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7/16/10 12:15:4 ✐ ✐ “8primer” — 2010/6/7 — 16:45 — page v — #5 ✐ ✐ Contents Preface xiii Introduction xv Getting Started The MATLAB Desktop 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 10 12 12 Referencing individual entries Matrix operators Matrix division (slash and backslash) Entry-wise operators Relational operators Complex numbers Strings 13 Submatrices and Colon Notation 4.1 4.2 Command Window Command History window Current Folder window Workspace window Help window File Exchange window Variable Editor window Matrices and Matrix Operations 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 19 Generating vectors 19 Accessing submatrices 20 MATLAB Functions 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 13 14 15 16 16 17 18 22 Constructing matrices Scalar functions Vector functions and data analysis Matrix functions The linsolve function The find function 22 24 25 26 27 28 v www.elsolucionario.net ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ “8primer” — 2010/6/7 — 16:45 — page vi — #6 ✐ ✐ 5.7 5.8 5.9 M-Files 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 6.7 6.8 The for loop The while loop The if statement The switch statement The try/catch statement Matrix expressions (if and while) Infinite loops Object methods Object inheritance and abstract classes Object attributes A more extensive example Object handle classes Cell arrays Structs Sets Other data types 44 46 47 48 49 50 52 52 Object-Oriented Programming 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 34 36 39 40 41 42 42 43 44 Advanced Data Structures 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 34 M-File Editor window Script files Function files Multiple inputs and outputs Variable arguments Unused arguments Comments and documentation The MATLAB path Control Flow Statements 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 7.7 1-D indexing and the reshape function 29 Logical indexing 30 The bsxfun and repmat functions 31 10 Advanced M-file Features 53 53 55 56 57 59 61 64 66 66 67 vi www.elsolucionario.net ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ “8primer” — 2010/6/7 — 16:45 — page vii — #7 ✐ ✐ 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 Function handles and anonymous functions Name resolution Error and warning messages User input Performance measures Efficient code 11 Code Development Tools 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.6 11.7 11.8 77 Code Analyzer (M-Lint) report Advanced Editor features TODO/FIXME report Help report Contents report Dependency report Profiler tool and Coverage report File and Folder Comparison tool 12 Calling C from MATLAB 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 67 71 71 72 73 75 77 79 80 81 83 84 85 85 86 A simple example C versus MATLAB arrays A matrix computation in C MATLAB mx and mex routines Online help for MEX routines Larger examples on the web 13 Calling Fortran from MATLAB 87 88 89 93 95 95 95 13.1 Solving a transposed system 96 13.2 A Fortran mexFunction with %val 97 13.3 If you cannot use %val 99 14 Calling Java from MATLAB 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 A simple example Encryption/decryption Java class path Calling your own Java methods Loading a URL as a matrix 100 100 100 102 103 104 vii www.elsolucionario.net ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ “8primer” — 2010/6/7 — 16:45 — page viii — #8 ✐ ✐ 15 Two-Dimensional Graphics 15.1 15.2 15.3 15.4 15.5 15.6 15.7 15.8 15.9 15.10 Planar plots Multiple figures Graph of a function Parametrically defined curves Titles, labels, text in a graph Control of axes and scaling Multiple plots Line types, marker types, colors Subplots and specialized plots Graphics hard copy 106 16 Three-Dimensional Graphics 16.1 16.2 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.6 Curve plots Mesh and surface plots Parametrically defined surfaces Volume and vector visualization Color shading and color profile Perspective of view 106 107 108 108 109 110 110 111 112 112 113 17 Advanced Graphics 113 114 115 116 116 117 118 17.1 Handle Graphics 118 17.2 Graphical user interface 118 17.3 Images 119 18 Sparse Matrix Computations 18.1 18.2 18.3 18.4 18.5 Storage modes Generating sparse matrices Computation with sparse matrices Permutation vectors and matrices Visualizing matrices 120 Symbolic variables Calculus Variable precision arithmetic Numeric and symbolic substitution 19 The Symbolic Math Toolbox 19.1 19.2 19.3 19.4 120 121 123 124 125 125 126 127 132 133 viii www.elsolucionario.net ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ “8primer” — 2010/6/7 — 16:45 — page 201 — #217 ✐ ✐ G G.1 Object-Oriented Programming Classes and Objects class determines the class of a variable See p 184 classdef is a statement that defines a class, with properties and methods The class definition is terminated by an end statement [p 57] exist determines if a class or object exists See p 166 methods is both a function and a keyword The function methods(A) lists the public methods of a class or object A As a keyword, the methods statement defines the set of methods for a class, terminated by an end statement [p 59] properties is both a function and a keyword The function properties(A) lists the public properties of a class or object A As a keyword, the properties statement defines the set of properties for a class, terminated by an end statement [p 58] subsref is the method for subscripted references to objects G.2 Handle Classes delete deletes a handle object findobj finds a graphics object with specific properties get returns the properties of an object See p 205 handle is the superclass for all handle classes, including Handle Graphics [p 66] set lists or sets the properties of an object set(H) lists the properties that can be modified via set(H,’Property’,value) See p 205 201 www.elsolucionario.net ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ “8primer” — 2010/6/7 — 16:45 — page 202 — #218 ✐ ✐ H H.1 Graphics Basic Plots and Graphs box displays or hides the boundary of a plot hold controls how new data is plotted With hold on, a plot command overlays the new plot onto the old one With hold off (the default), a new plot erases the old [p 111] line creates a line object (a low-level version of plot) loglog draws a logarithmic 2-D line plot, with logarithmic x-y axes Otherwise identical to plot plot draws a 2-D line plot plot(Y) plots the columns of a real matrix Y versus the row index With multiple arguments, plot(x,y) plots the vector x versus y plot(x1,y1,x2,y2, ) plots multiple lines on a single figure Adding a string after each pair sets the line color and type [p 106] plot3 draws a 3-D line plot [p 113] semilogx draws a semi-logarithmic 2-D line plot, with a logarithmic x-axis and a linear y-axis Otherwise identical to plot semilogy draws a semi-logarithmic 2-D line plot, with a linear x-axis and a logarithmic y-axis Otherwise identical to plot subplot creates a tiled array of plots in a single figure subplot(2,3,1) creates a 2-by-3 tiling of plots, and sets the first one (in the (1,1) position) as the current plot [p 112] H.2 Plotting Tools rotate3d rotates the 3-D view using the mouse [p 117] zoom zooms into or out of a plot [p 107] 202 www.elsolucionario.net ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ ✐ “8primer” — 2010/6/7 — 16:45 — page 203 — #219 ✐ ✐ H.3 Annotating Plots legend adds a legend to a plot If three plot commands have been drawn on a figure, use legend(’s1’,’s2’,’s3’), where each string describes each plot Add ,’Location’, ’SouthEast’ as the last two arguments to place the legend in the bottom right corner (for example) [p 111] rectangle draws a rectangle title sets the title of a plot [p 109] xlabel sets the label for the x-axis [p 109] ylabel sets the label for the y-axis [p 109] zlabel sets the label for the z-axis, for a 3-D plot [p 113] H.4 Specialized Plotting area displays an area plot, which is just like a 2-D line plot except that the area below the curve is filled in with a color bar draws a bar graph Try bar(sin(0:.1:pi)) contour draws a contour plot stem plots a discrete sequence of data hist draws a histogram plot hist(y) uses 10 bins; hist(y,20) uses 20 hist(y,x) uses bins centered at the points in x histc counts the elements in each bin of a histogram (without actually drawing the plot) The bins are defined differently than hist, however histc(y,x) defines the bins by their edges, where y(i) is in the kth bin if x(k)