Religion in the UK

The Catholics believe, as Christians do in the Trinity ( God the Father, God the Son, God the Holy Spirit)A. They believe in Jesus Christ, Heaven and Hell.[r]

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Guider teacher : LÊ THÁI BẢO

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I/ What Christians believeI/ What Christians believe

Introduce about Jesus Christ Introduce about Jesus Christ II/Religion in Britain

II/Religion in Britain 1.Catholicsm

1.Catholicsm

2.Protestantism 2.Protestantism

III/ The church of England III/ The church of England IV/ The church of Scotland IV/ The church of Scotland

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I/What Christians believe

The United Kingdom is a Christian country For all

Christians the Bible is in two parts:

Christians the Bible is in two parts: The Old The Old Testament

Testament (Kinh Cựu ước ),(Kinh Cựu ước ), which tells the story which tells the story

of the creation of the world and the early

history of the Jewish people; and

history of the Jewish people; and The New The New Testament

Testament (Kinh tân ước),(Kinh tân ước), which tells the story of which tells the story of

Jesus Christ and the early Christian church The

most important part of the Bible for Christian

are four books in New Testament that tell the

story of Jesus These books are called Mathew,

Mark, Luke and John.

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The word Christian comes from the word Christ, the name given

to Jesus meaning Son of God Christian are so called because

they believe Jesus is the Son of God Christians believe in one

God, but he is made up of three different identities; God the

Father, God the Son (or Jesus) and God the Holy Spirit The

idea of these three identities in one God is called The

idea of these three identities in one God is called The Trinity Trinity

(Chúa ngôi),

(Chúa ngôi), and central to Christian belief and central to Christian belief

The purpose of life, for a Christian, is to trust in, and believe in

God, to help people around them, and to bring people closer to

God by setting a good example in their own life and behavior:

If you live a good life and if you serve God well, Christians

believe that you will go to Heaven when you die , and will live

there with God forever If you have not been good, and have

not obeyed the word of God (the Bible), most Christians believe

that you will go to Hell, Satan , also called The Devil, is God’s

great enemy Christians believe that the Devil wants to

great enemy Christians believe that the Devil wants to corruptcorrupt

(đồi bại, mua chuộc)

(đồi bại, mua chuộc) us, and take us away from God, and take us, and take us away from God, and take us to Hell, his home, when we die The most common idea of

us to Hell, his home, when we die The most common idea of

Hell is a place full of fire, where you will spend

Hell is a place full of fire, where you will spend eternity eternity (cõi (cõi vĩnh hằng)

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Who is he?

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At the heart of the Christian religion is Jesus and his

teachings His life story is central, and most festivals in

Christian countries celebrate some event in his life

Christian believe that Jesus was born to a virgin mother,

Mary, whom God chose to be mother of his son because of

her great

her great puritypurity (trong trăng, khiết)(trong trăng, khiết) and Goodness and Goodness He was born in a

He was born in a stablestable (chuồng ngựa)(chuồng ngựa) In Israel In Israel surrounded by Animals and was visited by

surrounded by Animals and was visited by Shepherds Shepherds

(người chăn cừu – cha xứ),

(người chăn cừu – cha xứ), and by Philosophers who and by Philosophers who

recognized him as the Son of God His birth is celebrated

at Christmas

When Jesus was 30, he began to preach His teachings are in

many ways similar to those Buddha

He taught that we should love each other, forgive each other,

and live together in peace The Bible says he also cured

the sick and the mad, and even raised the dead Many

people liked his words and followed him, believing that he

was the Son of God Those people, who believed in him,

he

he baptizedbaptized (rửa tội)(rửa tội) but submerging them in water, and but submerging them in water, and thus symbolically washing their

thus symbolically washing their sinssins (tội ác)(tội ác) away All away All Christians still have some sort of baptism ritual now

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According to the Bible, after some years of teaching, the leaders

of the Jewish church grew angry with Jesus and his influence

They didn’t believe he was the Son of God They arranged for

him to be arrested and killed One of his closest followers,

Judas,

Judas, betrayed betrayed (tiết lộ)(tiết lộ) Jesus to the Roman authorities by Jesus to the Roman authorities by kissing him

kissing him

The Bible says that the night before Jesus died, he had super

with his twelve close followers He knew he would die, so he

gave his followers bread and said “ This is my body – eat it”

He gave them wine and he said “ This is my blood – drink it”

He meant that they should make him part of themselves and

spread his message after he was gone This image is

extremely important to Christians, and all celebrate a service

where they eat bread and drink wine in memory of Jesus

This

This ceremonyceremony ( nghi lễ)( nghi lễ) is called Mass or is called Mass or Communion Communion (lễ ban (lễ ban thánh thể)

thánh thể) The word Christmas is a combination of the word The word Christmas is a combination of the word Christ and the word Mass

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Jesus was tried, and condemned to die on a cross, or crucified

(thánh giá) His crucifixion is one of the most powerful images in Christianity Christians believe that Jesus died on Friday

night, was in the grave on Saturday, and on Easter Sunday He rose from the dead This weekend is celebrated at Easter because Jesus came back from the dead on Sunday, most Christians go to church on this day Christians believe that after rising from the dead, he returned to his father in

Heaven, leaving men earth to spread his message

The death and resurrection (sự phục sinh) of Jesus is the most important part of the story for Christians, because they

believe that man is born sinful, and punishment for sin is

death, so the only way they can pay for their sins is by dying However they believe that Jesus came to earth to die for the sins

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The last day Jesus have dinner with 12 closer followers

Easter celebrate

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II/ Religion in Britain

The roman brought

Christianity to Britain in the form Roman Catholicism, and until the 16th century

and Henry VIII, everyone in Britain was a catholic.

1 CATHOLICSM

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The Catholics believe, as Christians in the Trinity ( God the Father, God the Son, God the Holy Spirit) They believe in Jesus Christ, Heaven and Hell They

also believe there is divine hierarchy At the top is God , at the bottom, ordinary people Amongst Christians, only the Catholics believe in this of merit.

Divine

(chúa trời, Thần thánh)

God the Father Jesus, his son The Holy spirit Mary Mother of God

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Human

The Pope (giáo hoàng)

( An infallible human He cannot make mistakes)

Archbishops (Tổng giám mục)

Bishops (Giám mục)

Priests (Linh mục)

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Catholics pray to God and Jesus, or they pray to Mary and saints to talk to God for them The people is at the top of the human hierarchy He is the spiritual leader and very close to God Everything he says

about religion is given him by God, and he cannot be wrong.

Ordinary people have direct contact with their Priest, who is closer to God than they are He must be

unmarried so that he can devote himself to God and to the ordinary people works with If they sin, they must go to Confession (xưng tội) and tell the Priest what they have done The priest can get forgiveness for them from God, and will give them a penance (ăn năn), something they must do, a particular prayer,

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Catholics also believe there is a place between Heaven and Hell, called Purgatory (Nơi chuộc tội) If you are wicked, you will go straight to Hell, and if you are very good, you will go straight to Heaven, but most people go to Purgatory where they spend time praying for their sins before they are allowed to go to Heaven Catholics can pray for the souls of people in Purgatory, to make their time easier The Catholics Church is strongly against abortion (phá thai)

and contraception (ngừa thai), thinking that the use of either is a sin, as it goes against God’s purpose of giving Life They encourage their members to have big families, and to bring them up to be good Catholics In Britain, if you meet someone from a big family, they are usually Catholics

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In Britain now about 10% the

population is Catholic, though in towns such as Liverpool and

Glasgow, where there have been a lot of Irish immigrants, this is

higher The Republic of Ireland is still very strongly catholic This religions difference between the two countries has caused many problems in the past, and

continues to in Northern

Ireland, where the Catholics want to be part of the Republic of

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2 Protestantism (Đạo tin Lành)

Protestantism is one of the major groupings within Christianity It is a

movement that began in Germany in the early 16th century as a reaction against medieval Roman Catholic doctrines and practices, especially in regards to salvation (sự cứu rỗi linh hồn), justification (biện hộ), and ecclesiology

The doctrines of the various Protestant denominations vary, but most include justification by grace through faith alone, known as Soda Fide, the

priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the ultimate authority in

matters of faith and order, known as soda Scripture, which is Latin for "by scripture alone"

In the 16th century, the followers of Martin Luther established the

evangelical (Lutheran) churches of Germany and Scandinavia Reformed churches in Switzerland and France were established by John Calvin and other reformers such as Huldrych Zwingli

There are now many different Protestant religions, but they all came from the same ideas In the 16th century, in Germany, a Catholics monk called

Martin Luther began to question what Catholics believed that wasn’t in his bible The Catholics Church at this time was very corrupt with ((ngu dốt)

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All Protestants reject the following ideas: – The importance of Mary and the saints

– The Pope

– The idea of hierarchy – Confession and penance – Purgatory

Protestants don’t believe in a hierarchy They believe that God and the Trinity is above all mankind, and all men are equal in the eyes of God A priest is the same as everybody else; he simply has special training to help him teach others Mary and the saints are simply good people, with no power We cannot pay for our sins by any action on each or in purgatory, we

can only get forgiveness by talking directly to God and asking for it

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Martin Luther John Calvin

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There are differences between Roman Catholicism and Protestant

PROTESTANT CATHOLIC

The Old and New Testaments are the only sources

of Christian doctrine Sources of doctrine include:

•Certain papal declarations

•Bishops in conjunction with the pope

•Old Testament

•New Testament

•Apocrypha (some additions to the Bible)

•Catholic Church Tradition

•Catholic interpretation of the Bible

We are justified (saved) by faith alone, not by good works Good works will result in greater

rewards in the afterlife but have no effect on getting saved This "faith" means relying on Jesus' sacrifice as full atonement for our sins and trusting in God enough to try to live as he said to live It is not mere intellectual belief in a set of facts

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Purgatory is totally unscriptural Christ's sacrifice on the Cross was the only offering necessary and the only offering sufficient to provide salvation

There are two types of punishment after death: temporal (temporary) and eternal If a person dies with just one "mortal" sin on his soul he will be condemned to Hell for eternity If he dies with only "venial" sins on his soul he will be sent to Purgatory, perhaps for millions of years Purgatory is exactly like Hell except that it doesn't last forever Eventually, the person will be released and enter heaven

"Mortal" sin is an extent of sin, a

pervasiveness of sin, sinning as a way of life, sinning as a regular practice, not a

single sin, regardless of how serious that sin might be, e.g., murder

There are two types of sin: mortal and venial A particular sin is either mortal or venial,

depending on the severity (For instance, stealing one dollar from a rich man would probably be a venial sin.)

See the box above for the consequences of Catholic mortal sin

Only God can forgive sins Catholic priests have been given the power to forgive sins, acting as representatives of the Holy Spirit

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It is clear from scripture that there was no "head" apostle in the New Testament

churches Paul expressly and publicly

rebuked Peter, the alleged first pope, on one occasion There is no biblical or historical evidence that Peter was ever the bishop of Rome

Anyone who denies the authority of the pope

despises the one who (allegedly) appointed him (i.e., Christ) and therefore despises the one who sent Christ, (i.e., God the Father)

Mary had children by Joseph Jesus'

brothers are expressly named: Joseph, James, Simon, and Jude

Mary remained a virgin her entire life The Greek word can mean either "brother" or "close relative." The Bible is talking about Jesus' cousins, not brothers

This is totally unscriptural Mary was bodily assumed into heaven, like Elijah and Enoch.

This is totally unscriptural Mary is the "spiritual mother" of all men

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Because Henry VIII wasn’t really a Protestant and didn’t change the

church much, the Church of England today still has some of the structures of the Catholic Church, and many of the same rituals They have this

structure

God

The Queen

( The Archbishop of Canterbury) Bishops

Clergymen

All the humans are no closer to God than ordinary people The Queen is

simply symbolic (biểu tượng) The archbishop is the spiritual head, but

certainly can make mistakes

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The Church has no real political power at all, but

archbishops and Bishops sit in the House of Lords. It is difficult to calculate how many members of the

Church of England there are in Britain because many people never go to church; something like 70% of the population of England would describe themselves as Church of England if asked.

IV/ The church of Scotland ( Giáo hội Scotland)

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The church of Scotland is further away from Catholicism They have less Ritual than the C of E (Council of Europe), and they don’t believe in Bishops, but the people elect their leaders The Church of England is based on the ideas of Luther, but the

Church of Scotland is based on the teachings of Calvin, a Swiss theologian with a far darker view The Church of Scotland

seems a hard and comfortless religion comparatively

Presbyterians believe in Predestination, which means that God has deeded your fate even before you were born

There are many other Protestant faiths, the most important of which are

The Methodist Church This grew out of Anglicanism, but they wanted to move further away from the influence of the

Catholic Church

The Baptist Church, who disagree with Anglican methods of

Baptism Most Christian churches sprinkle (rác) water on the heads of babies to make them part of the church The Baptists submerge adults in water, as Jesus did

The Salvation Army (Đội quân cứu tế) who are interested in an active and practical saving of souls

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V/ Other religions in the United Kingdom

Basically, Britain is Christian Other religions occupy only 3% of the population These are the biggest other religious groups.

1 Judaism.

The religion of the Jews in the Old Testament of the Bible, out of which

Christianity grew The Jews are an ethnic

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2 Islam

The Jews, the Christians and Islam share the same idea of God In Judaism and Islam, they are still

waiting for his son to come to earth The Christians

believe that this has happed – with Jesus

Immigrants to Britain from Protestant and the Arabic countries brought this

religion with them.

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The Neasden Temple

3 Hinduism

Hinduism is a religion with multiple gods, brought over with

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Kagya Samye Ling Monastery and Tibetan centre in Scotland

4 Buddhism

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Question :

Choose the best answers.

1. Who was Jesus born ? A A divine

B A virgin mother, Mary C No one

2 Christians believe that Jesus came to earth to ………

A live with people B help the world

C die for sins of everybody 3.Who established

Protestantism ? A John Calvin B Martin Luther C Henry VIII

4 In Protestantism, Who can forgive sins?

A God

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5 Who is Catholics pray to? A God and Jesus

B Mary and the saints C Both A and B

6 In Britain now about … of the population is Catholic

A 100% B 10% C 50%

7.What is difference between Catholic and Protestant church about Priest?

A Catholic priest can marry, but in the Protestant church they shouldn’t marry

B Catholic priest cannot marry, but in the Protestant church they should marry

8.Who is simply symbolic in the Church of England ?

A The Queen B Bishops

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9.The Church of Scotland is further away from ……

A Protestantism

B The Church of England C Catholicism

10 Other religions occupy only … of the population A 3%

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