Preview Lets Review Regents Chemistry—Physical Setting (Barrons Regents NY), Revised Edition by Albert S. Tarendash (2020) Preview Lets Review Regents Chemistry—Physical Setting (Barrons Regents NY), Revised Edition by Albert S. Tarendash (2020) Preview Lets Review Regents Chemistry—Physical Setting (Barrons Regents NY), Revised Edition by Albert S. Tarendash (2020) Preview Lets Review Regents Chemistry—Physical Setting (Barrons Regents NY), Revised Edition by Albert S. Tarendash (2020)
Let’s Review Regents: Chemistry—Physical Setting Revised Edition Albert S Tarendash, M.S Assistant Principal—Supervision (Retired) Department of Chemistry and Physics Stuyvesant High School New York, New York Chemistry/Physics Faculty (Retired) The Frisch School Paramus, New Jersey Table of Contents Barron’s Review Course Series: Let’s Review: Chemistry—The Physical Setting Cover Title Page Copyright Information Preface To the Student To the Teacher Introduction to Chemistry Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 1.1 Chemistry Is ? 1.2 Matter and Energy 1.3 Measurement and the Metric System 1.4 Metric Prefixes 1.5 Scientific Notation 1.6 Volume and Density 1.7 Reporting Measured Quantities 1.8 Solving Problems End-of-Chapter Questions Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 2.1 Introduction to the Atomic Model of Matter 2.2 Development of the Early Models of the Atom 2.3 The Current View of Atomic Structure 2.4 Identifying Elements: Names, Symbols, and Atomic Numbers 2.5 Neutrons, Isotopes, and Mass Numbers 2.6 Molecules 2.7 Ions End-of-Chapter Questions Formulas, Equations, and Chemical Reactions Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 3.1 Chemical Formulas 3.2 Writing and Naming Chemical Formulas 3.3 Chemical Equations 3.4 Balancing a Chemical Equation 3.5 Classifying Chemical Reactions Section II—Additional Material 3.1A Other Ways of Naming Ionic Compounds End-of-Chapter Questions Chemical Calculations Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 4.1 Introduction 4.2 Average Atomic Mass 4.3 The Formula Mass of a Substance 4.4 The Mole Concept and Molar Mass 4.5 Problems Involving a Single Substance 4.6 Problems Involving Chemical Equations Section II—Additional Material 4.1A Converting Between Moles and Numbers of Particles 4.2A Empirical Formula from Percent Composition 4.3A Mole-Mass Problems 4.4A Mass-Mass Problems 4.5A Percent Yield 4.6A Limiting Reactants End-of-Chapter Questions Energy and Chemical Reactions Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 5.1 Energy and Its Measurement 5.2 Heat of Reaction 5.3 Potential Energy Diagrams 5.4 Spontaneous Reactions Section II—Additional Material 5.1A Additional calorimetry problems 5.2A Transfer of Energy and Equilibrium Temperature 5.3A The Role of Energy in Chemical Reactions 5.4A Additional Aspects of Heats of Reaction 5.5A The Second Law of Thermodynamics End-of-Chapter Questions The Phases of Matter Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Gases 6.3 The Gas Laws 6.4 The Kinetic-Molecular Theory (KMT) of Gas Behavior 6.5 Liquids 6.6 Solids 6.7 Change of Phase Section II—Additional Material 6.1A Measuring Gas Pressure in the Laboratory 6.2A The Ideal (Universal) Gas Law 6.3A The Density of an Ideal Gas at STP 6.4A Gases and Chemical Reactions 6.5A Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures 6.6A Graham’s Law of Effusion (Diffusion) 6.7A Gases Collected over Water 6.8A Additional Fusion and Vaporization Problems 6.9A Phase Diagrams End-of-Chapter Questions Nuclear Chemistry Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 7.1 Nuclear Particles 7.2 Nuclear Equations 7.3 Natural Radioactivity and Radioactive Decay 7.4 Half-Life 7.5 Uses of Radioisotopes 7.6 Induced Nuclear Reactions Section II—Additional Material 7.1A The Uranium-238 Decay Series 7.2A Isomeric Transition 7.3A Detection and Measurement of Radioactivity 7.4A Solving Radioactive Decay Problems 7.5A Particle Accelerators 7.6A Fission Reactors End-of-Chapter Questions The Electronic Structure of Atoms Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 8.1 Introduction 8.2 The Bohr Model of the Atom 8.3 The Modern (Wave-Mechanical) Model 8.4 Valence Electrons 8.5 Lewis Structures (Electron-Dot Diagrams) Section II—Additional Material 8.1A Atomic Orbitals and Sublevels 8.2A Electron Configurations of Atoms 8.3A Lewis Structures and Atomic Orbitals End-of-Chapter Questions Chemical Periodicity Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 9.1 Introduction 9.2 The Periodic Table in History 9.3 The Modern Periodic Table 9.4 Properties Associated with Periodicity 9.5 Variation of Periodic Properties Among the Elements 9.6 The Chemistry of the Representative Groups 9.7 The Chemistry of a Period Section II—Additional Material 9.1A Sublevels and the Periodic Table 9.2A Successive Ionization Energies 9.3A Electron Affinity 9.4A Additional Aspects of First Ionization Energy 9.5A Variation of Successive Ionization Energies 9.6A Synthetic Elements End-of-Chapter Questions 10 Chemical Bonding and Molecular Shape Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 10.1 Bonding and Stability 10.2 Ionic Bonding 10.3 Covalent Bonding 10.4 Electronegativity and Bonding 10.5 Drawing the Lewis Structures of Covalent Molecules and Polyatomic Ions 10.6 Network Solids 10.7 Metallic Substances 10.8 Dipoles and Polar Molecules 10.9 Polarity and Molecular Symmetry 10.10 Intermolecular Forces 10.11 Physical and Chemical Properties of Bonded Substances: A Summary Section II—Additional Material 10.1A Resonance Structures 10.2A Additional Topics in Bonding End-of-Chapter Questions 11 Organic Chemistry Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 11.1 Organic Chemistry Is ? 11.2 Comparison of Organic and Inorganic Compounds 11.3 Hydrocarbons and Homologous Series 11.4 Functional Groups 11.5 Organic Reactions Section II—Additional Material 11.1A Stereoisomerism 11.2A The Benzene Series 11.3A Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary Alcohols 11.4A Dihydroxy and Trihydroxy Alcohols 11.5A Types of Polymerization End-of-Chapter Questions 12 Solutions and Their Properties Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 12.1 A Solution Is ? 12.2 Saturated and Unsaturated Solutions 12.3 Solubility 12.4 Concentrations of Solutions 12.5 Effect of the Solute on the Solvent 12.6 Behavior of Electrolytes in Solution Section II—Additional Material 12.1A Mole Fraction 12.2A Molality 12.3A Dilution of Stock Solutions 12.4A Solutions and Chemical Equations 12.5A Calculating the Freezing and Boiling Points of Solutions 12.6A Suspensions and Colloidal Dispersions End-of-Chapter Questions 13 Kinetics and Equilibrium Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 13.1 Chemical Kinetics 13.2 Reversible Reactions and Dynamic Equilibrium 13.3 Phase Equilibrium 13.4 Solution Equilibrium 13.5 Chemical Equilibrium Section II—Additional Material 13.1A The Common-Ion Effect 13.2A Heterogeneous Equilibrium 13.3A The Equilibrium Constant (Keq) 13.4A Problems Involving the Equilibrium Constant 13.5A Applications of Chemical Equilibrium End-of-Chapter Questions 14 Acids and Bases Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 14.1 Operational Definitions of Acids and Bases 14.2 Arrhenius Definitions of Acids and Bases 14.3 Acid–Base Titration 14.4 Brønsted–Lowry Definitions of Acids and Bases 14.5 The pH Scale of Acidity and Basicity 14.6 Acid–Base Indicators Section II—Additional Material 14.1A Amphiprotic (Amphoteric) Substances 14.2A Acid–Base Equilibria 14.3A Conjugate Acid–Base Pairs 14.4A Neutralization (Revisited) 14.5A Strengths of Conjugate Acid–Base Pairs 14.6A Ionization Constants of Acids and Bases (Ka and Kb) 14.7A Ionization Constant of Water (Kw) 14.8A A More Detailed Look at pH and pOH 14.9A Hydrolysis of Salts in Aqueous Solutions 14.10A Acid–Base Properties of Oxides 14.11A Lewis Definitions of Acids and Bases End-of-Chapter Questions 15 Reduction-Oxidation (Redox) and Electrochemistry Section I—Basic (Regents-Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 15.1 What are Oxidation and Reduction? 15.2 Formal Definitions of Oxidation and Reduction 15.3 Redox Equations 15.4 Spontaneous Redox Reactions 15.5 Electrochemical Cells Section II—Additional Material 15.1A Balancing Redox Equations by the Half-Reaction Method 15.2A Balancing Redox Equations by the Ion–Electron Method 15.3A Half-Cell Potentials and Cell Voltage 15.4A The Standard Hydrogen Half-Cell 15.5A Electrolysis of Water and Aqueous NaCl (Brine) 15.6A Electroplating 15.7A Additional Applications of Redox and Electrochemistry End-of-Chapter Questions 16 The Chemistry Laboratory 16.1 Introduction 16.2 Safety Procedures 16.3 Using Measuring Devices 16.4 Basic Laboratory Skills 16.5 Identification of Common Laboratory Apparatus 16.6 Basic Laboratory Activities 16.7 The Role of Colors in Identifying Substances 16.8 Guidelines for Laboratory Reports End-of-Chapter Questions Glossary Appendix: New York State Regents Reference Tables for Chemistry Appendix: Additional Reference Tables for Chemistry Appendix: Answering Constructed-Response Questions Appendix: The New York State Regents Examination in Chemistry June 2019 Regents Examination Answer Key © Copyright 2021, 2020, 2019, 2018, 2017, 2016, 2015, 2014, 2013, 2012, 2011, 2010, 2009, 2008, 2007, 2006, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2002, 2001, 1998 by Kaplan, Inc., d/b/a Barron’s Educational Series All rights reserved under International and Pan-American Copyright Conventions By payment of the required fees, you have been granted the non-exclusive, nontransferable right to access and read the text of this eBook on screen No part of this text may be reproduced, transmitted, downloaded, decompiled, reverse engineered, or stored in or introduced into any information storage and retrieval system, in any form or by any means, whether electronic or mechanical, now known or hereinafter invented, without the express written permission of the publisher Published by Kaplan, Inc., d/b/a Barron’s Educational Series 750 Third Avenue New York, New York 10017 www.barronseduc.com ISBN: 978-1-5062-7825-4 ... Let’s Review Regents: Chemistry—Physical Setting Revised Edition Albert S Tarendash, M.S Assistant Principal—Supervision (Retired) Department... Barron’s Review Course Series: Let’s Review: Chemistry—The Physical Setting Cover Title Page Copyright Information Preface To the Student To the Teacher Introduction to Chemistry Section I—Basic (Regents- Level)... Solving Problems End-of-Chapter Questions Atoms, Molecules, and Ions Section I—Basic (Regents- Level) Material NYS Regents Concepts and Skills 2.1 Introduction to the Atomic Model of Matter 2.2 Development