Dieãn taû 1 haønh ñoäng ñaõ xaûy ra vaø keùo daøi 1 thôøi gian trong quaù khöù coù thôøi gian xaùc ñònh cuï theå – coù giôø , coù ngaøy (khoâng duøng thì naøy vôùi ñoäng töø khoâng keù[r]
(1)I.The Present Simple Tense Form
Affirmative: S + V… Negative: S + do/does + not + V… Interrogative: Do/Does + S + V….? *Notes: to be(and modal verbs)
Affirmative: S + am/is/are…… Negative:: S + am/is/are + not… Interrogative: Am/Is/Are + S ….? Use
a Diễn tả hành động thói quen (always, usually, often, sometimes, occasionally, seldom, rarely, every…….)
Ex: I usually go to school in the afternoon
b Diễn tả chân lí, thật lúc Ex: The earth moves around the sun
Đối với thứ ba số ít: He, She, It a Thêm “S” vào sau động từ thường Ex: Lan often gets up early in the morning
b Thêm “ES” vào sau động từ tận là: ch, sh, s, x, o, z Ex: He watches a lot of TV on Sundays
II.The Present Progressive Tense
Form - Affirmative: S + am/is/are + V-ing…… - Negative: S + am/is/are + not + V-ing… - Interrogative: Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing ….?
Use + Diễn tả hành động xảy lúc nói (now, at the moment, at this time, at present….)
Ex: - I am looking for the latest newspaper now
+Diễn tả hành động xảy tương lai g ần Ex: -He is coming tomorrow
Note:
Một số động từ không dùng Present Progressive, mà dùng ở Present Simple: to be, to want, to need, to have (có), to know, to understand,to think , to love, to hate…
Ex: - We are tenth-grade students now
- I understand the lesson at the moment EXERCISES
Put the verbs in parentheses into the correct tense: He (practice) _ the piano every day I (believe) you
(2)5 John (hate) smoke
6 Jill always (get up) at 6.00 a.m
7 Maryam (stay) with us at the moment
8 Listen to those people! What language they (speak) _? It (not rain) much in our country in winter KEY:
1.practices believe has
4 is swimming hates
6 gets up is staying
8 are they speaking does not rain
2.Give the right tense of the verbs in brackets: Simple Present or Present
Progressive.
1 I (have) ……… coffee for breakfast every morning The student (look up) ……… that new word right now
3 It (rain) ………… very much in the summer It (rain) ……… now
4 Look! A man (run) ……… after the train He (want) ……… to catch it
5 Excuse me,I(have) ……… a customer
6 My mother (cook) ………… some food in the kitchen at present.She always(cook) ……… in the morning
7 Listen! I (hear) ……… someone knocking at the front door
8 I (do) ………… an exercise on the present tense at this moment and I (think) ………… that I (know) ………… how to use it now
KEY: 1.have
2.is looking up 3.rains / is raining 4.is running / wants 5.have
6.is cooking / cooks 7.hear
8.am doing / think/know
III.The Present Perfect Tense 1 Form
- Affirmative: S + has/have +V3/ed… - Negative: S + has/have + not + V3/ed… - Interrogative: Has/Have + S + V3/ed….?
(3)a Diễn tả hành động xảy khứ kéo dài đến (never, ever, not…yet, since, for, so far, until now, up to now,…….)
Ex: We have learnt English for years
b Diễn tả hành động vừa xảy (just, recently, lately) Ex: She has just gone out
c Diễn tả hành động xảy khứ không xác định rõ thời
gian (already, before)
Ex: Have you seen this movie before? 3 Notes
a Cách dùng since for
- SINCE: mốc thời gian (2000, September, I last saw you, …) - FOR: khoảng thời gian (3 months, a long time, ages, …) b S + has/have +V3/ed…… since + S + V2/ed….
Ex: We have known each other since we worked in this factory
c Các trạng từ: never, ever, just, already thường đứng trợ động từ (has/ have) động từ (V3/ed)
Ex: I have already finished my homework IV The Present Perfect Progressive Tense: 1 Form
- Affirmative: S + has/have +been+V-ing
- Negative: S + has/have + not +been+V-ing - Interrogative: Has/Have + S + been+V-ing ?
2 Use
-Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu khứ kéodài liên tục đến hiên tại(thường dùng với : since+mốc thời gian; for+khoảng thời gian)
*Lưu ý: Khơng dùng vơí động từ nhận thức, tri giác EXERCISES
1.Give the right tense of the verbs in brackets: Present Perfect or Present
Perfect Progressive.
1 I (wait) ……… for two hours, but she (not come) ……… yet
2 I (try) ……… to learn English for years, but (not succeed) ………… yet
3 Mary (rest) …… in the garden Christmas all day because she (be) …… ill
4 She (work) … so hard this week that she (not have) … time to go to the movies
We (live) …… here for the last six years, and (just decide) ……… to move
KEY:
(4)3.has been resting/ has been has been working/ hasn’t had have been living/ have just decided
2.Give the right tense of the verbs in brackets: Present tenses. I (be) ……… sorry I (forget) ……… that fellow’s name Jack (look) ……… no trouble with his English exercises up to now Michael (work) ………… thirty hours a week
4 At present, that author (write) ……… a historical novel
5 The weather generally (get) ……… quite hot in July and August How long (you learn) ……… English?
7 My brother (just graduate) ……… from Ho Chi Minh Training University
8 That brown briefcase (belong) ………… to Mr Pike
9 Linda (wait) ……… for you since noon She (sit) ……… in the living room
10.Yes, I (remember) ……… that other fellow’s name now KEY:
1.am/ have forgotten 2.has looked
3.works 4.is writing remember 5.gets
6.have you learnt 7.has just graduated 8.belongs
9.has been waiting/ is sitting 10 remember
V.The Past Simple Tense
Form - Affirmative: S + V2/ed… - Negative: S + did + not + V… - Interrogative: Did + S + V….? *Note: S + was/were……
S + was/were + not… Was/Were + S ….? Use
a Diễn tả hành động xảy khứ xác định rõ thời gian (yesterday, ago, last……, in the past, in 1990)
Ex: - My father bought this house 10 years ago - Mr Nam worked here in 1999
b Diễn tả loạt hành động xảy liên tiếp khứ
Ex: - Last night, I had dinner, did my homework, watched TV and went to bed
- When she came here in 1990, she worked as a teacher VI The Past progressive Tense
(5)- Affirmative: S + was/were+V-ing
- Negative: S + was/were+ not+V-ing - Interrogative: Was/Were+ S + V-ing….?
Use
Diễn tả hành động xảy kéo dài thời gian khứ có thời gian xác định cụ thể – có , có ngày (khơng dùng với động từ khơng kéo dài ) Hoặc có hành động khứ : Hành động cần có thời gian thực ta dùng Past Continuous; Hành động không cần thời gian mà thực được dùng Simple Past
EXERCISES
Give the right form of the verbs in brackets: Simple Past or Past Continuous
1 She ……… an interesting film on T.V last night (watch)
2 We ……… an interesting film on T.V at 7p.m last night (watch) When I ………at his house, he………… (arrive / still sleep) The light ……… out while we ………dinner (go / have)
5 While I ………around the park, I ………… Mr Lam (walk / see) While he ……… the piano, she ……… (play / sing)
KEY: watched
2 were watching
3 arrived/was still sleeping went/were having
5 was walking/ saw
6.was playing/ was singing (played/sang)
VII.The Past Perfect Tense
Form - Affirmative: S + had + V3/ed… - Negative: S + had + not + V3/ed… - Interrogative: Had + S + V3/ed….? Use
a Diễn tả hành động xảy trước thời điểm khứ Ex: By the end of last month, she had made skirts
b Diễn tả hành động xảy hoàn thành trước hành động khác khứ (before, after, by the time, when) Hành động xảy trước dùng Past Perfect, hành động xảy sau dùng Past Simple. Ex: - After Nam had done his homework, he went to bed
(6)Put the verbs in parentheses into the correct tense: John (write) _ his report last night
2 After John (wash) his clothes, he began to study Tim (go) to France last year
4 Guillermo (call) his employer yesterday
5 Jane sent a letter to his university after she (receive) _ her scholarship check
6 The plane (flip) _ ten times before it landed on its roof What you (do) last weekend?
8 Mr and Mrs Ba (take) some beautiful photos a few days ago Her brother (talk) _ to his pen pal on the phone at the moment 10 They (not contact) to each other for a long time
11 Nothing (be) done since I moved here
12 I used to walk to school when I (be) in primary school 13 Lan (drink) two bottles of water every day
14 Lan (be) a Vietnamese student She (be) _ born in Ho Chi Minh City She (go) abroad last year to study English She (learn) French before she began to study English She (make) great progress since she (get) _ there Next month, she will take the final exam She (be) _ able to get a good job when she (return) _ to Vietnam KEY:
1 wrote 2.had washed went
4 called
5 had received had flip did you took
9 is talking
10 have not contacted 11 has been
12 was 13 drinks