Nghiên cứu phát triển hệ thống định vị vô tuyến trong nhà sử dụng anten điều khiển búp sóng

Nghiên cứu phát triển hệ thống định vị vô tuyến trong nhà sử dụng anten điều khiển búp sóng Nghiên cứu phát triển hệ thống định vị vô tuyến trong nhà sử dụng anten điều khiển búp sóng Nghiên cứu phát triển hệ thống định vị vô tuyến trong nhà sử dụng anten điều khiển búp sóng luận văn tốt nghiệp,luận văn thạc sĩ, luận văn cao học, luận văn đại học, luận án tiến sĩ, đồ án tốt nghiệp luận văn tốt nghiệp,luận văn thạc sĩ, luận văn cao học, luận văn đại học, luận án tiến sĩ, đồ án tốt nghiệp

TR B GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO NG Đ I H C BÁCH KHOA HÀ N I BÙI TH DUYÊN NGHIÊN C U PHÁT TRI N H TH NG Đ NH V VÔ TUY N TRONG NHÀ S D NG ANTEN ĐI U KHI N BÚP SÓNG LU N ÁN TI N Sƾ K THU T ĐI U KHI N VÀ T Hà N i ậ 2020 Đ NG HÓA TR B GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO NG Đ I H C BÁCH KHOA HÀ N I BÙI TH DUYÊN NGHIÊN C U PHÁT TRI N H TH NG Đ NH V VÔ TUY N TRONG NHÀ S D NG ANTEN ĐI U KHI N BÚP SÓNG Ngành: K thu t u n t đ ng hóa Mã s : 9520216 LU N ÁN TIẾN SĨ K THU T ĐI U KHI N VÀ T CÁN B Đ NG HÓA HƯ NG DẪN KHOA HỌC: PGS.TS NGUY N QU C CƯỜNG Hà N i ậ 2020 L I CAM ĐOAN Tôi xin cam đoan kết qu khoa học đ ợc trình bày luận án thành qu nghiên c u c a b n thân suốt th i gian nghiên c u sinh Các kết qu trình bày luận án trung thực ch a đ ợc tác gi khác cơng bố Các thơng tin trích dẫn luận án trung thực, đ ợc rõ nguồn gốc Hà Nội, ngày 28 tháng 01 năm 2020 Ng i h ớng dẫn khoa học PGS.TS Nguy n Qu c C ng Tác gi luận án Bùi Th Duyên i L IC M N Đầu tiên, xin gửi l i c m ơn sâu sắc nh t đến PGS.TS Nguyễn Quốc C ng, TS Lê Minh Thùy đư dành nhiều th i gian, tâm huyết để trực tiếp h ớng dẫn, định h ớng, tạo động lực nghiên c u hỗ trợ nghiên c u sinh mặt để hồn thành luận án Tơi xin chân thành c m ơn ban lưnh đạo đồng nghiệp thuộc Khoa Kỹ thuật điều khiển Tự động hóa, Tr ng Đại học Điện lực đư tạo điều kiện thuận lợi cho trình học tập, nghiên c u Xin trân trọng c m ơn Bộ môn Kỹ thuật đo Tin học cơng nghiệp, Viện Điện, Phịng Đào tạo, thuộc tr ng Đại học Bách khoa Hà Nội giúp đỡ mặt chuyên môn hỗ trợ th tục q trình học tập, hồn thành luận án Xin trân trọng c m ơn Bộ môn Thông tin vô tuyến, khoa Điện tử Viễn thông, tr ng Đại học Công nghệ, Đại học Quốc gia Hà Nội TS Phan Hồng Ph ơng, phịng thí nghiệm IMEP-LAHC, Đại học Grenoble, Pháp giúp đỡ đo kiểm mẫu anten mạch điện tử cho luận án Qua đây, xin gửi l i c m ơn chân thành đến thành viên nhóm nghiên c u thuộc phòng Lab – RF3I, Viện Điện, bạn bè đồng nghiệp đư quan tâm giúp đỡ, động viên th i gian vừa qua Cuối cùng, xin gửi tình c m yêu quý nh t đến thành viên gia đình, ng án i động viên, hỗ trợ mặt để tơi hồn thành luận ii M CL C L I CAM ĐOAN i L I C M N ii M C L C iii DANH M C CÁC CH VI T T T vi DANH M C CÁC KÝ HI U TOÁN H C viii DANH M C CÁC HÌNH VẼ ix DANH M C CÁC B NG BI U xii M Đ U 1 Tính c p thi t c a đ tài Nh ng v n đ t n t i vƠ h ng nghiên cứu c a lu n án 3 M c tiêu, đ i t ng ph m vi nghiên cứu ụ nghĩa khoa h c c a đ tài Nh ng đóng góp c a lu n án C u trúc nội dung c a lu n án T NG QUAN V H TH NG Đ NH V VÔ TUY N TRONG NHÀ S D NG ANTEN ĐI U KHI N BÚP SÓNG 10 1.1 T ng quan v h th ng đ nh v vô n nhà 10 Hệ thống định vị vô tuyến sử dụng anten truyền thống 10 Hệ thống định vị vơ tuyến sử dụng anten điều khiển búp sóng 14 Kết luận 15 1.2 Các c u hình đ nh v 17 C u hình tự định vị 17 C u hình định vị từ xa 18 1.3 S đ kh i chức c a h th ng đ nh v 18 Đối t ợng 19 Khối đo tham số vị trí 19 Thuật toán xác định vị trí đối t ợng 20 Hiển thị vị trí 21 1.4 Các kỹ thu t đ nh v 21 Tham số vị trí 22 Ph ơng pháp định vị 26 1.5 Anten vƠ anten u n búp sóng h th ng đ nh v vơ n 39 iii Anten anten m ng 39 Anten điều khiển búp sóng hệ thống định vị vô tuyến 41 1.6 K t lu n ch ng 46 H TH NG Đ NH V VÔ TUY N BA TR M TRONG NHÀ 47 2.1 Gi i thi u ch ng 47 2.2 Gi i pháp anten u n búp sóng m ng pha d i qu t hẹp 48 Gi i pháp thiết kế anten phần tử l ỡng cực mạch d i 48 Thiết kế dịch pha vi d i sử dụng ma trận Butler 56 Kết qu anten điều khiển búp sóng m ng pha d i quạt hẹp 62 2.3 Thực nghi m h th ng đ nh v ba tr m s d ng anten u n búp sóng d i qu t hẹp 70 C u hình hoạt động c a hệ thống 70 Thử nghiệm ph ơng pháp định vị 73 Kết luận đánh giá hệ thống 79 2.4 K t lu n ch ng 81 H TH NG Đ NH V VÔ TUY N TRONG NHÀ Đ N TR M S D NG ANTEN ĐI U KHI N BÚP SÓNG 83 3.1 Gi i thi u ch ng 83 Hệ định vị đơn trạm sử dụng AĐKBS m ng pha 83 Hệ định vị đơn trạm sử dụng AĐKBS chuyển búp 84 3.2 Gi i pháp thi t k anten u n búp sóng m ng pha d i qu t rộng 85 3.3 Gi i pháp thi t k anten u n búp sóng chuy n búp phân cực tròn 87 Anten phân cực tròn sử dụng kỹ thuật quay 88 Thiết kế anten điều khiển búp sóng chuyển búp phân cực tròn 95 3.4 Thực nghi m h th ng đ nh v đ n tr m tích h p anten u n búp sóng m ng pha d i qu t rộng 97 C u hình hoạt động c a hệ thống 97 Thử nghiệm ph ơng pháp định vị 98 Kết luận đánh giá hệ thống 102 3.5 Thực nghi m h th ng đ n tr m tích h p anten u n búp sóng chuy n búp phân cực tròn 105 C u hình hệ thống 105 Ph ơng pháp định vị d u vân tay 109 Kết luận đánh giá hệ thống 117 iv 3.6 K t lu n ch ng 118 K T LU N CHUNG C A LU N ÁN 120 DANH M C CÁC CỌNG TRỊNH ĐÃ CỌNG B C A LU N ÁN 122 TÀI LI U THAM KH O 123 v DANH M C CÁC CH Ký hi u vi t t t ANN AoA AP BGI BW CSI DoA ESPRIT FNBW HPBW IPS ISM KNN LoS LS MAC ML MSoS MUSIC MVDR NICs PoA QPD RB RF RFID RP RSS RSSI Ti ng Anh VI T T T Ti ng Vi t Artificial Neural Networks Mạng trí tuệ nhân tạo Angle of Arrival Góc tới Access Point Điểm truy cập Bilateral Greed Iteration Lặp tham lam Bandwidth Độ rộng băng thông Channel State Information Thông tin trạng thái kênh Direction of Arrival H ớng góc tới Estimation of Signal Parameters via ớc l ợng tham số tín hiệu dựa Rotational Invariance Technique vào kỹ thuật b t biến quay First Null Power Beamwidth Độ rộng không Half Power Beamwidth Độ rộng búp sóng nửa cơng su t Indoor Positioning System Hệ thống định vị nhà Industrial, Scientific and Medical Công nghiệp, khoa học y tế K-Nearest Neighbors K hàng xóm gần nh t Line-of-Sight Truyền thẳng Least Squares Bình ph ơng tối thiểu Medium Access Control Điều khiển truy cập môi tr ng Maximum Likelihood Hợp lý nh t Tổng bình ph ơng kho ng cách Minimizes the Sum of Square nhỏ nh t Multiple Signal Classification Phân loại tín hiệu đa đ ng Minimum Variance Distortionless Đáp ng không méo ph ơng sai Response cực tiểu Network Interface Cards Bo mạch giao diện mạng Phase Of Arrival Pha tới Quadrature Power Divider Bộ chia đôi nguồn vuông pha Router Board Bộ định tuyến Radio Frequency Sóng vơ tuyến Radio Frequency Identification Định danh sóng điện từ Remote-Positioning Định vị từ xa Received Signal Strength C ng độ tín hiệu thu Received Signal Strength Indicator Chỉ số c ng độ tín hiệu thu vi SR SSID SVD TDoA ToA UWB VSWR Wi-Fi Space and Frequency Division Đa truy cập theo không gian tần multiple access số Sequential Rotated Quay Service Set Identifier Mư định danh dịch vụ Singular Value Decomposition Phân tích giá trị riêng Time Difference of Arrival Độ lệch th i gian tới Time of Arival Th i gian tới Ultra-WideBand Băng thông siêu rộng Voltage Standing Wave Ratio Tỷ số điện áp sóng đ ng Wireless Fidelity Truy cập mạng không dây WKNN Weighted K-nearest neighbor SFDMA AĐKBS CSDL ĐT ĐVTX ĐVTXGT LC-ĐaH LC-DâX LC-ĐiH TĐV TĐVGT K hàng xóm gần nh t có trọng số Anten điều khiển búp sóng Cơ s liệu Đối t ợng Định vị từ xa Định vị từ xa gián tiếp L ỡng cực mạch d i đa h ớng L ỡng cực mạch d i dẫn xạ L ỡng cực mạch d i định h ớng Tự định vị Tự định vị gián tiếp vii DANH M C CÁC KÝ HI U TOÁN H C TT Ký hi u k Hệ số sóng khơng gian tự (k = 2π/) εr Hằng số điện môi εeff Hằng số điện mơi 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