IELTS vocabulary Ebook(IM09)

1|Page Published by IELTSMaterial.com This publication is in copyright All rights are reserved, including resale rights This e-book is sold subject to the condition that no part of this e-book may also be copied, duplicated, stored, distributed, reproduced or transmitted for any purpose in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, or by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the author Preface As far as you know, Vocabulary plays an important role in the IELTS exam Therefore, it is absolutely necessary that you invest time in learning new words and understanding their usage Beside Cambridge IELTS Practice Tests series published by Oxford University Press, IELTS Vocabulary aims to develop vocabulary skills with language proficiency to help you achieve a high IELTS score It contains new words with meanings specific to each related topic along with exercises and a common essay When using this e-book, you can learn new words that will help you use it in your IELTS exam and get a good score The authors are convinced that you will find IELTS Vocabulary extremely helpful on your path to success with the International English Language Testing System Don’t just trust to luck in your IELTS exam – the key is practice! IELTS Material http://ieltsmaterial.com | ieltsmaterial.com@gmail.com 2|Page Contents INTRODUCTION People and Relationship Glossary Exercises Essay Education 11 Glossary 11 Exercises 12 Exercises 13 Essay 14 Health 15 Glossary 15 Exercises 16 Essay 18 Adventure 19 Glossary 19 Exercises 20 Essay 22 Gadgets 23 Glossary 23 Exercises 24 Essay 25 Places 27 Glossary 27 Exercises 28 Essay 29 Environment 31 Glossary 31 Exercises 32 Essay 33 Transportation 34 Glossary 34 3|Page Exercises 35 Essay 36 Culture 38 Glossary 38 Exercises 39 Essay 40 Business 41 Glossary 41 Exercises 42 Essay 43 Crime and Law 45 Glossary 45 Exercises 46 Essay 47 Employment 49 Glossary 49 Exercises 49 Essay 51 Leisure 52 Glossary 52 Exercises 52 Essay 53 Answer key 55 People and Relationship 55 Education 55 Health 56 Adventure 56 Gadgets 57 Places 57 Environment 58 Transportation 58 Culture 58 Business 59 4|Page Crime and Law 59 Employment 60 Leisure 60 5|Page INTRODUCTION "Learners carry around dictionaries and not grammar books" Schmitt (2010) Vocabulary is an inevitable part of any language Grammar is undoubtedly important, but lexis is the core of the language Vocabulary is one important way to showcase your proficiency in the language, be it through speaking, writing or reading Vocabulary comprises 25% marks in IELTS Writing and Speaking and plays a vital role in Listening and Reading tests too Repetition of words proves that you are poor in vocabulary, and further leads to running short of words while conversing with your examiner As IELTS is an English Language Proficiency Test, good homework on vocabulary will help in improving the overall score You cannot cram up certain words, and claim your job is done for vocabulary Many times, testtakers tend to use words without keeping the context in mind This vocabulary e-book is just the right choice and will prove to be your best friend The topics in this e-book are wisely chosen and mainly focus on what is essential and apt from the exam point of view and also on the basis of commonly asked questions Topics: • People and Relationship • Education • Health • Leisure • Adventure • Gadgets and technology • Places • Global warming/ Environment • Transportation • Culture • Society • Business • Crime and law • Employment How is vocabulary important for listening? Our ears can wonders In the listening module, you will be asked to listen to an audio lasting 30 minutes, and you need to understand the meaning of certain words and the context in which it is used 6|Page Having appropriate knowledge of words and their meaning along with its pronunciation will help you crack the answer faster Some of your listening questions not have the same words as the audio; instead, these questions will have synonyms of the information in the audio To understand the question, you should be able to identify the synonym This is where vocabulary becomes essential in the listening module VOCABULARY FOR SPEAKING You will be asked a couple of questions based on a particular topic, and the whole test lasts around 15 to 20 minutes So, to use this time fruitfully and to get a good band score, use specific vocabulary related to the topic This provides a good impression for the examiner and increases your chances to score a good band VOCABULARY FOR READING In most of the cases, the words in the reading passage are different from the words in the questions That is, the synonyms of the word in the passage is used in the question, which confuses test takers if they don’t know the words or don’t pay attention Therefore, it is necessary to know the meanings of those words to answer the questions correctly This e-book will introduce you to the vocabulary used in each context and help you find the answers quickly VOCABULARY FOR WRITING Writing module is considered to be the toughest of them all, mainly because you are asked to write on an essay topic, graph or letter You have only 60 minutes to think and write on a given topic, in which you should ensure that there is good vocabulary too He or she must know that you know a list of standard vocabulary and phrases and therefore you deserve a good band score Learning to use idioms and phrasal verbs will fine-tune your English Idioms are a group of words established by usage as having a meaning not deducible from those of the individual words For example-’ over the moon’, ‘paint the town red’ Idioms can be used to avoid repetition of words However, it is difficult to learn and use them in the right context This e-book consists of idioms and phrases for each topic which would help you ace the IELTS exam like a pro Collocation refers to words that are commonly placed together It is not only necessary to learn new words but also to connect them with other words Example: • To make the bed • To catch a cold • To come late Phrasal verbs are verbs used along with prepositions or an adverb When these two words are combined, they have a different meaning compared to what each word means on its own Example: "I can't put up with you anymore." The use of the word "put" in context "to put on the table" means to place But when it is used with "up with", the meaning changes to "can't accept someone or something anymore." This e-book consists of words, idioms and phrasal verbs specific to each topic In addition to this, each topic consists of an essay with the words, idioms and phrasal verbs given, providing you with an example of how an essay can be written with the specific words 7|Page People and Relationship Glossary Personal relationships Parent - a mother or father of a person Sibling - a brother or sister Spouse - a person's husband or wife Grandparents - the father or mother of a person's father or mother Professional relationships Client - a customer or someone who receives services Employer - a person or organization that employs people Employee - someone who is paid to work for someone else Colleague - one of a group of people who work together Characteristics easy-going - relaxed and not easily upset or worried broad-minded - willing to accept other people's behaviour and beliefs consistent - always behaving or happening in a similar, especially positive, way co-operate - to act or work together for a particular purpose, or to be helpful by doing what someone asks you to Tolerant - willing to accept behaviour and beliefs that are different from your own, although you might not agree with or approve of them Vulnerable - able to be easily physically, emotionally, or mentally hurt, influenced, or attacked Idealistic - believing that very good things can be achieved, often when this seems unlikely to other people Flexible - able to change or be changed easily according to the situation Charming – pleasant and attractive Determined - wanting to something very much and not allowing anyone or any difficulties to stop you Lively - full of energy and enthusiasm; interesting and exciting Clumsy – A person who often has accidents because they not behave in a careful, controlled way Arrogant - unpleasantly proud and behaving as if you are more important than, or know more than, other people 8|Page Social Scientists- an expert in or student of human society and social relationships, or any subject within this field, such as economics or politics Cultural gap- is any systematic difference between two cultures which hinders mutual understanding or relations Intergenerational- relating to, involving, or affecting several generations Exercises A Fill in the blanks with the correct relation Ever since marriage, my _ cooks’ dinner My are celebrating their 60 anniversary My _ is extremely happy with the output of this project As a boss, I prefer sincere to lazy ones Meetings with my _ are fun instead of stressed th B Use the right word in the blank 10 She is _ She keeps falling down If you would , we could finish it before the deadline I don’t judge people, I am very I can’t stop staring at him He’s really I’m _ to win this show Essay There is certainly a difference in thoughts, ideas and actions between children, their parents and grandparents Why these differences exist? Does it cause problems in your community, in your opinion? In a rapidly developing world, the differences in opinion, attitude and lifestyle of children from those of parents and grandparents is obvious This can be due to several reasons ranging from the invention of new technologies to the influence of western cultures From my personal standpoint, differences in viewpoints leads to various problems such as lack of intergenerational communication Emerging technologies such as smartphones, mobile applications, laptops and video games create a cultural gap between two generations While the parents prefer personal one-on-one interaction, children use Facebook and Twitter to communicate with friends The gap is further increased by the spread of western ideas in developing countries This is evident in the difference in the food habits of parents and their children The former prefers traditional homemade food, whereas the latter prefers burgers and junk food A recent survey conducted in India claimed that western cultural influence spread through international brands such as Levi’s, McDonald's, KFC and Facebook and had decreased the time children spent with parents in 2019 by at least 35 per cent as compared to 1998 This has tremendously increased the differences in thoughts, ideas and actions between the two generations 9|Page Because the older generation is not always broad-minded, their stubborn beliefs lead the youth to turn arrogant and clumsy These cultural differences result in a lack of communication between two generations which leads to improper guidance for youth on one hand and loss of cultural identity on the other Social Scientists have proved that if children and parents not spend sufficient time eating food and discussing ideas, events, history and culture, a community will forget its culture within five generations In conclusion, the differences in ideas and attitude of children and parents are natural However, these may seriously affect the development of a society and lead to a loss of identity The differences should be bridged by encouraging the parents and children to spend more time with each other, and I believe that the COVID-19 pandemic has paved a way to strengthen family bonds 10 | P a g e addicted to some drugs This proves the strong relationship between crime, substance addiction and age The government should take responsibility for modulating these youngsters Making education available to these young lads at an affordable cost should be of utmost priority Also, schools and colleges should take initiatives to increase awareness about health hazards and social problems created by substance abuse A recent survey shows that crime rate and drug rate in Delhi and sudden fall after the teenagers were given class on the disadvantages of drug use Thus, it is possible to eliminate the causes of youth crime by incorporating appropriate measures In conclusion, drug abuse and the desire to become rich overnight are the factors that encourage young people to get into crime Providing employment opportunities and launching antiaddiction programmes will solve this problem to a great extent 48 | P a g e Employment Glossary Part-time/Full-time: These terms refer to the amount of time you spend at a job Occupation: is a specific job position you hold Career: It refers to the category of work someone does, and suggests a long-term commitment Shift work: refers to work that is scheduled with a specific beginning and ending time Salary work: may have an expected schedule, a shift where the worker will normally be at work Unskilled work: is work that requires little or no training, such as fry cook work at a fast-food restaurant, or work cleaning and maintaining buildings Manual labour: refers to work that is very physical, requiring a lot of strength and physical activity Employment: When someone is paid to work for a company or organization Unemployment: Not working Commute: To make the same journey regularly between work and home Public Sector: Businesses and industries that are owned or controlled by the government Private Sector: Businesses and industries that are privately owned Retire: To stop working because of old age or ill health Work Flextime: Working a fixed number of hours but having flexibility with start and finish times Vacancy: A job position that is not filled and so is available Overtime: working more than your contracted hours Shift: The time worked in a job that is not normal hours Exercises 1.Fill in the blanks with the suitable word given in the box: 49 | P a g e promotion Workaholic incentives incentive Steady job security Benefits Unsociable Resign increment unemployed Commission redundant Downsizing Cut salary Adverse initiative motivation Time off sick building syndrome Perk The company you work for is well known for its You are suddenly made _ Mary received a Harry was given an _ Sheila works _ hours I have a job Sreenish had to work under _working conditions Manish suddenly found himself _ Tony needs _ work because of repetitive strain injury 10 The office where you work has 11 Neha receives regular 12 Shreya is a _, she works day and night 13 My company gives me plenty of _ 14 Your boss announces that there is going to be some _ 15 Your company has a generous scheme 16 Sharaf received a _ 17 Jiya was forced to _ 18 You received a , because you took a week’s leave 19 My company gives me sickness _ 20 My boss tells me that you lack _ 50 | P a g e Essay Some people think that recruiting companies should aim to take on people who are innovative and able to work independently while others consider they should recruit people who are able to work in a team and follow instructions Discuss both views, and give your opinion A set of people argue that a successful organization must have individuals who have a creative mindset and can-do tasks with less dependency At the same time, there are groups which argue that candidates should be able to work as a unit for the development of the company In my opinion, to accelerate the growth of a firm, resources should have both an innovative and co-operative mind This essay focuses on both viewpoints Firstly, for competing with the business, the organization needs candidates who can come up with great ideas and who can think out of the box Moreover, most of the companies are paying more for such resources Employers appreciate employees who develop tools to reduce the workload and attract clients with their innovative work and strategies For instance, many IT companies provide a huge infrastructure to support the innovative work for which they include an attractive pay package for the employees Secondly, for an organization to work smoothly, joint work and joint effort are vital In most cases, tasks are usually shared among the employees, and only with proper coordination and lesser ego conflicts, a company can finish the project within the deadline Furthermore, the importance of group efforts is vital Most of the organizations provide sessions and conduct team activity for the resources to interact with each other For example, factories like Ranbaxy, have monthly team activity and outings for encouraging team interaction Additionally, these activities have a positive response and often increase productivity In conclusion, I would say, to precipitate the growth of a project, the resources should have both, a creative thinking and coordinative mind, topped up with team effort which is an important factor if we are part of a huge organization 51 | P a g e Leisure Glossary Ample: plentiful Uninterrupted: without a break in continuity Requisite: Made necessary by particular circumstances or situations Ignoble: not honorable in character or purpose Abundant: existing or available in large quantities Dangerous: able or likely to cause harm or injury Occasional: occurring, appearing, or done infrequently and irregularly Adequate: satisfactory or acceptable in quality or quantity Peaceful: free from disturbance; tranquil Scanty: small or insufficient in quantity or amount Activities: the condition in which things are happening or being done Solace: comfort or consolation in a time of distress Outdoor activity: recreation engaged out of doors Indoor activities: Activities done for fun and enjoyment in the comfort of our home Relaxing: reducing tension or anxiety Leisure: time when one is not working or occupied; free time Exercises These are certain words associated with the word leisure which can be asked as a topic in your writing or speaking test To further strengthen your vocab, here are some exercises for you: A) Look at the sentences below and fill in the gaps using the appropriate word from A, B or C Everyone has their own leisure , and mine is reading A) Attitudes B) pursuits C) works Recreational activities help us to and just forget about life for a minute, 52 | P a g e A) Casual B) unwind C) end Spending excessive time on a hobby may have an effect on people A) Adverse B) holy C) endless 4.I would love to extreme sports in the future, maybe ski-diving A) enjoy B) have a crack at C) support I think I will free-falling from enormous heights A) Get a kick start B) get kick off C) get a real kick out of Young people like watching movies, _the net, chatting with friends, hanging out with friends, gymming and many more activities A) surfing B) Searching C) sitting on B) Match the phrases with the type leisure activity: Chess Shopping Restaurant 10 Friends 11 Basketball 12 Party 13 Cinema 14 Road trip 15 Coffee 16 Beach i) shoot some hoops ii) move your pieces iii) window shopping iv) eat out v) catch up vi) catch some rays vii) hit the road viii)paint the town red ix) catch a flick x)cup of joe Essay Some people think that it is important to use leisure time for activities that improve the mind, such as reading and doing word puzzles Other people feel that it is important to rest the mind during leisure time /Some people indulge in various activities to spend leisure time While others strongly suggest spending their leisure time doing nothing but relaxing This essay focuses on both viewpoints 53 | P a g e One group of people advocate that we have only a limited amount of time, and we should try to utilize it effectively For them leisure activities can be reading and puzzle-solving Such activities enhance our skills However, others have a notion that the modern lifestyle is full of stress and strain and solving puzzles drains the remaining energy In addition, they believe that the brain needs rest to get ready for the next day at work Therefore, they like spending time relaxing and doing nothing Personally, I feel that we all not have the same level of energy and that interests differ with people In other words, people are very busy with their work and studies that they may find solace in doing nothing However, when it comes to people whose work does not demand physical and mental pressure, they can go for indoor or outdoor activities To conclude, I would say it is ultimately one’s choice to utilize their free time the way they want to 54 | P a g e Answer key People and Relationship Spouse Grandparents Employer Employee Colleagues Clumsy Co-operate Broadminded Charming 10 Determined Education C F D A G B E Kindergarten Art 10 Alphabets 11 Music 12 Curriculum 13 Appreciate 14 Handwriting 15 Tone-deaf 16 Enrol 17 Course 18 University 19 Degree 20 Faculty 21 Tutorial 22 Lectures 55 | P a g e Health C D A B F E therapeutic a diet conventional medicine 10 traditional medicines 11 holistic medicines 12 consultant 13 surgeon 14 protein 15 vitamins 16 minerals Adventure Break the journey (stop for a short time during journey) Find a gem (When you find a place where only locals go and other tourists don’t visit.) a stopover (a brief overnight stay in a place when on a long journey to somewhere else, usually by air) Put me on standby (make me wait to see if a seat become available) Off the beaten track or path (An unusual route or destination) To take the road less traveled (To things differently and to think outside of the box.) The first leg of the journey (the first segment of a journey; the first flight of a multi-flight trip.) Off the beaten track (path) ( in a place where few people go; unusual route/destination.) To take a red eye (To take a late night airline flight.) 10 To get away (To escape, to go somewhere that is not your home You can also use the noun “a getaway.”) 11 Get itchy feet: (have a strong desire to travel) 12 Outdoor 13 Experience 14 Wanderers 15 Headed to 56 | P a g e Gadgets m l k j i h g a b 10 c 11 d 12 e 13 f 14 surfing the internet 15 a computer buff 16 a game changer 17 the cutting edge 18 techie 19 e-books Places Hometown Town Vibrant/lively Quaint Ancient Breath-taking Traffic congestion d b 10 a 11 c 12.e 57 | P a g e Environment reduce, reuse, recycle (phrase used to encourage people to waste less and use things again to protect the environment) going solar (to collect solar energy by using solar energy panels) has a green thumb (to have the ability to grow plants well) go green (to change one’s lifestyle to help protect the environment) D E F G B 10 C 11 A Transportation E A D A B to go on foot a speeding fine park-and-ride the outskirts 10 Overcrowded 11 running a car 12 to get off 13 commute Culture media Linguistic opera fine art inheritance folklore legend heritage 58 | P a g e values 10 conservation 11 cultural norm 12 ceremony Business g f e j d h i c b 10 a 11 Demand for 12 Loss 13 Net 14 Lending 15 credit 16 Retail 17 Private 18 State-owned industries 19 Unskilled labourers 20 Take on Crime and Law viii v vi vii ix i iv iii ii 10 Judge 11 Jury 59 | P a g e 12 Witness 13 Defendant 14 Victim 15 solicitor 16 Offender 17 Barrister 18 law abiding 19 break the law Employment Job security Redundant Promotion Increment Unsociable Steady Adverse Unemployed Time off 10 Sick building syndrome 11 Perks 12 Workaholic 13 Incentives 14 Downsizing 15 Incentive 16 Commission 17 Resign 18 Cutsalary 19 Benefits 20 Initiative motivation Leisure B B A B C A ii [move your pieces (moving the chess pieces)] 60 | P a g e iii [window shopping (the activity of looking at goods displayed in shop windows, especially without intending to buy anything)] iv [eat out (have a meal in a restaurant)] 10 v [catch up (meet friends)] 11 i [shoot some hoops (To play basketball, especially casually by simply shooting and not engaging in a game)] 12 viii [paint the town red (go out and enjoy oneself flamboyantly)] 13 ix [catch a flick (to go to watch a movie)] 14 vii [hit the road (to leave a place or begin a journey)] 15 x [cup of joe (common man’s drink)] 16 vi [catch some rays (sit or lie in the sun)] 61 | P a g e 62 | P a g e ... series published by Oxford University Press, IELTS Vocabulary aims to develop vocabulary skills with language proficiency to help you achieve a high IELTS score It contains new words with meanings... Language Testing System Don’t just trust to luck in your IELTS exam – the key is practice! IELTS Material http://ieltsmaterial.com | ieltsmaterial.com@gmail.com 2|Page Contents INTRODUCTION ... can learn new words that will help you use it in your IELTS exam and get a good score The authors are convinced that you will find IELTS Vocabulary extremely helpful on your path to success with