Survey and evaluate the wastewater treatment system of coc hoa plant thai nguyen iron and steel joint stock company

THAI NGUYEN UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY DUONG THI HA SURVEY AND EVALUATE THE WASTEWATER TREATMENT SYSTEM OF COC HOA PLANT-THAI NGUYEN IRON AND STEEL JOINT STOCK COMPANY BACHELOR THESIS Study Mode : Full-time Major : Environmental Science And Management Faculty : Advanced Education Program Office Batch : 2014 - 2018 Type: On-the-Job Training(OJT) Thai nguyen, September 2018 Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry Degree Program Bachelor of environmental Science and Management Student ID DTN1454290011 Survey and evaluate the wastewater treatment system of Coc Thesis Title hoa plant -Thai Nguyen Iron and Steel Joint Stock Company Supervisors Assoc Prof Dr Phan Dinh Binh Supervisor’s signature Abstract: Coc Hoa Factory is a member of Thai Nguyen Iron and Steel Joint Stock Company, an important chain of iron and steel production line located in the industrial production area of the company The main products of the factory are coke - the main raw material in the iron-steel production cycle But coke production is one of the major environmental pollutants of the entire iron and steel production process Assessment and select the wastewater treatment technology for the production processes being applied nowadays which is a very necessary issue for the plant.This study reviews waste water characterization of iron and steel industry and treatment procedures involved in these industries The production of iron from its ores involves powerful reduction reaction in blast furnaces Cooling waters are inevitably contaminated with products especially ammonia and cyanide Production of coke from coal in coking plants also requires water cooling and the use of water in by-products separation Contamination of waste streams includes gasification products such as benzene, i naphthalene, anthracene, cyanide, ammonia phenols, cresols together with an array of more complex organic compounds known collectively as Poly Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) Keywords Wastewater treatment system, cochoa plant, coke production Number of papers 56 Date of submission 15/09/2018 ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT This thesis has been greatly conducted from the support as well as assistance of many people whom I would sincerely like to give deep thanks and acknowledgements here To achieve results like today, I would like to express sincere gratitude to School Leadership and teachers at Training and Development International Center - Thai Nguyen University of Agriculture and Forestry imparted for me the knowledge as well as facilitating learning and help me during the learning process in schools In particular we would like to express deep gratitude to Assoc Prof Phan Dinh Binh - who has oriented research, guidance, help and create the best conditions for me to complete this research I would like to sincerely thanks Dr Dao Dai Duong - Head of technical technology and the uncle, aunt, brother, sister officer of Coc Hoa plant - Thai Nguyen Iron and Steel Joint Stock Company for providing me very useful documents and knowledge about wastewater treatment system of plant, wholeheartedly induct guide and help me throughout the process internship I would like to sincerely thank ! Thai Nguyen, September 2018 iii TABLE OF CONTENT ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iii TABLE OF CONTENT iv LIST OF FIGURES vi LIST OF TABLES vii CHAPER I INTRODUCTION 1.1.Rationale 1.2 Specific Objectives 1.3 Contents of work 1.4 Profile of the cooperating agency .3 1.5 Activities Error! Bookmark not defined 1.6.Timeline .5 CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 The basics of the environment 2.2 Legal bases .11 2.2.1 Rationale Error! Bookmark not defined 2.2.2 Coached Error! Bookmark not defined 2.3.Situation of water pollution .12 2.3.1 Status of water pollution in the world 12 2.3.2.Situation of water pollution in Vietnam .14 2.3.3.Situation of water pollution in Thai Nguyen province 15 2.3.4.Situation of coke production environment in the world and Vietnam 15 iv CHAPTER III STATUS OF THE CONSIDERED ISSUE AT THE TRAINING AGENCY……………………………………… 18 3.1 Overview of factory .18 3.1.1.General introduction .18 3.1.2 Personnel diagram of Coc hoa Factory thai nguyen .19 3.1.3 Production capacity of the plant: 19 3.1.4 Process technology of the plant 20 3.2 Satus of water environment – Wastewater treatment technology of plant .22 3.2.1 Satus of water environment 22 3.2.2.Wastewater treatment measures 24 3.3 Evaluation of wastewater treatment of Coc hoa Factory .29 3.3.1 Some methods sampling and Determination factor in steel industry 29 3.3.2 Methodology……………………………………………………………… ….31 3.3.3 Results 31 CHAPTER IV DISCUSSION AND LESSON LEARNDED 34 4.1.Discussion 34 4.1.1.Restriction when operating the wastewater treatment system 35 4.1.2 Solutions to problems occurring during the operation of the system .37 4.1.3 Suggested measures to minimize pollution to the plant 37 4.2 Lesson .38 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION .40 REFERENCES 41 v LIST OF FIGURES Figure : Map about water reserves in the world.( Internet ) .12 Figure 2: Personnel diagram of CocHoa factory Thai Nguyen……………………….19 Figure 3:Diagram of production technology of coke factory (Soure: Coc Hoa factory's environment report, 2017) 20 Figure 4:Diagram of wastewater treatment technology.(Soure: Coc Hoa factory's environment report, 2017) 26 Figure 5: The pH in wastewater before and after treatment is compared with QCVN 32 Figure 6: The BOD and COD concentration in wastewater before and after treatment is compared with QCVN 33 Figure 7:The phenol concentration in wastewater before and after treatment is compared with QCVN 33 Figure 8:The concentration of TSS in wastewater before and after treatment is compared with QCVN 34 vi LIST OF TABLES Table 1: C values of pollution factors in wastewater from steel industry, which are the basis for calculating maximum permissible value .9 Table 2: Methods for sampling and determination of factors in wastewater from steel industry .29 Table 3: Analysis results of wastewater after the process of wastewater treatment 31 vii CHAPER I INTRODUCTION 1.1.Rationale In recent years, the global environment has changed in a negative way, seriously affecting the socio-economic development of the country, causing ecological imbalance on the earth Sustainable development is therefore of particular concern in many countries and organizations around the world Environmental protection has become a global issue According to the United Nations (UNEP), the world's air pollution and water pollution is constantly increasing, environmental protection is a national policy and is becoming an important issue, in the socio-economic development strategy Nearly 80 countries, accounting for 40% of the world's population, have been in serious water shortages since the mid-1990s About 1.1 billion people not have safe water Our country is in the process of speeding up the process of industrialization modernization with increasing speed Export-processing zones shall be newly built and expanded to develop economic development (Citation from:’’ The United Nations World Water Development Report 2015’’.) In the industries, iron and steel metallurgy industry is an important economic sector of our country, supplying raw materials for the country's construction, bridges of roads are increasingly expanded and enhanced In large part thanks to the steel industry day Besides the strong development contributing greatly to the economic development but causing a considerable impact on the environment Especially the water environment is increasingly seriously polluted from the sewage of the steel plant bad influence on the environment in general and the water environment in particular In Vietnam, the lack of uniformity in management together with the rapid development of steel plants, metallurgy which have had negative impacts on the environment in the local and will need fees great for many years to deal with the consequences Thai Nguyen Iron and Steel Joint Stock Company was established in 1959 and underwent 50 years of construction and development So far, the company's steel production is increasing and the scale of its production has been expanded and growing after being equitized on July 1, 2009 In parallel with that development, industrial production of the Company also polluted the environment, negatively affecting the surrounding environment, affecting the community The environmental pollution caused by sewage is at an alarming rate From the urgent requirements set forth in environmental protection Thai Nguyen Iron and Steel Factory has applied many measures to minimize and limit pollution in general and water pollution in particular In order to assess the wastewater treatments systems for finding the best model which can applied at the plant I conducted the research:“Survey and evaluate the wastewater treatment system of Coc hoa plant -Thai Nguyen Iron and Steel Joint Stock Company’’ Comment: The phenol concentrationdecreased significantly although the wastewater after the treatment was turn to production but from this, show that ability wastewater treatment capacity of the plant's wastewater treatment technology is good  TSS parameter TSS 120 105.45 100 mg/l 100 80 Before 60 After QCVN 40 8.3 20 Before After QCVN Figure 7: The concentration of TSS in wastewater before and after treatment is compared with QCVN Comment: TSS (Total Suspended Solids) after TSS treatment is 8.3 mg /l, although the wastewater after treatment is turned around to continue production but will affect the machine for a long time The reason is that workers not properly apply the process of operating the treatment technology Do not care and provide adequate nutrients for microorganisms in the aroten tank 34 CHAPTER IV DISCUSSION AND LESSON LEARNDED 4.1 Discussion 4.1.1 Restriction when operating the wastewater treatment system 4.1.1.1 Some problems occur during the operation of the system In the process of transportation can not avoid the problems inside the system, especially aerobic tanks and can have many causes, many factors affect the operation of the microorganism in active sludge This leads to a reduction in the efficiency of the system Here are some common problems encountered in the operation of the technology: - The muddy discharge flows out of the waste stream, leaving no sludge - Large amounts of solid, small molecules in the dim, leaving the settling tank - Sludge well but floats on the surface during deposition - The aerobic surface is covered with foam and mucus - Large bubbles appear on the aerobic surface - Micro-organisms in the activated sludge die for a short time 4.1.1.2 Causes of problems occurring during the operation of the system Through the process of investigating the incidents occurring in the operation of the technology, I noticed some of the causes of these problems: - Due to organic matter overload, due to PH low, due to growth of fiber mushrooms due to nutrient deficiencies, due to toxicity, due to excessive ventilation - Due to the old mud and the excessive chaos of the system - Due to the growth rate of poor sludge, new and weak activated sludge - Due to nitrification, excessive ventilation 35 - Due to old mud, due to too much oil and fat in the system, due to bacterial bind formation - Due to very young mud, low sludge and detergents - Due to wastewater containing toxic substances * Some causes many foams: - large amount of white foam: + In the early stages of sludge warming is in the stage of adaptation + Increase of detergent in wastewater + Overloading + Is inhibited and toxic + PH is high or too low + Lack of oxygen + Malnutrition + Temperature conditions are erratic - Bubble: + Nocardia filamentous bacteria along with sarcoma + Low loading of the reactor + Waste water containing grease - dark black foam: + Wastewater contains colorants + Lack of oxygen 36 4.1.2 Solutions to problems occurring during the operation of the system To achieve high efficiency in the process of wastewater treatment technology should take some measures to solve the problem on: - Reduce the amount of organic substances, increase the nutrition to circulate, supplement nutrients, reduce ventilation during low flow - Reduce the age of mud, reduce the chaos of active sludge - Increases circulation speed, adjusts muddy age and limits nitrate, restricts ventilation 4.1.3 Suggested measures to minimize pollution to the plant - Renovate the sewer system, manholes and clean green landscape in accordance with the location Planting green trees on the premises to increase the effectiveness of minimizing the pollution of the natural environment - Selecting quality raw materials, ensuring quality requirements and reducing waste - Improving and improving the production efficiency of the production line to improve capacity and production capacity, and recover the raw materials and fuel in the production process - Applying Cleaner Production in production technology significantly reduces the input material source and reduces the amount of waste generated, thus reducing the cost of treating the end of the pipeline at a cost which is not efficient - Improve the efficiency of water recycling in the production process in order to save wastewater and reduce the cost of waste water - Apply advanced production technology to prioritize environmental issues in production to manage and treat waste 37 - Education and training require work to ensure proper technical process, avoid loss, waste of raw materials, fuel, energy - Education of aware of thrift, proper use of the plant's assets such as fuel, electricity and water Coordinate with other agencies in the region to actively participate in the protection program environment - Education for employees who are aware of environmental protection and raise environmental awareness through advocacy on environmental protection - Organize training classes for employees who are aware of the environment and responsibilities of each person in strictly observing environmental regulations in the factory - At the coal mine site, there is no roof, therefore, the factory needs to invest in construction of a dusty coal mine, which does not affect the environment - There is a high noise level in the coal mines so it is necessary to reduce the noise and vibration by the method of periodic maintenance - Noise and vibration zones require periodic maintenance - Rolling workshop area + Noise, high vibration need regular maintenance equipment - Solid waste and hazardous waste must be recovered and handled according to regulations 4.2 Lesson After 4- month training at CocHoa factory, i have chances to gain a lot of practical experiences before going to work, after graduation  A lesson on self-confidence and initiative: 38 Be active with people, actively explore the work at the place of practice, actively propose and work with people  Priceless vocational lessons from reality Practice is the time to learn from the reality and better understand the work that you will after leaving the university lecture Lessons outside the textbook, beyond what you think will teach you, help me grow in judging, consideration and problem solving Working in the real environment, being given the opportunity to apply the knowledge have learned to the job I quickly see my gaps to be able to continue to improve At the same time, with the help of experienced people work at where i internship, i had lessons to avoid mistakes in the actual work experience later  New skills and new opportunities Soft skills: the skills needed to the job, to communicate and handle situations It is something that every student wants to gain more confidence in graduation and start with his first job Opportunities will always come to those who try and really dedication to their work It can be a career opportunity, an opportunity to develop in the future or simply the opportunity to learn in a good environment  Work experience and workplace skills: Approach work experience strategically to get the maximum benefit when it comes to applying for jobs It helps to plan ahead and think about the best kind of work experience for what you want to and teach me how to build my resume 39 CHAPTER V CONCLUSION Throughout the process of doing the thesis i have some following comment: - After watching reports analyzing the wastewater samples of factory, I see most of the research indicators were processed in allow of the QCVN - Waste water after treatment will be recycled to reduce the consumption of natural water to ensure the environment inside and outside the plant - The current treatment technology of Coke Chemical Factory has become overloaded and degraded, pollution treatment efficiency is still not high - The Coke Factory has taken technological measures to limit pollution in the coke production process and is continuing to invest in the production and waste treatment technologies Beside that, Thanks to the factory for facilitating the practice Through the internship, I achieved the below: - Acquire a lot of practical knowledge on environmental issues based on the knowledge learned in school - Capture the production line of the plant, although many steps, but still operating synchronously and reasonably convenient for production and supply of raw materials to other plants in the joint production line - Understand and study the current environmental status of the plant and the impact of current environmental problems on the environment - Through researching, i has got a practical insight and a better understanding of the learned ants such as environmental technology, environmental pollution, monitoring, treatment and management of solid waste and hazardous waste 40 REFERENCES I Vietnamese references - Bộ Tài Nguyên & Môi Trường: QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT (quy chuẩn kỹ thuật quốc gia nước thải công nghiệp) - Bộ Tài Nguyên & Môi Trường: QCVN 53:2013/BTNMT (quy chuẩn kỹ thuật quốc gia nước thải công nghiệp thép) - Bộ Tài Nguyên & Môi Trường: TCVN 5980-1995(ISO- 6170- 1:1980), (Chất lượng nước- Thuật ngữ),(1995) - Công ty cổ phần Gang Thép Thái Nguyên-nhà máy Cốc hóa : Báo cáo đánh giá tác động môi trường dự án “Đầu tư mở rộng sản xuất giai đoạn II nhà máy Cốc hóa tài liệu tổng hợp”(2005) - Công ty cổ phần Gang Thép Thái Nguyên-nhà máy Cốc hóa: Tham luận giải pháp quản lý để giảm chi phí xử lý nước thải (2013) - Luơng Đức Phẩm (tháng 10 năm 2008), Công nghệ xử lý nước thải biện pháp sinh học, nhà xuất giáo dục.(p35-93) -Nguyễn Văn Phuớc (năm 2010), Giáo trình Xử lý nước thải sinh hoạt công nghiệp phương pháp sinh học, nhà xuất xây dựng Hà Nội.(chương IIIII,p23-40) - Dương Thị Hương Ly (2012) , luận văn thạc sĩ Đánh giá trạng mơi trường nước khơng khí khu vực cơng nghiệp gang thép II English references - A.Y Sangodoin,(1991) Ground water and surface water pollution by open refuse dump in Ibadan Nigeria, J Discovery Innovation, (1),pp 24-31, 41 - V Simenonov, P Simenonov, C Samara, G Zachariadis, D Vo usta, et al,(2003) The assessment of the surface water quality in Northern Greece, Water Res 37(17),pp 4119-4124 - G Tchobanoglous F.I Burton,(1995) Waste water engineering: treatment, disposal and reuse, TATA- Mac-Graw Hill Publishing India Limited, New Delhi - R.B Khadka, A.B Khanal,(2008) Environmental management plan for melamchi water supply project, Nepal, Environ Monitor Assess 146(1-3) pp.225-234 - Masood Alam, Anwar Ahmed, (2002) Water quality in and around industrialized city of Delhi East and Sahibabad, Ind J Environ Protection 22(8),pp 900-904 - V Kannan, Tharamani, (1993) Assessment of industrial ground water pollution potential from correlation of parametric ratio-Dye industry, Ind J Environ Protect 13(5),pp 346-348 - European Commission (2008), Most Appropriate Treatment to Control Environmental Impact of Effluents in Iron and Steel Industry Published III - References from Internet Mick Platts, ThyssenKrupp EnCoke USA, The Coke Oven By-Product Plant Contributed http://www.accci.org/Byproduct.pdf - Int J Mech Eng & Rob Res (2013) Evaluation of various method and efficiencies for treatment of effluent from iron and steel industry http://www.ijmerr.com/uploadfile/2015/0409/20150409043210915.pdf ( accessed on 3/7/2013) - Trần Hồng Cơ (2017) vấn đề môi trường Việt Nam: 42 http://www.thuvienkhoahoc.com/tusach/nhung-van-de-moi-truong-bucbach-cua-viet-nam ( accessed on 15/02/2017) - Moitruongdeal,(2014) Hiện trạng ôi nhiễm môi trường nước vietnam, http://www.moitruongdeal.com/hien-trang-o-nhiem-moi-truong-nuoc-taiviet-nam.html ( accessed on 04/09/2014) - Best water technology, Global water reserves, https://www.bwt.fr/en/watertechnology/global-water-reserves/Pages/default.aspx 43 APPENDICES Appendices :Conditioner tank Appendices 2: Sedimentation tank – Oil separator Appendices 3: Aeroten tank Appendices 4:Sedimetation tank stand Appendices :Treated water Appendices 6: steam compression system Appendices 7: The survey some worker at plant Appendices 8: Mix phenol water and water together Appendices 9: Waste water sampling Appendices 10 : Measure the concentration of pH ... -Thai Nguyen Iron and Steel Joint Stock Company? ??’ 1.2 Specific Objectives - Assessing of the wastewater treatment status at the Coc hoa factory of Thai Nguyen Iron and Steel Joint Stock Company. .. CocHoa Factory is one of members of Thai Nguyen Iron and Steel Company located in the iron and steel industry of Thai Nguyen province In the process of production, the CocHoa Factory is one of. .. assess the wastewater treatments systems for finding the best model which can applied at the plant I conducted the research:? ?Survey and evaluate the wastewater treatment system of Coc hoa plant -Thai