Thiết kế và thi công bãi đỗ xe tự động sử dụng vi điều khiển MSP430G2553

.+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP ĈҤI HӐ&Ĉ¬1 ҸNG 75Ѭ Ӡ1*Ĉ ҤI HӐ&6Ѭ3+ ҤM KHOA VҰ7/é WX Ĉ͉WjL THIӂT Kӂ9¬7+,&Ð1*%­,Ĉ ӚXE TӴ ĈӜNG SӰ DӨ1*9,Ĉ, ӄU KHIӆN MSP430G2553 1Jѭ ӡi thӵc hiӋ n : PHҤM THӎHIӄN NGA MAI THӎTUYӂ71*Ỉ1 Lӟp : 10CVL KRi : 2010 - 2014 1JjQK : VҰ7/é+ ӐC 1Jѭ ӡLKѭ ӟng dүn : ThS PHҤ0;8Ỉ17581* .+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP /Ӡ,&Ҧ0Ѫ1 Sau nhӳQJ QăPӗ WKiQJ L WUrQ ӃQKj QJ JK ӡQJ WUѭ FK~QJ ӧc hӑ W{L c tұ S Yj ÿm ÿ tiӃ p thu nhiӅ u kiӃ n thӭc mӟi tӯsӵchӍbҧ o tұ QWuQKF ӫDTXêWK ҫ \F{FQJY ӟi sӵJL~S ÿ ӥcӫa bҥ QEqÿk\OjNKR ҧ ng thӡLJLDQÿ ҫ \êQJKƭDÿ ӕi vӟLFK~QJW{L KyDOX ұ n tӕ t nghiӋ p UD ӡQJ WUѭӅ Oj n tҧ ng Q quan trӑQJ Yj ҩ uÿiQK mӝ Wӟ Eѭ c ngoһ G c mӟi cuӝ Fÿ ӡi cӫ a mӛLFK~QJW{L &K~QJ W{L [LQFKkQWKjQKF ҧ PѫQ EDQOmQKÿ ҥ o Khoa Vұ W/êWUѭ ӡQJĈ ҥ i Hӑ F6ѭ Phҥ m ±Ĉҥ i HӑFĈj1 ҹ QJÿmW ҥ RÿL Ӆ u kiӋ QFKRFK~QJ W{L thӵc hiӋ Qÿ ӅWjLOX ұ n văQ tӕt nghiӋ SQj\ &K~QJW{L[LQEj\W ӓOzQJEL Ӄ WѫQFKkQWKjQKÿ Ӄ n thҫ y Phҥ P;XkQ7UXQJ khoa ĈL Ӌ n TӱViӉ Q7K{QJ ±WUѭ ӡng Ĉҥ i HӑF%iFK.KRD Ĉj1 ҹ QJWUrQFѭѫQJ ӏOjQJѭ ӡi Kѭ ӟng dү Qÿ ӅWjLÿmW ұ QWuQKFK Ӎbҧ RYjW ҥ RÿL Ӆ u kiӋ QFKRFK~QJW{LK tӕt ÿ ӅWjL &K~QJW{LFNJQJ[LQFKkQWKjQKF ҧ PѫQFiFWK ҫ \F{WURQJNKRD9 ұ W/êJLDÿ FQJW ҩ t cҧbҥ QEqÿmJL~Sÿ ӥÿyQJJySêNL Ӄ QYjNLQKQJKL Ӌ PTXêEiXWUR ӕ t TXiWUuQKFK~QJW{LWK ӵc hiӋ Qÿ ӅWjL &K~QJW{L[LQFKkQWKjQKF ҧ m ѫQ ! 7SĈj1 ҹ QJQJj\WKiQJ SLQKYLrQWK ӵc hiӋ n: Phҥ m ThӏHiӅ n Nga Mai ThӏTuyӃ W1JkQ .+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP /Ӡ,&$0Ĉ2$1 7{L[LQFDPÿRDQ/X ұ QYăQQj\OjF{QJWUuQKQJKL ӭu thӵc sӵcӫDFiQ KkQ ÿѭ ӧc thӵc hiӋ QGѭ ӟi sӵKѭ ӟng dү n cӫa thҫ y Phҥ P;XkQ7UXQJ CiFV ӕliӋ XYjN Ӄ t quҧtrong luұ QYăQQj\OjWUXQJWK ӵFYjFKѭDW ӯQJÿѭ ӧFF{QJ bӕGѭ ӟi bҩ t cӭKuQKWK ӭFQjR 7{L[LQFK ӏ XKRjQWRjQP ӑ LWUiFKQKL Ӌ m vӅnӝLGXQJQJKLrQF ӭu cӫDPuQK 7SĈj1 ҹ QJQJj\WKiQJ SLQKYLrQWK ӵc hiӋ n: Phҥ m ThӏHiӅ n Nga Mai ThӏTuyӃ W1JkQ .+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP 0Ө&/Ө& LӠI CҦ0Ѫ1 LӠ,&$0Ĉ2$1 MӨC LӨC '$1+6È&++Ỵ1+ '$1+6È&+% ҦNG BIӆU TӮ VIӂT TҲT LӠ,1Ï,Ĉ ҪU 10 7Ï07 ҲT NӜ,'81*Ĉ ӄ7¬, 11 &+ѬѪ1*&Ѫ6 Ӣ /é7+8< ӂT Vӄ9,Ĉ, ӄU KHIӆN MSP430G2553 12 1.1 Giӟi thiӋ u: 12 1.2 Tәng quan vӅYLÿL Ӆ u khiӇ n MSP430: 12 1.2.1 NhӳQJÿ һ FWtQKF ӫ DGzQJ063 12 1.2.2 Cҩ XWU~FFKXQJF ӫa MSP430: 14 1.2.3 Mӝt sӕkiӇ XFKkQF ӫ a MSP430: 14 1.3 Tәng quan vӅYLÿL Ӆ u khiӇ n MSP430G2553: 16 &iFNK ӕ i chӭFQăQJF ӫDYLÿL Ӆ u khiӇ n MSP430G2553: 16 6ѫÿ ӗFKkQYLÿL Ӆ u khiӇ n MSP430G2553: .17 1.3.3 Tәchӭc bӝnhӟ: 21 1.3.4 Khӕi xӱOêWUXQJWkP&38  22 1.3.5 Bӝtҥ o xung nhӏ p: .24 &iFWKDQKJKLFyFK ӭc QăQJÿ һ c biӋ t: .25 1.3.7 Bӝÿӏ nh thӡi: .26 1.4 KӃ t luұ n: 32 &+ѬѪ1*  Ӣ /é &Ѫ7+8< ӂ7 È1+ 6È1* ӖNG NGOҤ + , 9¬ ӬNG DӨNG LED THU - 3+È7+ ӖNG NGOҤI 33 2.1 Giӟi thiӋ u: 33 .+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP .KiLQL Ӌ PiQKViQJK ӗng ngoҥ i (tia hӗng ngoҥ i): 33 1JX\rQOêWKX ±SKiWK ӗ ng ngoҥ i: 33 2.3.1 Phҫ QSKiW 34 2.3.2 Phҫ n thu: 35 2.4 NguӗQSKiWiQKViQJK ӗ ng ngoҥ i: 36 2.5 NguӗQWKXiQKViQJK ӗng ngoҥ i: 37 2.6 LED thu ±SKiWK ӗng ngoҥ i: 37 2.6.1 /('SKiWK ӗng ngoҥ i: 37 2.6.2 LED thu hӗng ngoҥ i: 38 1JX\rQOêKR ҥ Wÿ ӝ QJYj ӭng dөng: 38 2.7 KӃ t luұ n: 38 &+ѬѪ1*7+, ӂT Kӂ%­,Ĉ Ӛ XE TӴ ĈӜNG 39 Ĉ һ t vҩ Qÿ Ӆ : 39 6ѫÿ ӗkhӕi hӋthӕQJEmLÿ ӛxe tӵÿӝng: 39 3.3 ThiӃ t kӃmҥ FKQJX\rQOê 40 6ѫÿ ӗQJX\rQOêNK ӕi hiӇ n thӏ/('ÿR ҥ n: .41 /('ÿR ҥ n: .41 3.3.1.2 IC 74HC595: .44 3.3.2 6ѫÿ ӗQJX\rQOêNK ӕLYLÿL Ӆ u khiӇ n: .47 6ѫÿ ӗQJX\rQOêNK ӕLÿL Ӆ u khiӇ Qÿ ӝQJFѫ .47 3.3.4 6ѫÿ ӗQJX\rQOêNK ӕi cҧ m biӃ n: .49 6ѫÿ ӗngX\rQOêNK ӕi nguӗn: 50 /ѭXÿ ӗthuұ WWRiQ 52 7KLF{QJP{KuQK 53 KӂT LUҰ19¬+Ѭ Ӟ1*3+È775, ӆN 55 7¬,/, ӊU THAM KHҦO 56 PHӨLӨC 57 .+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP '$1+6È&++Ỵ1+ +uQK : Cҩ XWU~FFKXQJF ӫa MSP430 +uQK 9LÿL Ӆ u khiӇ n MSP430G2553 +uQK 6ѫÿ ӗkhӕ i chӭFQăQJF ӫ DYLÿL Ӆ u khiӇ n MSP430G2553 +uQK 6ѫÿ ӗFKkQF ӫ DYLÿL Ӆ u khiӇ n MSP430G2553 +uQK %XVÿ ӏ a chӍYjFiF{QK ӟ +uQK : BӝnhӟcӫDYLÿL Ӆ u khiӇ n MSP430G2553 +uQK : KiӃ QWU~F5,6&F ӫa CPU +uQK &iFWKDQKJKLF ӫa CPU +uQK : Bӝtҥ o xung nhӏ p +uQK 6ѫÿ ӗkhӕ i cӫ a Timer_A +uQK : Cӡngҳ t chӃÿӝVRViQKYjOѭXWU ӳ +uQK 6ѫÿ ӗkhӕ i cӫ a Timer_B +uQK /('SKiWK ӗ ng ngoҥ i +uQK : LED thu hӗng ngoҥ i +uQK 6ѫÿ ӗQJX\rQOêWRjQP ҥ ch +uQK 6ѫÿ ӗQJX\rQOêNK ӕi hiӇ n thӏ/('ÿR ҥ n +uQK /('ÿR ҥ n +uQK /('ÿR ҥ n vӟi Anode ±Kathode chung +uQK : IC74HC595 +uQK 6ѫÿ ӗFKkQ,&+& .+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP +uQK 6ѫÿ ӗQJX\rQOêNK ӕi vi ÿL Ӆ u khiӇ n +uQK 6ѫÿ ӗQJX\rQOêNK ӕLÿL Ӆ u khiӇ Qÿ ӝ QJFѫ +uQK Ĉ ӝQJFѫ6HUYR +uQK : Cҩ u tҥ o cӫDÿ ӝ QJFѫ6HUYR +uQK6ѫÿ ӗQJX\rQOêNK ӕi nguӗn +uQK6ѫÿ ӗlayout mҥ FKÿL Ӆ u khiӇ QWUXQJWkP +uQK 6ѫÿ ӗbӕWUtOLQKNL Ӌ n mҥ FKÿL Ӆ u khiӇ QWUXQJWkP +uQK0{KuQKEmLÿ ӛxe tӵÿӝ ng .+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP '$1+6È&+%Ҧ1*%,ӆ8 Bҧ ng 1.1: Bҧ ng liӋ WNrFiFWKDQKJKLÿL Ӆ u khiӇ n Timer_A Bҧ ng 1.2: Bҧ ng liӋ WNrFiFWKDQKJKLF ӫa Timer_B Bҧ ng 3.1: Bҧ ng giҧ LPm/(' ÿR ҥ n Anode chung Bҧ ng 3.2: Bҧ ng giҧ LPm/('ÿR ҥ n Cathode chung .+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP 7Ӯ9,ӂ77Ҳ7 PC : Program Counter MSP : Mixed Signal Microcontroller LED : Light Emitters Diode SP : Stack Pointer CPU : Central Processing Unit RAM : Random Access Memory ROM : Read Only Memory UART : Universal Asinchonus Receiver Transmitter ADC : Analog Digital Converte IC : Integrated Circuit SR : Status Register MCU : Micro Controller Unit WDT : Watchdog Timer DCO : Digitally Controlled Oscillator CG : Constant Generator PWM : Pulse Width Modulation ALU : Arithmetics Logic Unit SPI : Serial Peripheral Bus DVD : Digital Versatile Disc RICS : Reduced Instruction Set Computer LCD : Liquid Crystal Display *Li trӏcӫa JKL7$5FyWK Ӈÿѭ ӧc ghi hoһ Fÿ ӑ c bӣi phҫ n mӅ P1yFyNK ҧQăQJW ҥ o mӝ t ngҳ WNKLÿ Ӄ PWUjQ 7KDQK JKL thӇbӏ 7$5 [Ri Fy NKL VHW Ӌ cELW set bit 7$&/ 7$&/5ÿ ӗng thӡLFNJQJ[RiJLiWU ӏlӵa chӑn cho bӝchia xung hoһ c chӃ ÿ ӝÿ Ӄ POrQKD\ÿ Ӄ m xuӕng x Lӵa chӑ n nguӗQ[XQJYjE ӝchia xung: 7LPHU Ӈlӵ Fy a chӑnWK nguӗn tӯxung tӯACLK, SMCLK hoһ c sӱ dөng nguӗn xung nJRjLWK{QJTXD7$&/.KR һ c INCLK Nguӗ n xung ÿѭ ӧc lӵa chӑ n nhӡELW7$66(/[&iF ӗQ[XQJÿѭ ӧc chӑ QFyWK QJXӇ ÿmÿѭ ӧc chia 2, hoһ c BӝFKLD[XQJÿѭ ӧc reset set bit TACLK x tFKKR ҥ t Timer: 7LPHUFyWK Ӈÿѭ ӧFNtFKKR ҥ t hoһ FNtFKKR ҥ t lҥ i bҵ QJFiFFiFKV 27 .+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP - 7LPHUÿ Ӄ PNKL0&;!YjQJX ӗ Q[XQJÿmNtFKKR ҥ t - KL7LPHUÿDQJKR ҥ Wÿ ӝng ӣchӃÿ ӝÿӃ POrQKR һ Fÿ Ӄ m xuӕ QJFy thӇdӯng Timer bҵ QJFiFKJKL7$&& R0=0, Timer sӁNtFKKR ҥ t trӣlҥ i NKLJLiWU ӏJKLYjR7$&&5NKiF*LiWU ӏÿ Ӄ POrQV Ӂbҳ Wÿ ҫ u tӯ0 x &iFFK Ӄÿ ӝhoҥ Wÿ ӝng cӫa Timer: Timer hoҥ Wÿ ӝng ӣ4 chӃÿӝ : chӃÿӝdӯng, chӃÿӝÿӃ POrQFK Ӄÿӝ tiӃ p tө c, chӃÿ ӝÿ Ӄ POrQ[X ӕng x &iFQJ ҳ t cӫa Timer_A: &yKDLQJ ҳ Wÿѭ ӧc tҥ o Timer_A: - Vector ngҳ t TACCR0 cho TRCCR0 CCIFG - Vector ngҳ t TAIV cho tҩ t cҧFiFF ӡngҳ W&&,)*NKiFYj Trong chӃÿ ӝOѭXWU ӳ&&,)*ÿѭ ӧFVHWNKLJLiWU ӏcӫDWLPHUÿѭ ӧFOѭX trӳdo ghi TACCRx Trong chӃÿӝVR ViQK ҩ W Nu ӡCCIFG E F ÿѭ ӧc set nӃ X7$5ÿ Ӄ m tӟLJLiWU ӏ7$&&5[&yWK Ӈsӱdөng phҫ n mӅ m ÿ Ӈset hoһ F[RiE ҩ WNuF ӡngҳ W&&,)*QjR7 ҩ t cҧFiFF ӡngҳ t CCIFG \rXF ҫ u mӝ t ngҳ WNKLELW&&,(Yj*,(ÿѭ ӧc set Ngҳ W 7$&&5 &&,)* ҳ t cӫD 7LPHUB$ Oj QJ mӭF ѭX Fy WLrQ nhҩ t Cӡngҳ t TACCR0 CCIFG tӵÿ ӝng reset ngҳ W7$&&5ÿѭ ӧc phөc vө +uQK& ӡngҳt chӃÿӝVRViQKYjOѭXWU ӳ 28 .+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP x 7KDQKJKLÿL Ӆ u khiӇ n Timer_A: Bҧng 1.1: Bҧng liӋ WNrFiFWKDQKJKLÿL Ӆ u khiӇ n Timer_A Register Short Form Register Address Initial State type Timer_A control TACTL Read/write 0160h Reset with POR Timer_A counter TAR Read/write 0170h Reset with POR Timer_A capture/compare control TACCTL0 Read/write 0162h Reset with POR Timer_A capture/compare TACCR0 Read/write 0172h Reset with POR Timer_A capture/compare control TACCTL1 Read/write 0164h Reset with POR Timer_A capture/compare TACCR1 Read/write 0174h Reset with POR Timer_A capture/compare control TACCTL2 Read/write 0166h Reset with POR Timer_A capture/compare TACCR2 Read/write 0176h Reset with POR Timer_A interrup vector TAIV Read/write 012Eh Reset with POR ™ Timer_B: 7LPHUB% ӝÿ ӏ nhOj thӡL E ELW Ӈhoҥ W ӝ Fy ng ÿӣ2WK chӃÿ ӝ7LPHU Yj &RXQWHU 7LPHUB% ӭQJ ÿD ӭF FK QăQJ ÿiS FDSWXUHVR ViQK FNJQJFyNK ҧQăQJW ҥ o ngҳ WNKLQyÿ Ӄ PWUjQKR һ FFiFWKDQKJKL ViQK x Ĉһ FWtQK - /jP ӝ W7LPHU&RXQWHUELWNK{QJÿ ӗng bӝvӟi chӃÿӝhoҥ Wÿ ӝng - &yWK Ӈlӵa chӑ QYjF ҩ XKuQKQJX ӗ n xung - &yW ӯ3 tӟLWKDQKJKLFyWK Ӈcҩ XKuQKFDSWXUHFRPSD - Cҩ XKuQKÿ ҫ u vӟi chӃÿӝPWM - Chӕ WQJ}YjRYjQJ}UDNK{QJÿ ӗng bӝ 29 .+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP +uQK6ѫÿ ӗkhӕi cӫa Timer_B 30 .+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP x &iFWKDQKJKLF ӫ a Timer_B: Bҧ ng 1.2: Bҧng liӋ WNrFiFWKDQKJKLF ӫa Timer_B Register Short Form Register Address Initial State type Timer_B control TBCTL Read/write 0180h Reset with POR Timer_B counter TBR Read/write 0190h Reset with POR Timer_B capture/compare control TBCCTL0 Read/write 0182h Reset with POR Timer_B capture/compare TBCCR0 Read/write 0192h Reset with POR Timer_B capture/compare control TBCCTL1 Read/write 0184h Reset with POR Timer_B capture/compare TBCCR1 Read/write 0194h Reset with POR Timer_B capture/compare control TBCCTL2 Read/write 0186h Reset with POR Timer_B capture/compare TBCCR2 Read/write 0196h Reset with POR Timer_B capture/compare control TBCCTL3 Read/write 0188h Reset with POR Timer_B capture/compare TBCCR3 Read/write 0198h Reset with POR Timer_B capture/compare control TBCCTL4 Read/write 018Ah Reset with POR Timer_B capture/compare TBCCR4 Read/write 019Ah Reset with POR Timer_B capture/compare control TBCCTL5 Read/write 018Ch Reset with POR Timer_B capture/compare TBCCR5 Read/write 019Ch Reset with POR Timer_B capture/compare control TBCCTL6 Read/write 018Eh Reset with POR Timer_B capture/compare TBCCR6 Read/write 019Eh Reset with POR Timer_B interrupt vector TBIV Read only 011Eh Reset with POR x &iFFK Ӄÿ ӝhoҥ Wÿ ӝng cӫa Timer_B: Timer_B hoҥ Wÿ ӝ ng ӣ4 chӃÿӝ : chӃ ÿ ӝdӯng, chӃÿӝÿ Ӄ POrQFK ӃÿӝOLrQW ө c, chӃÿ ӝÿӃ POrQ[X ӕng x &iFQJ ҳ t cӫa Timer_B: &yKDLQJ ҳ Wÿѭ ӧc tҥ o Timer_B: - Vector ngҳ t TBCCR0 cho TBCCR0 CCIFG - Vector ngҳ t TBIV cho tҩ t cҧFiFF ӡngҳ W&&,)*NKiFYj7 Vector ngҳ W 7%&&5 ҳ WOj Fy ӭF ӝ QJ P ÿ ѭX WLrQ ҩ t FDR Timer_B QK tҥ o Cӡngҳ t TBCCR0 CCIFG tӵÿӝ ng reset ngҳ W7%&&5ÿѭ ӧc phөc vө 31 .+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP x Hoҥ Wÿ ӝng cӫa Timer_B: Timer hoҥ Wÿ ӝ ng ӣchӃÿӝCounter Khi hoҥ Wÿ ӝng ӣchӃÿ ӝÿӃ PJLi trӏWKDQKJKL7%5WăQJKR һ c giҧ m theo cҥ QKOrQF ӫa xung clock Thanh JKL7%5FyWK Ӈghi hoһ Fÿ ӑF7LPHUB%FyWK Ӈtҥ o ngҳ WNKLÿ Ӄ PWUjQ 7KDQK JKL 7%5 Ӈÿѭ ӧF FNJQJ [Ri ҵ ng ciFK Fy E WK VHW ELW KLELWQj\ÿѭ ӧFVHWÿ ӗng thӡLFNJQJUHVHWO ҥ LJLiWU ӏcӫa bӝFKLDYjJ trӏÿӃ m ĈӝGjL WKDQK JKL ҩ S FKR 7%5 7LPHU ;XQJ Ӈlҩ y tӯnguӗ Fy Fn WK xung ACLK hoһ c SMCLK hoһ c tӯnguӗQ[XQJQJRjL7%&/ ӗn [XQJÿѭ ӧc lӵa chӑn nhӡbit TBSSELx, nguӗ Q[XQJÿѭ ӧc lӵa chӑ QFy thӇÿmÿѭ ӧc chӍWUѭ ӟc 2, hoһ F*LiWU ӏcӫa bӝchia bӏreset set bit TBCLR x tFKKR ҥ t Timer: 7LPHUFyWK Ӈÿѭ ӧc khӣLÿ ӝng hoһ c khӣLÿ ӝng lҥ i bҵ QJFiFFiFKV 7LPHUÿ Ӄ m MCx >YjQJX ӗ n xung clock hoҥ Wÿ ӝng + Khi timer hoҥ Wÿ ӝng ӣmӝ t hai chӃÿ ӝXSXSGRZQ Ӈ dӯng hoҥ Wÿ ӝ ng cӫa timer bҵ QJFiFKÿ һ W7%&/ 7LPHU ӧFNtFK hoҥ t trӣlҥ LNKLJLiWU ӏQj\NKiF.KLNtFKKR ҥ t trӣlҥ LJLiWU ӏcӫa timer bҳ Wÿ ҫ u tӯ0 1.4 KӃ t luұ n: 1KѭY ұ y qXDFKѭѫQJQj\ FK~QJWDÿmWuPKLӇXÿѭӧFP GzQJYLÿLӅXNKLӇQ063FөWKӇKѫQ WuPKLӇX ÿѭӧFFҩXWU~FÿһF OêKRҥWÿӝQJFNJQJQKѭFKӭFQăQJWӯQJF G2553 32 .+2È/8 ҰN TӔT NGHIӊP &+ѬѪ1*&Ѫ6Ӣ/é7+8