Factors affecting the competitiveness of small and dedium sized aquaculture enterprises in the north vietnam

FACTORS AFFECTING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF SMALLAND MEDIUM-SIZED AQUACULTURE ENTERPRISES IN THE NORTH VIETNAM _ A DISSERTATION Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School Southern Luzon State University, Lucban, Quezon, Philippines in Collaboration with Thai Nguyen University, Socialist Republic of Vietnam _ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Business Administration _ By PHAN THI MAI HUONG (DIANA) December 2013 i APPROVAL SHEET The Dissertation of PHAN THI MAI HUONG entitled FACTORS AFFECTING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZED AQUACULTURE ENTERPRISES IN THE NORTH OF VIETNAM Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION A program offered by Southern Luzon State University, Republic of the Philippines in collaboration with Thai Nguyen University, Socialist Republic of Vietnam has been approved by Oral Examination Committee MELCHOR MELO O PLACINO, PhD Expert CONRADO L ABRAHAM, PhD Expert EDWIN P BERNAL, DBA Expert ALICE T VALERIO, PhD External Panel WALBERTO A MACARAAN, EdD Chairman Endorsed by: Recommended by: CECILIA N GASCON, PhD Adviser APOLONIA A ESPINOSA, PhD Dean Accepted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Business Administration _ Date WALBERTO A MACARAAN, EdD Vice President for Academic Affairs ii CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY iii ACKNOWLEDGMENT I would like to express my utmost sincere thanks to the Management Board of the Southern Luzon State University, Thai Nguyen Universityand the teachersof the two universities who helped me facilitate the learning process throughout my study I would like to express my sincere and profoundgratitude to Dr Cecilia N Gascon, my enthusiastic adviser, who provided me with dedicated guidance, encouragement, andspent time in orienting me during this research I would like to express my sincere thanks to the Board of Directors of Aquaculture Enterprises in HaiPhong, QuangNinh, Nam Dinh, Thai Binh, NinhBinh, ThanhHoa Province who provided me withdata through the surveyquestionnaire I sincerely thank the Board of the Universityof Laborand Social Affairs (ULSA), colleagues in ULSA, and classmates in DBA who gave assistance enthusiastically and shared experiences that helped me to complete this thesis Finally, I would like to send this as a gift to my family whose enthusiasm and encouragement helped me to complete this dissertation PhanThi Mai Huong DEDICATION iv This piece of work is heartfully dedicated to My Family & Friends PTMH TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE v TITLE PAGE ……………………………………………………………… i APPROVAL SHEET ……………………………………………………… ii CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY ……………………………………… iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ………………………………………………… iv DEDICATION ……………………………………………………………… v TABLE OF CONTENTS ………………………………………………… vi LIST OF TABLES ………………………………………………………… viii LIST OF FIGURES ……………………………………………………… x ABBREVIATIONS ………………………………………………………… xi LIST OF APPENDICES ………………………………………………… xii ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………… xiii CHAPTER I II III INTRODUCTION …………………………………………… Background of the Study ………………………………… Statement of the Problem ………………………………… Objectives of the Study …………………………………… Hypothesis of the Study …………………………………… Significance of the Study ………………………………… Scope and Limitations of the Study ……………………… Definition of Terms ………………………………………… REVIEW OF LITERATURE ……………………………… 12 Concept of Competition ……………………………… 12 Competitiveness Among Firms ……………………… 13 Porter’s Forces Model ……………………………… 14 David Aker’s Model …………………………………… 16 METHODOLOGY Locale of the Study ………………………………………… 28 Research Procedures ……………………………………… 28 Data Gathering Procedure ………………………………… 29 vi Population ……………………………………………… 30 Research Instrument …………………………………… 31 Sources of Data …………………………………………… 32 Statistical Analysis ………………………………………… 32 IV RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS ………………………… 36 V SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Summary…………….……………………………………… 73 Conclusions ………………………………………………… 74 Recommendations ………………………………………… 75 REFERENCES ……………………… ………………………………… 81 APPENDICES …………………………………………………………… 83 CURRICULUM VITAE …………………………………………………… 116 LIST OF TABLES vii CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY iii TABLE PAGE LIST OF FIGURES ix FIGURE PAGE Map of the Coastal Provinces in North Vietnam 31 Competitiveness in Terms of Financial Capability by Province 37 Number of Aquaculture Enterprises Assessed Management Capability at High Level 41 Number of Aquaculture Enterprises Having High Rate in Intangible Assets 42 Number of Aquaculture Enterprises Rated High in Human Resource 51 Revenue Growth of Aquaculture Enterprises by Province 53 Domestic Market Share (in %) by Province 63 ABBREVIATIONS x ADB Asian Development Bank AFTA ASEAN Free-Trade Area APEC Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation ASEAN Association of Southeast Asian Nations ASEM Asia-Europe Meeting BAT Vietnam- America Bilateral Trade Agreement CCI Current Competitiveness Index EU European Union FAO Food and Agriculture Organization GCI Growth Competitiveness Index GDP Gross Domestic Product GNP Gross National Product KSF Key Sucess Factors IMF International Monetary Fund ISO International Organization for Standardization NAIC National Association of Investors Corporation ROF Rate of fund ROS Rate of sales SPSS Statistical Package for the Social Sciences UN United Nations VASEP Vietnam Association of Seafood Exporters and Producers VCCI Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry WB World Bank WEF World Economic Forum LIST OF APPENDICES xi APPENDIX PAGE Survey Questionnaire 84 Competitiveness of Each Province 88 Anova Analysis 95 Post Hoc Tests 98 KSF Competitor Ranking Provinces of Northern Vietnam in Aquaculture Sector 106 Statistics Descriptive of Each Questions 107 ` ABSTRACT xii ACKNOWLEDGMENT I would like to express my utmost sincere thanks to the Management Board of the Southern Luzon State University, Thai Nguyen Universityand the teachersof the two universities who helped me facilitate the learning process throughout my study I would like to express my sincere and profoundgratitude to Dr Cecilia N Gascon, my enthusiastic adviser, who provided me with dedicated guidance, encouragement, andspent time in orienting me during this research I would like to express my sincere thanks to the Board of Directors of Aquaculture Enterprises in HaiPhong, QuangNinh, Nam Dinh, Thai Binh, NinhBinh, ThanhHoa Province who provided me withdata through the surveyquestionnaire I sincerely thank the Board of the Universityof Laborand Social Affairs (ULSA), colleagues in ULSA, and classmates in DBA who gave assistance enthusiastically and shared experiences that helped me to complete this thesis Finally, I would like to send this as a gift to my family whose enthusiasm and encouragement helped me to complete this dissertation PhanThi Mai Huong DEDICATION iv ACKNOWLEDGMENT I would like to express my utmost sincere thanks to the Management Board of the Southern Luzon State University, Thai Nguyen Universityand the teachersof the two universities who helped me facilitate the learning process throughout my study I would like to express my sincere and profoundgratitude to Dr Cecilia N Gascon, my enthusiastic adviser, who provided me with dedicated guidance, encouragement, andspent time in orienting me during this research I would like to express my sincere thanks to the Board of Directors of Aquaculture Enterprises in HaiPhong, QuangNinh, Nam Dinh, Thai Binh, NinhBinh, ThanhHoa Province who provided me withdata through the surveyquestionnaire I sincerely thank the Board of the Universityof Laborand Social Affairs (ULSA), colleagues in ULSA, and classmates in DBA who gave assistance enthusiastically and shared experiences that helped me to complete this thesis Finally, I would like to send this as a gift to my family whose enthusiasm and encouragement helped me to complete this dissertation PhanThi Mai Huong DEDICATION iv Finally, this study found out that there were identified gaps on profile such as organizational structure and company culture ; autonomy research & development and financial management ; knowledge transfer impacting responsiveness and absorptive capacity; competitive advantage affecting production capacity and product design ; and government policies focusing more on the enhancement of the Central Management Unit ; hence, all the identified gaps are recommended for capacity enhancement among the local suppliers of Canon Vietnam xv ...APPROVAL SHEET The Dissertation of PHAN THI MAI HUONG entitled FACTORS AFFECTING THE COMPETITIVENESS OF SMALL AND MEDIUM SIZED AQUACULTURE ENTERPRISES IN THE NORTH OF VIETNAM Submitted in Partial... encouragement, andspent time in orienting me during this research I would like to express my sincere thanks to the Board of Directors of Aquaculture Enterprises in HaiPhong, QuangNinh, Nam Dinh, Thai Binh,... …………………………………………………… 116 LIST OF TABLES vii CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY iii TABLE PAGE LIST OF FIGURES ix FIGURE PAGE Map of the Coastal Provinces in North Vietnam 31 Competitiveness in Terms of Financial Capability