HDC 2009

- N&UnBng d$ dung dich thhp h m dung dich nhugc tnrong nu6c tir m6i tnxhg vao t&bao gly hiien tucpg tnrmg nu&.[r]

SO GIAO DIJC VA oko TAO LAO CAI H U ~ DAN G CHAM BE THI HQC SINH GIOI CAP T ~ N H2008 -2009 M6n: Sinh hgc Ibp 13, N o DUNG ~i6m Cbu 1: - Hai c h h g vi k h u h lactic va 18 hai vi khuAn khuy6t d u m g b8 trg cho ct6i v6i nhin t6 sinh tnrbng 18 axit folic v i pheninalanin, cho n6n nuai d6ng d u h g (nubi h6n hqp chdng m6i tnrbng) trien m6i t n r h g khbng co n h h t6 sinh tmbng nay, chung kh6ng th& phat tri&ndugc 0,5 - Tuy nhibn, n6u nu6i Ibu t r h m6i trubng co dhy du chit dinh d u h g , chung co th&thanh lap cAu ti&ph w $0 c h k g nguyCn d u h g d6i vbi nhih t6 sinh trubng trCn, do n u tren mbi , truirng thi&uca hai n h h t6 sinh tnrbng thi n h h g chung nguyCn d u h g lai lai co thi phat ! tri&ndugc I 0,5 ,I - I CQu2: a/ Khi nu8i c$ vi sinh v@ttrong m6i tmlmg nudi c i y khClng lien tyc lqi xhy pha suy vong vi - Trong mBi t r u h g n u chy khkhg Ii&ntuc ngu6n dinh d u h g co h m , ma s6 t&bao vi khuin I ngAy c h g t b g d& d i n chit dinh d u k g cang cgm kiet, chht thai doc hgti ckng duqc tich lup m8i t r u h g liun cho s6 l u p g t i bao chit vugt s6 luqng t&bho m6i duqc tao thM - Cach k h b phpc: Sir dung phuong phap nu6i thy liien tpc, t h u h g xuyCn b6 sung chdt dinh d u h g vao m8i tnrtmg va liy luqng t u m g ducmg dich nu8i cdy I b/ - Virut c6 vat chit di truy&nla ARN 0,25 - Do ciu trbc cca ARN kdm bin v h g h m ADN nCn virut c6 vat chit di truy&nla ARN d$ phat sinh chc dot bi&nh m virut cb vgt chit di truy&nla ADN - Vi vey, virut c6 v@ c h b di truy&nla ARN d$ thay d6i d$c ttnh k h h g nguyien h m n6n nguui ta khdng th& tao dugc vhcxin phbng ch6ng chung c a u 3: - Sau liiy nhigm, ARN cua virut HIV x h nhep vao t&b b limpho T r6i phiCn ma nguqc ADN cua HIV vh ghvho ADN cda t&bao limpho T - ADN cda HIV chi huy bo may di truy&ncda t&bao limpho T chep, t8ng hgp protein sinh s h h h g loat HIV mwi, liun t&bao limpho T bi tan h h g loat, l h he th6ng mi& dich cda ngubi bi suy g i h nghiiem - Khi he thang mi$n dich cda ngubi bj suy g i h , cac vi sinh vat cco hoi sC Igi dung d&g&ymat s6 b@nhtruyin nhi$m ccr hoi nhu: Lao ph8i, ia chAy, vi@mph6i Cdu 4: - Oxi duqc tqo nhb qua trinh quang ph6n li nuac - Tu ncvi duqc ~o oxi phAi di qua mang + tilacotit, + m k g vA m b g ngoai lpc lap, + m b g t&b b d&ra kh6i t&bao CBu 5: a/N g h t&bao vAo dung djch, co th6 c6 hi+n tuqng xay ra: - N&Un8ng dung dich cao (dung djch uu tmong) t& bao bi mit nubc co nguyEn sinh - N&UnBng d$ dung dich thhp h m (dung dich nhugc tnrong) nu6c tir m6i tnxhg vao t&bao gly hiien tucpg tnrmg nu& - N&Un6ng dij dich t&bao va mbi t r u h g b h g (dung dich d h g tnrmg), luqng nubc vao bing nhau, t&bao kh6ng thay d6i th& tich b/ T&bAo sang co hien t u p g co nguyien sinh, t&bao ch&tkh6ng c6 hien t q m g co nguyCn sinh -+ 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,5 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25 0,25