De thi dai hoc nam 2013 lan 2 mon Hoa hoc cua Nhat Ban De thi dai hoc nam 2013 lan 2 mon Hoa hoc cua Nhat Ban De thi dai hoc nam 2013 lan 2 mon Hoa hoc cua Nhat Ban De thi dai hoc nam 2013 lan 2 mon Hoa hoc cua Nhat Ban De thi dai hoc nam 2013 lan 2 mon Hoa hoc cua Nhat Ban De thi dai hoc nam 2013 lan 2 mon Hoa hoc cua Nhat Ban
(liter) 0◦ C 1.0 × 105 Pa (= 1.0 atm) (standard state) (ideal gas) 22.4 L/mol (molar volume) R = 8.31 × 103 Pa·L/(K·mol) (gas constant) (Avogadro constant) N A = 6.0 × 1023 /mol (Faraday constant) F = 9.65 × 104 C/mol (atomic weight) L H (ion) 1.0 C 12 (electron) N 14 O 16 Cl 35 Cu 64 (total number) F– CO H3O+ HCl NO O2 (atom) (proton) (charge) (atomic nucleus) (neutron) (mass number) 13 6C 16 8O 14 7N 19 9F 23 11Na 24 Mg 12 (a) (b) (a) (neutron) (b) (electron) (outermost shell electron) a b 13 6C 13 6C 16 8O 19 9F 23 11Na 24 12Mg 16 8O 23 11Na 14 7N 19 9F 14 7N 24 12Mg 4 (metallic element) (nonmetallic element) first ionization energy CO2 (polar molecule) (polarity) F (electronaffinity) O (electronegativity) (atom) (mass percent concentration)20% (anion) HClaq mol/L (density) 1.1 g/cm3 0.51 mol/L 0.61 mol/L 1.2 mol/L 5.1 mol/L 6.1 mol/L 12 mol/L H2 1.5mol (airtight container) I2 1.5mol HI 2.4mol (equilibrium state) H2 + I2 HI (equilibrium constant) 10 16 20 C2H2 32 C2H6 H2 40 64 (heat of combustion) (thermochemical equation) C2H2 C2H6 O 2 O + 2 = CO2 + H2 2.60g + + H2 O = CO2 O 2 + 1300 kJ + H2O = H2O + 1560 kJ + 286 kJ (addition) (heat) kJ −312 kJ −31.2 kJ −26.0 kJ 26.0 kJ 31.2 kJ 312 kJ (airtight container) 130◦ C P1 (vaporization) ( ) 100◦ C (argon) P2 (amount of substance) 100◦ C (vapor pressure) PV (ideal gas) 130◦ C 373 × P2 −1 403 × (P1 − PV ) 403 × P2 −1 373 × (P1 − PV ) 373 × P1 −1 403 × (P2 − PV ) 403 × P1 −1 373 × (P2 − PV ) 373 × (P2 − PV ) −1 403 × P1 403 × (P2 − PV ) −1 373 × P1 (acidic aqueous solution) pH 0.10 mol/L 0.010 mol/L (acetic acid) (nitric acid) 0.020 mol/L (phosphoric acid) 0.030 mol/L (hydrochloric acid) 0.030 mol/L (sulfuric acid) 10 (electrode) (electrolytic solution) (electrolysis) pH 10 11 (cathode) (anode) Cu Pt Pt C Pt C (II) Pt Pt dil.H2SO4 CuSO4aq (II) NaClaq CuCl2aq (oxide) 11 NO2 (acidity) MgO P4O10 (basicity) SO2 Al2O3 12 (strong base) SO2 12 Cu conc.H2SO4 FeS S dil.H2SO4 (combustion) Na2SO3 H2S (reducing action) (bleaching agent) 13 Cu 0.16g (II)CuO (oxidation) 0.19 g (mass) g 13 0.0080 g 14 0.010 g A 0.030 g 0.032 g B 0.040 g A 0.050g (oxidizing agent) 14 A B Zn dil.HCl H2O2aq KMnO4 (IV)MnO2 (IV)MnO2 CaCO3 15 A H2O2aq conc.HCl dil.HCl (metal ion) B B 15 A + Ag 3+ Al Ba 2+ Ca 2+ 2+ Cu 2+ Cu B 3+ Fe 2+ Cu Pb dil.HCl NH3aq (excess amount) 2+ (NH4)2SO4aq + (NH4)2CO3aq Na 3+ Fe H2S (acidity) 2+ Zn NaOHaq 16 (organic compound) (isomer) 16 (xylene) (lactic acid) (optical isomer) (ethanol) (diethyl ether) (ethylene(ethene)) (hexane) 17 (acetylene(ethyne)) (cyclohexane) (acyclic hydrocarbon)1.0 g (unsaturated bond) H2 (addition) 17 C2H4 C3H6 18 (alkene) C4H6 Br2 C5H8 C6H12 (addition) (asymmetric carbonatom) 18 CH2 CH CH2 CH3 CH2 C CH2 C CH3 CH3 CH3 CH C CH3 CH3 CH3 CH C CH3 CH3 CH2 CH3 CH2 CH3 19 (carboxylic acid) 19 (acetic acid) (condensation reaction) (ethanol) (oxidation) (benzoic acid) (toluene) (lactic acid) (silver mirror test) (maleic acid) (oxalic acid) (acetic anhydride) (fumaric acid) (cis-trans isomer) (dicarboxylic acid) 20 (ester bond) 20 (polyacrylonitrile) (polyethylene) (poly(ethylene terephthalate)) (poly(vinyl chloride)) 66(6,6- )(nylon 6,6) ... (thermochemical equation) C2H2 C2H6 O 2 O + 2 = CO2 + H2 2. 60g + + H2 O = CO2 O 2 + 1300 kJ + H2O = H2O + 1560 kJ + 28 6 kJ (addition) (heat) kJ −3 12 kJ −31 .2 kJ ? ?26 .0 kJ 26 .0 kJ 31 .2 kJ 3 12 kJ (airtight... mol/L 5.1 mol/L 6.1 mol/L 12 mol/L H2 1.5mol (airtight container) I2 1.5mol HI 2. 4mol (equilibrium state) H2 + I2 HI (equilibrium constant) 10 16 20 C2H2 32 C2H6 H2 40 64 (heat of combustion)... 0.0 32 g B 0.040 g A 0.050g (oxidizing agent) 14 A B Zn dil.HCl H2O2aq KMnO4 (IV)MnO2 (IV)MnO2 CaCO3 15 A H2O2aq conc.HCl dil.HCl (metal ion) B B 15 A + Ag 3+ Al Ba 2+ Ca 2+ 2+ Cu 2+ Cu B 3+ Fe 2+