Unit 4 language focus

Nếu cả âm tiết 2 và 3 đều yếu, tất nhiên trọng âm sẽ rơi vào âm tiết đầu tiên.. e.g.1[r]

general primary

secondary September

/ ʤenərəl /

/

praıməri

// sekəndrı /

/

septembər /

ʤe praı se

I/ Pronunciation:

Stress in three-syllable words

- Đối với động từ, nêu âm tiết cuối âm tiết mạnh, có trọng âm

e.g entertain, resurrect

Nếu âm tiết cuối âm tiết yếu, trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết đứng trước

e.g encourage, encounter, determine,

Nếu âm tiết yếu, tất nhiên trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết

I/ Pronunciation:

Stress in three-syllable words

- Đối với danh từ, âm tiết cuối yếu hoặc tận əu âm tiết thứ

mạnh, trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ đó.

e.g. statistics, potato, disaster

Nếu âm tiết thứ âm tiết thứ âm tiết yếu, dĩ nhiên âm tiết có trọng âm

Listen and repeat

algebra carefully politics

physical chemistry academic

primary statistics computing

cinema compulsory September

/ septembər / / ælʤıbrə / / keəfullı / / pɒlətıks /

/ fzikəl / / kemıstrı / / ækədemık /

/ stətistıks /

/ praıməri / / kəmpju:tıŋ /

Practise reading these sentences

1 The academic school year generally commences in September

2 The typical school day normally finishes at 3.00 p.m in England

3 The national curriculum is usually set by the government The GCSE stands for the General Certificate of Secondary

Education

5 English, Maths and Science are compulsory in the national examination at certain stages of the school education

II/ Grammar: Passive Voice

2 Cách biến đổi từ câu chủ động sang bị động

Active: S V O

Passive: S Be + PII by O

1 Form: BE + Past participle (PII)

3 Cách chia thi cho động từ “to be” câu bị động

- Simple present: S + am/is/are + PII

e.g I am often invited to parties

- Present continuous: S + am/is/are + being + PII

e.g She is being asked a lot of questions.

- Present perfect S + have/has + been + PII

e.g This cake has been made by Mary

- Simple past S + was/ were + PII

e.g Tien Quan Ca was written by Nam Cao

- Past continuous S + was/ were + being + PII

3 Cách chia thi cho động từ “to be” câu bị động

- Past perfect S + had + been + PII

e.g The room had been cleaned before we came

- Simple future S + will + be + PII

e.g A new school will be built very soon

- Be going to S + is/are + going to + PII

e.g A story is going to be told by the teacher

- Modal verb : can/ could

Exercise 1: Fill each blank with the simple present passive form of the verb in brackets

2 Each term by a one-week break

3 The national curriculum _by the government and _ in all state schools

4 The national curriculum of more than ten subjects

5 The state school system _ for by the state

6 The advanced students to take part in the annual International Olympic

(separate)

(set, must follow)

( make up)

(pay)

(select)

is separated

must be followed

is set

is made up

is paid

Exercise 2:

Rewrite the following sentences using the passive voice They built this school in 1997

2 They first published this dictionary in 1870

3 The students in my class are going to organize a surprise party tomorrow evening

4 They are painting the kitchen now

6 They have translated Shakespeare’s tragedies into many languages

This school was built in 1997

This dictionary was published in 1870

A surprise party is going to be organized by the student in my class tomorrow evening

The kitchen is being painting now.

The world’s first electronic computer

(1 build) by the University of Pennsylvania in 1946 However, computers

(2 sell) commercially for the first time in the 1950s.Much progress on

computers (3.make) since 1950 Computers are now much smaller and more

powerful and they (4 can buy) much more cheaply

Exercise 3:

Complete the following passage

was built were sold

have been made

Computers _( use) in may fields – in business, science, medicine and education, for example They _ ( 6.can use) to forecast the weather or to control robots which make cars The computer’s memory is the place where information _ (7 store) and calculations _ (8 do) A computer cannot think for itself – it _ (9 must tell)

exactly what to A lot of difficult calculations _ (10 can do) very quickly on

computers

Exercise 3:

Complete the following passage

are used

can be used

is stored are done