PASSAGE 21 Another critical factor that plays a part in susceptibility to colds is age A study done by the University of Michigan School of Public Health revealed particulars that seem to hold true for the general population Infants are the most cold-ridden group, averaging more than six colds in their first year Boys have more colds than girls up to age three After the age of three, girls are more susceptible than boy's , and teenage girls average three colds a year to boy’s two The general incidence of continues to decline into maturity Elderly people who are in good health have as few as one or two colds annually One exception is founds among people in the twentics, especially women, who show a rise in cold infections, because people in this age group are most likely to have young children Adults who delay having children until thirties forties experience the same sudden increase in cold infections The study also found that economics play an important role As income increases, the frequency at which are reported in the family decreases Families with the lowest income suffer about a third more colds than families at the lower end Lower income generally forces people to live in more cramped quarters than those typically occupied by wealthier by wealthier people, and crowding increses the opportunities for the cold virus totravel from person to person Low income may also adversely influence diet The degree to which poor nutrition affects susceptibility to colds is not yet clearly established, but an inadequate diet is suspected of lowering resistance generally Question Which of the following is closet in meaning to the word “particulars” in line 22? A minor errors B specific facts C small distinctions D individual people Question What does the author claim about the study discussed in the passage? A It contains many inconsistencies B It specializes in children C It contradicts the results of earlier studies in the field D Its results apparently are relevant for the population as a whole Question It maybe inferred from the passage that which of the following groups of people is most likely to catch colds? A infant boys B young girls C teenage boys D elderly women Question There is information in the second paragraph of the passage to support which of the following conclusions? A Men are more susceptible to cold than women B Children infect their parents with colds C People who live in a cold climate have more colds than those who live in a warm one D People who don’t have children are more susceptible to colds than those who Question The phrase “in this age group” refers to A Infants B People in their twenties C People in their thirties and forties D Elderly people Question The author’s main purpose in writing the last paragraph of the passage is to A Explain how cold viruses are transmitted B Prove that a poor diet cause colds C Discuss the relationship between income and frequency of colds D Discuss the distribution of income among the people in the study Question The word “cramped” is closest in meaning to A Cheap B Crowded C depressing D simple Question The author’s tone in this passage could best be described as A Neutral and objective B Humorous C Tentative but interested D Highly critical ĐÁP ÁN 1-B 2-D 3-A 6-C 7-B 8-A 4-B 5-C LỜI GIẢI CHI TIẾT Question 1: Dịch nghĩa : Từ sát nghĩa với từ “particulars” dòng 22 ? A Lỗi nhỏ B Những kiện cụ thể C Những khác biệt nhỏ D Cá nhân Question 2: thông tin câu: “ revealed particulars that seem to hold true for the general population” = “relevant for the population as a whole.” Question 3: Giải thích : Đáp án nằm câu : “Boys have more colds than girls up to age three.” Dịch nghĩa : Có thể suy từ văn nhóm người có khả bị cảm lạnh cao ? A Trẻ sơ sinh nam B Những bạn gái trẻ C Những bạn trai vị thành niên D Phụ nữ có tuổi Question 4: Giải thích : Đáp án câu : “One exception is founds among people in the twentics, especially women, who show a rise in cold infections, because people in this age group are most likely to have young children.” Dịch nghĩa : Thông tin đoạn văn thứ đọc ủng hộ cho kết luận ? A Đàn ông dễ bị mắc cảm lạnh phụ nữ B Những đứa trẻ lây nhiễm bệnh cảm lạnh cho cha mẹ chúng C Những người sống miền lạnh nhiễm nhiều cảm lạnh người miền ấm D Những người khơng có nhạy cảm với cảm lạnh người có Question 5: Dịch nghĩa : Cụm từ “in this age group” ám : A Trẻ sơ sinh B Những người độ tuổi 20 C Những người độ tuổi 30 40 D Người già Question 6: Giải thích : Đáp án nằm : “As income increases, the frequency at which are reported in the family decreases Families with the lowest income suffer about a third more colds than families at the lower end.” Từ nghĩa hai câu trên, thấy, thu nhập gia đình tăng, báo cáo nhiễm cảm lạnh từ gia đình giảm; Những gia đình có thu nhập thấp nhiễm cảm lạnh nhiều 1/3 lần so với gia đình có thu nhập cao Dịch nghĩa : Mục đích tác giả viết đoạn cuối để : A Giải thích cách virus cảm lạnh truyền B Chứng minh chế độ ăn nghèo dinh dưỡng nguyên nhân gây cảm lạnh C Thảo luận mối quan hệ thu nhập mức độ thường xuyên nhiễm cảm lạnh D Thảo luận phân phối thu nhập người nghiên cứu Question 7: Dịch nghĩa : Từ “cramped” gần nghĩa với : A Rẻ B Đông đúc C Gây thất vọng Giải thích : cramped [krỉmpt] (a) = crowded : chập hẹp, tù túng (= đông đúc) Question 8: giọng văn mang tính khách quan D Đơn giản ...A Cheap B Crowded C depressing D simple Question The author’s tone in this passage could best be described as A Neutral and objective B Humorous C Tentative but interested