inside the original area 10 This completes the embedding function Now, you can exit the container www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com application While exiting it, a message box asking whether or not to save changes in MS Word is displayed Figure 21-21 Updating the AutoCAD drawing in Microsoft Word Linking Objects The linking function of OLE is similar to the embedding function The only difference is that here a link is created between the source document and the destination document If you edit the source, you can simply update the link, which automatically updates the client This allows you to place the same document in a number of applications, and if you make a change in the source document, the clients will also change by simply updating the corresponding links Consider AutoCAD for Windows to be the server application and MS Word to be the container application Linking can be performed by means discussed next Open a drawing in the server application (AutoCAD) If you have created a new drawing, then you must save it before you can link it with the container application Next, open MS Word (container application) It is preferable to arrange both the container and the server windows so that both are visible In AutoCAD, choose Copy Link from the Edit menu of the menu bar to invoke the COPYLINK command This command can be used for linking the drawing This command copies all objects that are displayed in the current viewport directly to the Clipboard Here, you cannot select objects for linking If you want only a portion of www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com the drawing to be linked, you can zoom into that view so that it is displayed in the current viewport prior to invoking the COPYLINK command This command also creates a new view of the drawing having a name OLE1 Make the MS Word window active To get the drawing from the Clipboard to the MS Word (container) application, choose the Paste Special tool from Home > Clipboard > Paste drop-down; the Paste Special dialog box will be displayed In this dialog box, select the Paste link radio button for linking Choose OK Note that the Paste link radio button in the Paste Special dialog box will not be available if you have not saved the drawing The drawing is now displayed in the MS Word window and is linked to the original drawing You can also save your linked drawing by choosing Save from the Quick Access Toolbar in MS Word It displays the Save As dialog box where you can enter a file name You can now edit your original drawing Editing can be performed in the server application, which, in this case, is AutoCAD for Windows You can edit the drawing by changing the color and linetype or by adding and deleting text, entities, and so on Next, save your drawing in AutoCAD by using the Save tool You can now exit AutoCAD You will notice that the drawing is automatically updated, and the changes made in the source drawing are present in the destination drawing also If the drawing is not updated automatically, right-click on the drawing and then choose the Update Link option from the shortcut menu displayed Automatic updating is possible if the Automatic radio button is selected in the Links dialog box (Figure 21-22) The Links dialog box can be invoked by choosing Linked AutoCAD Drawing Object > Links from the shortcut menu displayed on right clicking on the drawing in the Word application www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Figure 21-22 The Links dialog box Exit the container application after saving the updated file Note The dialog box may be different in your case as it depends on the version of MS Word being used currently Linking Information to AutoCAD You can also embed and link information from a server application into an AutoCAD drawing You can also drag selected OLE objects from another application into AutoCAD, provided this application supports Microsoft ActiveX and the application is running and visible on the screen Dragging and dropping is like cutting and pasting If you press the CTRL key while you drag the object, it is copied to AutoCAD Dragging and dropping an OLE object into AutoCAD embeds it into AutoCAD Linking Objects to AutoCAD Start any server application such as MS Word and open a document in it Select the information you wish to use in AutoCAD with your pointing device and choose the Copy tool to copy this data to the Clipboard Open the AutoCAD drawing to which you want to link this data Choose the Paste Special tool from Home > Clipboard > Paste drop-down or use the PASTESPEC command; the Paste Special dialog box will www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com be displayed (Figure 21-23) In the As list box, select the data format you wish to use For example, for an MS Word document, select Microsoft Office Word Document Picture format uses a Metafile format Select the Paste Link radio button to paste the contents of the Clipboard into the current drawing If you select the Paste radio button, the data will be embedded and not linked Choose OK to exit the dialog box Specify the insertion point; the data will be displayed in the drawing Figure 21-23 The Paste Special dialog box You can insert objects in the drawing by choosing OLE Object from the Data panel of the Insert tab, or by choosing the OLE Object tool in the Insert toolbar This command links an entire file to a drawing from within AutoCAD On invoking this command, the Insert Object dialog box is displayed, as shown in Figure 21-24 Figure 21-24 The Insert Object dialog box Select the Create from File radio button Also, select the Link check box Choosing the Browse button displays the Browse dialog box Select a file you want to link from www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com the list box or enter a name in the File name edit box and choose the Open button The path of the file is displayed in the File edit box of the Insert Object dialog box If you select the Display As Icon check box, an icon is displayed in the dialog box as well as in the drawing Choose OK to exit the dialog box; the selected file is linked to the AutoCAD drawing Whenever the server document changes, AutoCAD updates links automatically But, you can use the Links dialog box (Figure 21-25) to change these settings This dialog box can be displayed by choosing OLE Links from the Edit menu In the Links dialog box, select the link you want to update and then choose the Update Now button Next, choose the Close button If the server file location changes or if it is renamed, you can choose the Change Source button in the Links dialog box to display the Change Source dialog box In this dialog box, locate the server file name and location and choose the Open button You can also choose the Break Link button in the Links dialog box to disconnect the inserted information from the server application This is done when the linking between the two is no longer required Figure 21-25 The Links dialog box Embedding Objects into AutoCAD Open the server application and select the data you want to embed into the AutoCAD drawing Copy this data to the Clipboard by choosing the Copy tool in the toolbar or Copy from the Edit menu Open the AutoCAD drawing and choose Paste from the AutoCAD Edit menu You can also use the PASTECLIP command Specify the insertion point; the selected information is embedded into the AutoCAD drawing You can also create and embed an object into an AutoCAD drawing To so, choose the OLE Object tool from the Data panel of the Insert tab; the Insert Object dialog box will be invoked (Figure 21-26) In this dialog box, select the Create New radio www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com button and select the application you wish to use from the Object Type list box Choose OK, the selected application opens Now, you can create the information you wish to insert in the AutoCAD drawing and save it before closing the application You can edit information embedded in the AutoCAD drawing by double-clicking on the inserted OLE object; the server application will open The modifications made in the server application get automatically reflected in the AutoCAD drawing Figure 21-26 The Insert Object dialog box Working with OLE Objects Select an OLE object and right-click to display a shortcut menu Next, choose Properties from the shortcut menu; the Properties window will be displayed Specify a new height value and a new width value in the Height and Width edit boxes in the Geometry area Enter a value in percentage of the current values in the Scale height % and Scale width % edit boxes If you select the Yes option in the Lock Aspect field, whenever you change the height or the width under Scale or Size, the respective width or height changes automatically to maintain the aspect ratio If you want to change only the height or the width, select No for this field The pointing device can be used to modify and scale an OLE object in the AutoCAD drawing Selecting the object displays the object frame The move cursor allows you to select and drag an object to a new location The middle handle allows you to select a frame and stretch it It does not scale objects proportionately The corner handles scale an object proportionately Select an OLE object and right-click to display a shortcut menu Choosing Clipboard > Cut removes an object from a drawing and pastes it on the Clipboard The Copy option is used to place a copy of the selected object on the Clipboard and the Erase option is used to remove an object from a drawing and does not place it on the Clipboard Choosing OLE displays the Open, Reset, Text Size, and Convert options www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Choosing Convert displays the Convert dialog box where you can convert objects from one type to another and choosing Open opens an object in the Server application where you can edit and update it in the current drawing Choosing the Reset option restores the selected OLE objects to their original size, that is, the size they had when inserted Choose the Text Size option to resize the text You can set the draw order by choosing the corresponding option from Draw Order in the shortcut menu If you want to change the layer of an OLE object, select the object, and then select the required layer from the Layer drop-down list in the Layers panel The OLEHIDE system variable controls the display of OLE objects in AutoCAD The default value is 0, which makes all OLE objects visible The different values and their effects are as follows: All OLE objects are visible OLE objects are visible in paper space only OLE objects are visible in model space only No OLE objects are visible The OLEHIDE system variable affects both screen display and printing CONTENT EXPLORER Ribbon: Add-ins > Content > Explore Command: CONTENTEXPLORER CONTENT EXPLORER is an extension of DESIGN CENTER When you search any content using this tool, the tool searches for the content in local files as well as in Autodesk Seek Autodesk Seek is a community available online for Autodesk files To invoke CONTENT EXPLORER, choose the Explore tool from the Content panel in the Add-ins tab of the Ribbon; a window named CONTENT EXPLORER will be displayed, as shown in Figure 21-27 In this window, you can add search locations by choosing the Add Watched Folder button You can browse different categories of design files on Autodesk Seek by selecting Autodesk Seek from the Home drop-down list located on the top left of the window To find the desired DWG file, double-click on the required category; all available products from different manufacturers will be displayed in the window Now, double-click on any of the products; the details of the product will be displayed Choose the Available Files button on the right of the thumbnail and then double-click on any of the file; the file will get attached to the cursor as a block and a process indicator will be shown with the thumbnail of the selected file As the opening process completes, the file will open in a new window www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com Figure 21-27 The CONTENT EXPLORER window SELF-EVALUATION TEST Answer the following questions and then compare them to those given at the end of this chapter: The DXF file format generates a text file in ASCII code (T/F) You can directly open a DXF file in AutoCAD by using the Open tool (T/F) An image attached to AutoCAD cannot be detached (T/F) A file in the container application is automatically modified only when a link is maintained between the server application and the container application (T/F) You can import a DXB file into an AutoCAD drawing file by using the tool The system variable controls the display of OLE objects in AutoCAD If you import a DXB file into an old drawing, the settings of layers, blocks, and so on of the file being imported are by the settings of the file into which you are importing the DXB file The is used as a medium of storing documents while transferring them from one Windows application to the other You can get an embedded drawing into the Server application directly from the container application by on the drawing 10 The Copy Link tool copies a drawing from the to the Clipboard REVIEW QUESTIONS Answer the following questions: Which of the following tools can be used to open a DXF format file? (a) Open (b) New www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com (c) Save (d) None of these Which of the following tools is used to add an image to the drawing as an external reference? (a) Attach (b) Insert (c) Adjust (d) Create Block In which of the following panels, the options are used to modify the brightness of an image? (a) Options (b) Visual Styles (c) Clipping (d) Adjust In AutoCAD, you can clip the boundary of an image and give it \the desired shape (T/F) The scanned files can be imported into the current session of AutoCAD using the Attach tool (T/F) You can export an AutoCAD drawing into 3D Studio MAX (T/F) Raster images can be attached using the Attach tool (T/F) The tool is used to modify frames by retaining only the desired portion of the images The tool is used to create an ASCII format file with the dxf extension from the AutoCAD drawing files 10 Binary DXF files are efficient and occupy only 75 percent of the ASCII DXF file 11 File access for files in binary format is than for the same file in ASCII format 12 If the OLEHIDE system variable value is , the OLE objects are visible in the paper space only 13 When you select an image file to attach, the dialog box is displayed where you can define the insertion point, scale factor, and rotation angle for the image www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com 14 The clipping boundary for the raster images can be of or the shape EXERCISE In this exercise, you will create a cup and a plate, refer to Figure 21-28 for dimensions Assume the missing dimensions Below the cup and plate, enter the following text in MS Word: These objects are drawn in AutoCAD Then using OLE, paste the text into the current drawing Figure 21-28 Dimensions for Exercise ANSWERS TO SELF-EVALUATION TEST www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com T, T, F, T, Import, OLEHIDE, overruled, Clipboard, doubleclicking, 10 current display www.EngineeringBooksPDF.com ... increase their efficiency and improve their productivity The AutoCAD 2016: A Problem- Solving Approach, Basic and Intermediate textbook contains a detailed explanation of AutoCAD commands and their... on Several companies in Canada and United States are using this software package with AutoCAD to design and manufacture various products AutoCAD also facilitates customization that enables the... Navisworks, Primavera, and Bentley STAAD Pro Animation and Styling: Autodesk 3ds Max, Autodesk 3ds Max Design, Autodesk Maya, Autodesk Alias, The Foundry NukeX, MAXON CINEMA 4D, Adobe Flash, and Adobe