Grammatical and semantic features of english idioms denoting negation with reference to their vietnamese equivalents

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING HANOI OPEN UNIVERSITY M.A THESIS Grammatical and semantic features of English idioms denoting negation with reference to their Vietnamese equivalents (Nghiên cứu đặc điểm cú pháp ngữ nghĩa thành ngữ chứa từ phủ định tiếng Anh có liên hệ với tương đương tiếng Việt) NGUYỄN THỊ HẰNG Field: English Linguistics Code: 8.22.02.01 Hà Nội, 11/2020 CERTIFICATE OF ORIGINALITY I, the undersigned , hereby certify my authority of the study project report entitled SYNTACTIC AND SEMANTIC FEATURES OF ENGLISH IDIOMS AND PROVERBS DENOTING “NEGATION” WITH REFERENCE TO THE VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master in English Language Except where the reference is indicated , no other person’s work has been used without due acknowledgement in the text of the thesis Hanoi, 2020 Nguyen Thi Hang Approved by SUPERVISOR Date:…………………………… i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to address my most sincere gratitute to the following people for their invaluable support and encouragement First and foremost, I would like to thank my supervisor – Nguyen Dang Suu, Ph.D for his outstanding supervision, kind treatment and remarkable devotion and for guiding, supporting, encouraging me and providing me with all the materials I would need for the research in order to complete this final assignment He was always there for me, without her help, things must be extremely difficult and impossible I would also like to give my thanks to all of my classmates for helping me finish my research From that I am able to bring out the results of the survey and have the most suitable suggestions for teaching and learning English idioms and proverbs denoting negation to students at high school In addition, I would like to thank all of the teachers and professors at Hanoi Open University for guiding, helping and motivating me when I am studying there Hanoi, tháng 12 năm 2020 Học viên Nguyen Thi Hang ii TABLE OF CONTENS PAGE CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale 1.2 Aims and objectives of the study 1.2.1 Aims of the study 1.2.2 Objectives of the study Research questions Methods of the study 1.5 Scope of the study 1.6 Significance of the study Structure of the study CHAPTER LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Review of Previous Studies 2.2 An overview of English idioms 2.2.1 Definition of idioms 2.2.2 Types of idioms 2.3 Idioms and other language units 10 2.3.1 Idioms and collocations 10 2.3.2 Idioms and proverbs 11 2.3.3 Idioms and phrases 13 2.4 Main features of “ negation” 13 2.4.1 Grammartical features 13 2.4.2 Semantic features 16 2.5 Definition of negation 17 2.5.1 Main features of negation in English 18 2.5.1 Main features of negation in Vietnamese 23 2.6 Summary 25 CHAPTER 3: ENGLISH IDIOMS DENOTING NEGATION WITH REFERENCE TO THE VIETNAMESE EQUIVALENTS 26 3.1 Semantic features of English idioms denoting negation with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents 26 3.1 Phrase Structures 26 Noun phrase 26 iii 3.1.1.2 Verb phrase 28 3.1.1.3 Adjective phrase 31 3.1.1.4 Adverb phrase 32 3.1.1.5 Prepositional phrase 32 3.1.2 Sentence Structures 34 3.2 Semantic features of English idioms denoting negation with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents 38 3.2.1 Ability 39 3.2.2.Activities 39 3.2.3 Age 40 3.2.4 Personality 41 3.2.5 Psychological State 41 3.2.6 Money 41 3.2.7 Power 42 3.2.8 Situation 42 3.2.9 Success and Failure 42 3.2.10 Warnings 43 3.2.11 Advice 43 3.2.12 Appearance 44 3.2.13 Time 44 3.2.14 Characteristics (Human characteristics and characteristics of objects) 44 3.2.15 Quality…………………………………………………………………… 45 3.3 Comparison between English idioms denoting negation with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents 45 3.3.1 In terms of grammatical features 45 3.3.2 In terms of semantic features 47 3.4 Implications of teaching English idioms and proverbs to students 49 3.4.1 For teaching 49 3.4.2 For learning 50 3.5 Summary 50 CHAPTER 4: CONCLUSION 52 5.1 Recapitulation 52 5.2 Concluding remarks 52 5.3 Limitation of the study 63 iv 5.4 Recommendations for further study 53 REFERENCES v ABSTRACT This thesis attempts to investigate grammatical and semantic features of English idioms and provervs denoting negation with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents The study is implemented via the adoptions of descriptive and contrastive, inductive, and deductive methods The investigation is based on 252 samples of English idioms and provervs denoting negation with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents from a wide variety of dictionaries and websites about idioms The findings are compared and contrasted to reveal the outstanding similarities and differences between English idioms and provervs denoting negation and their Vietnamese equivalents in terms of grammatical and semantics Additionally, some suggested implications will help me teach students how to learn and use idioms and provervs denoting negation in social situation vi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS A Adverbial Adj Adjective Adv Adverb C Complement Conjunction EIN English idoms denoting negation N Noun NP Noun Phrase O Object P Predicate Prep Preposition Prepositional Phrase Pronoun Prep.P Pro S Subject V Verb VP Verb Phrase Neg negation vii LIST OF TABLES Table 3.1 The structures of EIDN noun phrase and their Vietnamese equivalents……………… ……………………………………………………27 Table 3.2 The structures of EIDN verb phrase and their Vietnamese equivalents……………………………………….……………………….……30 Table 3.3 The structures of EIDN adjective phrase and their VietnameseEquivalents…………………………………….……….….…… 31 Table 3.4 The structures of EIDN prepositional phrase and their Vietnamese Equivalents……………………………………………………….34 Table 3.5 Sentential structures of EIDN and their Vietnamese equivalents…………………………………………………………….……….35 Table 3.6 A summary of EIDN and their Vietnamese equivalents ingrammatical Structure………………………………………….………… 36 viii CHAPTER INTRODUCTION 1.1 Rationale Nowadays, together with the growth of global connection, English language has become more and more important Especially in Vietnam, learning English seems to be one of main tasks of students In this process, they encounter a large number of difficulties One of them is understanding idioms Every country or nation has got their own idioms that are specific to their own culture, while many idioms and proverbs have equivalents in several languages What refers to the equal shared human nature in many cultures? Learning specific idioms related to a certain culture helps you learn more about the history, customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of its culture Idioms make a language more interesting and vibrant Mastering idioms means using and understanding the language more like a native speaker As for English learners, effectively communicating with others especially with native speakers is the ultimate goal And we cannot reach that goal if we pay little or even no attention to the idioms So grasping the use of idioms is an essential part of English study Idioms are everywhere You will find them in newspapers, books, magazines, on the radio, on the television, in everyday conversation and at work Understanding the meaning of idioms in general and idioms which contain words denoting negation in particular is the first difficulty of learners and the second one is the way of using idioms in each specific context Moreover, Studying idioms which contains words denoting negation is a part of language learning and it can help learners use language more naturally and effectively As a high-school teacher, I know that understanding the meaning of idioms in general and idioms which denote negation in particular is the first difficulty of learners and the second one is the way of using idioms in each specific context Moreover studying idioms which denote negation is a part of language learning and it can help learners use language more naturally and effectively I am interested in the way English and Vietnamese people use idioms to satisfy their own need in daily communication Here and there, there are several studies on idioms with certain linguistic units Thus, the topic “Grammatical and semantic features of English idioms denoting "negation" with reference to their Vietnamese equivalents” is chosen for my thesis Hopefully, the result of the study will be every day life Therefore, learners will not understand what the speakers mean through idioms and proverbs in communicating if they not have knowledge of idioms and proverbs An important first step is exposing learners to idioms and proverbs in context, which isuseful to the learners in comprehending Learners should beencouraged to infer the meaning of the idiom or proverbs by using contextual clues orbackground knowledge After presenting idioms or proverbs in context to help learners infertheir meanings, teachers should revise the idioms that have been studied This canbe done in some ways, including typical vocabulary exercises like matching idiomsto their meanings, filling in blanks with the appropriate idioms, replacingunderlined expressions with an idiom, etc Next, another significant way is thatteachers also provide learners with strategies for dealing with figurative language Through a greater awareness of idioms, their literal meaning and underlying conceptual metaphors, learners will be better equipped with figurative language and make sense of it without teacher’s guidance Our viewpoint is that more emphasis should be put on the teaching of EIDN and their Vietnamese equivalents to Vietnamese learners of English at all levels in order to raise their awareness in learning EIDN and their Vietnamese equivalents 4.3 Limitation of the study However, this graduation paper remains some limitations Firstly, it only viewed into the grammatical and semantic features of negation Pragmatics, a large category of English grammar has not been mentioned It shows that, this thesis paper has not focused on the communicative function of negation Secondly, the contrastive analysis given out is considered as one-way study which examines the features in English and then compares it with Vietnamese equivalents The writer doesn’t focus on negative points in Vietnamese but English Negation can be considered a universal feature of natural languages in the sense that all languages possess a system to negate utterances in one way or another However, there is a wide variety of morphological and grammatical rules that linguists have studied on this category with different points of view That the reason why the writer hopes to receive comments and suggestions for the further studies as well as for completing the findings mentioned in this graduation paper My study cannot cover all aspects of English idioms with reference to the Vietnameseequivalents but has attempted to investigate English idioms denoting “negation” with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents from general grammatical and semantic perspective 4.4 Recommendations for further study 52 I have made great efforts to investigate English idioms denoting “negation” with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents in terms of syntax and semantics However, because of many unreasonable factors, I cannot study other aspects ofEINP with regards to the Vietnamese equivalent; therefore, I have some suggestions for the further research as follows: - An Investigation into English idioms denoting “negation”and Their Vietnamese Equivalents - An Investigation into Pragmatic and Cultural Aspects of English idioms denoting “negation”and Their Vietnamese Equivalents - An Investigation into English idioms denoting “negation”and Vietnamese idioms denoting the word ‘không, chẳng, chưa, đâu, etc… 53 REFERENCES In English 1.Ahmadi, M (2017) A contrastive analysis of idioms and idiomatic expressions in three English and Persian novels for translation purposes Language Art, 2(4), 103116 doi:10.22046/LA.2017.22 2.Apresjan, V (2014) Syntactic idioms across languages: Corpus evidence from Russian and English Russian Linguistics, 38, 187-203 doi:10.1007/s11185-0149127-0 Cooper, T C (1998) Teaching idioms Foreign Language Annals, 31(2), 255-266 doi:10.1111/j.1944-9720.1998.tb00572.x Dąbrowska, A (2018) A syntactic study of idioms: Psychological states in English and their constraints Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Cambridge Scholars Deuter, M., Bradbery, J., & Turnbull, J (Eds.) (2018) Oxford advanced learner’s dictionary (9th ed.) Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press 6.Dixon, R M W (2005) A semantic approach to English grammar (2nd ed.) Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press Dobrovol’skij, D (2000) Contrastive idiom analysis: Russian and German idioms in theory and in the bilingual dictionary International Journal of Lexicography, 13(3), 169-186 Downing, A., & Locke, P (2006) English grammar: A university course (2nd ed.) London, UK: Routledge Gehrke, B., & McNally, L (2019) Idioms and the syntax/semantics interface of descriptive content vs reference Linguistics, 57(4), 769-814 doi:10.1515/ling-20190016 10 Givón, T (2001) Syntax: An introduction (Vol 1) Philadelphia, PA: John Benjamins 11 Horn, L R (2001) A natural history of negation Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.(Original work published 1989) 12 James, C (1980) Contrastive analysis Harlow, England: Longman 13 Jespersen, O (1917) Negation in English and other languages Cohenhagen, Denmark: Andr Fred Host & Son 54 14 Kimball, J P (Ed.) (1972) Syntax and semantics (Vol 1) New York, NY:Seminar Press 15 O’Grady, W (1998) The syntax of idioms Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 16, 279-313 doi:10.1023/A:1005932710202 16 Palmer, F R (1981) Semantics (2nd ed.) Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press 17 Perevezentseva, Y S (2015) Towards lexicographic description of idioms in the English language: Comparative analysis Journal of Siberian Federal University Humanities and Social Sciences, 11, 2572-2581 18 Pullum, G K., & Huddleston, R (2002) Negation In R Huddleston & G K Pullum (Eds.), The Cambridge grammar of the English language (pp 785-850) Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press 19 Quirk, R., Greenbaum, S., Leech, G., & Svartvik, J (1985) A comprehensive grammar of the English language New York, NY: Longman 20 Schenk, A (1995) The syntactic behavior of idioms In M Everaert, E.-J van der Linden, A Schenk, & R Schreuder (Eds.), Idioms: Structural and psychological perspectives (pp 253-272) New York, NY: Psychology Press 21 Yusifova, G I (2013) Syntactic features of English idioms International Journal of English Linguistics, 3(3), 133-138 doi:10.5539/ijel.v3n3p133 22 Zoltán Kovecses, P S (1996) Idioms: A view from cognitive semantics Applied Linguistics, 17(3), 326-355 doi:10.1093/applin/17.3.326 In Viet Nam 23 Ban, D Q (1989) Ngữ pháp Tiếng Việt phổ thông [Vietnamese grammar in use] (Vol 2) Hanoi, Vietnam: University and Vocational School Press 24 Đạt, H (2000) Tiếng Việt thực hành [Vietnamese in use] Hanoi, Vietnam: Culture and Information Press 25 Hạo, C X (1991) Tiếng Việt: Sơ thảo ngữ pháp chức [Vietnamese: Notes on Systemic Functional Grammar] Hanoi, Vietnam: Social Sciences Press 26 Hạo, C X (2017) Tiếng Việt - Mấy vấn đề ngữ âm, ngữ pháp ngữ nghĩa [Vietnamese language: Some issues in pronunciation, grammar and meaning] Hanoi, Vietnam: Social Science Publishing House 55 APPENDIX No joy Không lấy làm vui lòng No brow Người ngốc nghếch No chance Khơng đời No offense Khơng có ý xúc phạm No lie! Thật không đùa No fair Không công No dice Không đồng ý Without exception Khơng có ngoại lệ Never fails Không thất bại 10 No business Không có quyền 11 No need Khơng cần thiết 12 No ifs or buts Khơng nhị hết 13 No comparison Khơng có khác biệt 14 No trouble Khơng thành vấn đề 15 No use Vơ ích 16 No good Vơ ích 17 No contest Khơng bàn cãi 18 Never a whit Chẳng tý 19 No mistake Không nhầm lẫn 20 No big deal Không nghiêm trọng 21 No hard feelings Đừng tức giận/ đừng cay cú 22 No earthly reason Lý nghỉ không hợp lý 23 Be no great shakes Không ấn tượng 24 No harm, no foul Thùng rỗng kêu to 25 No guts, no glory Có chí làm quan, có gan làm giàu 26 No pain without gain Có chí làm quan, có gan làm giàu 27 No guide, no realization Không thầy đố mày làm nên 28 No rule without an exception Khơng có ngun tắc khơng có ngoại lệ 29 No garden without its weeds Khơng có hồn hảo 30 No smoke without fire Khơng có lửa có khói 31 There is no pleasure without pain Khơng có sung sướng mà khơng có đau khổ i 32 There is no rose without thorn Hồng hồng chẳng có gai/ Gái gái chẳng hay ghen chồng 33 Not take no for an answer Bắt buộc phải làm 34 No time like present Làm không chờ đợi 35 Not bed of roses Không phải thảm hồng 36 No horse in the race Không nhận đầu tư 37 No problems with some one Không thành vấn đề với 38 No rest for the wicked Phải chăm 39 No peace for the wicked Có tật giật 40 No doubt about it Khơng nghi ngờ hết 41 No wisdom like silence Khơng có thông minh im lặng 42 No place like home Ta ta tắm ao ta 43 No joy in Moundville Thật buồn 44 Not the sharpest tool in the shed Không thông minh cho 45 Without a care in the world Chẳng màng 46 No end in sight Không thể thay đổi 47 No two ways about it Khơng cịn cách khác 48 No point in st Khơng có mục đích 49 No problem with something Không thành vấn đề với 50 There is no rest for the weary Làm, làm nữa, làm 51 Not in a month of Sundays Điều khơng xảy xa 52 Not right in one’s head Hâm hâm 53 Be not in the business of (doing something) Khơng có nghĩa vụ để làm việc 54 Without a stitch of clothing (on) Khơng mảnh vải che thân 55 No question asked Không hỏi hết 56 No holds barred Khơng giữ lại 57 No use crying over spilled milk Đừng hối tiếc 58 Not all it’s cracked up to be Không lời đồn 59 No kidding Không phải đùa đâu 60 No trespassing on someone’s land Khơng phép vào mà khơng có cho phép ii 61 I’m not being funny Không phải đùa đâu 62 Without turning a hair Phớt tỉnh, không sợ hãi 63 Not on speaking term with someone Bất hòa đến mức khơng nói chuyện với 64 Nobody has ever shed tears without seeing a coffin Chưa thấy quan tài chưa đổ lệ 65 Without (even) blinking an eye Không chớp mắt 66 Without batting an eye Không chớp mắt 67 Without breaking (one's) stride Không làm chùn bước 68 Never ending Dường không dứt 69 Not getting anywhere Khơng có tiến triển 70 Have no staying power Không đủ lực 71 No accounting for taste Chẳng biết đâu 72 No laughing matter Một vấn đề nghiêm trọng 73 Says no more Khơng bàn (về vấn đề đó) 74 Go off without so much as Bỏ khơng nói lời 75 Cut no ice Chẳng liên quan tới 76 Have sunk without trace Biến không dấu vết 77 Get along without any help Vẫn xoay sở dù khơng có giúp đỡ 78 Carry on without someone Tiếp tục làm mà khơng cần có 79 Have no strings attached Không giới hạn thời gian 80 Leave no stone unturned Khơng bỏ sót điều 81 spare no effort to Nỗ lực 82 have no heart for Khơng cịn tâm trạng 83 have no business Ving Khơng có quyền làm 84 No oil painting Vẻ ngồi khơng đẹp 85 Be of no account Không nên quan trọng 86 Have in no way Không đời 87 Cannot by stretch Không thể 88 Be under no illusion Không ảo tưởng 89 No more Không chút iii 90 No better than Không tệ 91 Not any long Khơng cịn 92 It is not much to look at Không bắt mắt 93 not short of a bob or two Rất giàu có 94 In less than no more Rất sớm 95 No longer Khơng cịn 96 Without so much as Khơng có điều 97 In no way Khơng đời 98 By no stretch Dù suy diễn 99 Under no circumstances Dù hoàn cảnh 100 in no mood Khơng có tâm trạng 101 In no circumstances Dù hoàn cảnh 102 In no way, shape, or form Dù khía cạnh 103 In next to no time Rất nhanh 104 In no uncertain terms Không dự/ 105 It’s no use Ving Thật vô ích làm 106 No one is an island Sống phải biết người biết ta 107 Poverty is not a crime Nghèo tội 108 There’s no love lost between them Ghét xúc đất đổ 109 Necessity knows no law Cùng tắc biến 110 The point of no return Phi lao phải theo lao 111 There is no love lost Thù không đội trời trung 112 There is no rest for the weary Làm, làm , làm 113 There is no such thing as a free lunch Có làm có ăn 114 Misfortunes never come singly Họa vơ đơn chí 115 A dumb priest never got a parish Con khơng khóc mẹ cho bú 116 Not miss a trick Không bỏ lỡ hội 117 Be is without a care in the world Chẳng lo lắng điều iv 118 A prophet is not without honor save in his own country Người có tài thường khơng cơng nhận 119 Be not long for this world Hấp hối, 120 There is no accounting for taste Mỗi người sở thích 121 Have no heart for Khơng cịn tâm trạng cho 122 A lies has no legs Giấu đầu hở đuôi 123 A shut mouth catches no flies Đa ngôn đa quán 124 Good wine needs no bush Hữu xạ tự nhiên hương 125 No news is good new Khơng có tin nghĩa có tin tốt 126 No man is an island Mọi người cần có để sống tồn 127 No man can serve two master Không thờ hai chủ 128 Poverty is not a crime Nghèo tội 129 One swallow does not make a summer Một én không làm nên mùa xuân 130 The leopard cannot change his spots Bản tính khó dời 131 Dog does not eat dog Chó khơng ăn thịt chó 132 Clothes not make the man Quần áo không làm nên người 133 You never know your luck Dịp may không đến hai lần 134 Never tell your enemy that your foot aches Đừng vạch áo cho người xem lưng 135 Never darken one’s door again Đừng trở lại nơi 136 The cake not worth the candle Thứ đạt không bù công sức bỏ 137 Never spend money before you have it Đừng tiêu tiền chưa có 138 No plan survives contact with the enemy Tùy ứng biến 139 Chain is no stronger than its weakest link Con sâu làm rầu nồi canh 140 Never buy a pig in poke Đừng mua lợn bị/ đừng bị lừa v 141 Never look a gift horse in the mouth Đừng nên xét nét với thứ người ta biếu 142 A tale never loses in the telling Tam thất 143 You can’t tell a book by its cover Đừng trông mặt mà bắt hình dong 144 You can’t teach an old dog new tricks Tre già khó uốn 145 can't get blood from a stone Không thể đạt điều 162 you cannot get (take) blood (out of) stone Khơng thể làm mũi lịng kẻ nhẫn tâm 163 no great shakes Không giỏi với 164 no slouch at language Rất giỏi ngoại ngữ 165 no mean achievement Thành tích đáng kể 166 there’s no way to tell Điều khó nói 167 without number Khơng thể đếm 168 (one) can't win for losing Không thể thắng để thua 169 Have no staying power Không đủ lực 170 Will never fly Không thành công 171 No soap Không thể 172 Spare no effort to something Cố gắng hết mức 173 be not in love with her Khơng cịn yêu cô 174 a closed mouth gathers no feet Há miệng mắc quai 175 Never cross the bridge until you come to it Chuyện đến đến 176 Talk and no trousers Nói sng cho qua chuyện 177 won't take no for an answer Không cho phép từ chối 178 Close but no cigar Có nỗ lực chưa đủ thành công 179 Never set foot on Chưa đặt tên tới 180 Hold no brief Không chịu đựng 181 Hell hath no fury like a woman scorned Điều kinh khủng phụ nữ điên 182 Pull no punches Không dấu diếm 183 See no evil, hear no evil, speak no Khơng thấy, khơng nghe, khơng vi evil nói 184 See no objection Không phản đối 185 Self- praise is no recommendation Mèo khen mèo dài đuôi 186 The point of no return Phi lao phải theo lao 187 There is no such thin as a stupid question Mạnh dạn lên, hỏi 188 Take no notice of sb/ st Khơng ý đến / 189 there's no such thing as a free lunch." Có làm có ăn 146 No spring chicken Khơng cịn trẻ trung 147 There is no fool like an old fool Già mà làm điều ngớ ngẩn 148 all talk and no trousers Nói sng cho qua chuyện 149 Won't give up without a fight Không chịu thua/ không chịu khuất phục cách dễ dàng 150 Without fear or favor Không sợ hãi hay thiên vị 151 Never had it so good Chưa may mắn 152 Hiền cục đất Not hurt a fly or flea 153 Never ask pardon before you are accused Chưa khảo xưng 154 Cheaters never prosper Biết đủ giàu tốt 155 Not miss a trick Không bỏ lỡ hội 156 Take no joy in Không có hứng thú 157 Know no bounds Khơng có giới hạn 158 It never rains but it pours Phúc bất trùng lai, họa vơ đơn chí 159 Not give a damn Không quan tâm 160 Said no one ever Mắc sai lầm hoàn toàn 161 It is long lane that has no turning Qua bĩ cực đến hồi thái lai 162 Be no love lost between (two people) Chỉ lại ghét bỏ người 163 Make no bones about không dự 164 Not have the heart to Khơng nỡ lịng 165 Tiền khơng phải vấn đề money is no object 166 Not a shot in the looker Khơng xu dính túi 167 No money, no honey Khơng tiền khơng tình u vii 168 isn't worth a brass farthing Không đáng xu 169 no business Khơng có quyền 170 have no call Khơng có quyền 171 no matter how Dù thê 172 no matter what Dù 173 on no situation Khơng phép 174 on no account Chắc chắn không 175 no effect Trong vô vọng 176 no future Không thể thành công 177 Never in wildest dreams Vượt mong đợi 178 all duck or no dinner Được ăn ngã không 179 not seem to be getting anywhere Khơng có tiến triển 180 never fly Không thành công 181 Rome was not built in one day Việc lớn lâu xong 182 Cat in gloves catches no mice Có làm có ăn 183 Never/ Not put a foot wrong Đừng phạm lỗi 184 Not breathe a word (of something) Không nói điều 185 There isn't a dog's chance Hồn tồn khơng có hội 186 Đừng vạch áo cho người xem lưng Never tell your enemy that your foot aches 187 Never things by halves Đừng làm nửa vời 188 All that glitters is not gold Chớ thấy sáng mà ngỡ vàng 189 Never speak ill of the dead đừng nói xấu người 190 Never judge by appearances Đừng xét đốn vẻ bề ngồi 191 You can't tell a book by its c cover đừng trông mặt mà bắt hình dong 192 Never put a foot wrong Đừng mắc sai lầm 193 Never things by halves Đừng làm nửa chừng 194 Never offer to teach fish to swim Chớ nên múa rìu qua mắt thợ 195 Never make threats you cannot carry out Đừng dọa dẫm điều làm nỗi 196 Never spur a willing horse Đừng thúc giục người làm việc tốt 197 Never say die Đừng bỏ viii 198 All meat and no potatoes Rất béo 199 Not a hair out of place Gọn gàng 200 Be not just a pretty face Khơng đẹp mà cịn hấp dẫn 201 Time and tide for no man Thời gian chẳng chờ đợi 202 In next to no time Rất nhanh 203 In no time at all Rất nhanh 204 World without end Vĩnh viễn 205 No flies on one Không tiếc thời gian 206 Time lost is never found Thời gian khơng tìm lại 207 One is never too old to learn Không muộn để học 208 No one is indispensable Ai có thời 209 Be not long for this world Sắp chết/ thời gian gian khơng cịn 210 Now or never Bây mãi 211 Never a whit Lỗi thời 212 Better late than never Muộn cịn khơng 213 No wonder Chẳng trách 214 No need to care about Khơng cần lo lắng 215 No strings Khơng khó tý 216 no end Quá nhiều 217 Absent without leave Vắng mặt mà khơng có cho phép 218 Half a loaf is better than no loaf Có cịn khơng 219 No two ways about it Khơng cịn cách khác 220 The gods send nuts to those who have no teeth Người cần chẳng có 221 Shrouds have no pockets Chết hết 222 No one should be judge in his own cause Không tiện mặt 223 No love lost Ghét xúc đất đổ 224 Says no more Tán thành 225 Cuts no ice Chẳng liên quan đến 226 In no way Không đời ix 227 In no sense Khơng có đâu 228 Not to have a word to throw at the dog kiêu ky khơng thèm mở mieng nói nửa lời 229 It's not rocket science Khơng có phức tạp 230 Be not much to look at Không đáng để nhìn 231 If you cannot bite, never show your teeth Khơng biết dựa cột mà nghe 232 As likely as not Chắc chắn 233 Be (not) big on (something) Khơng thích 234 Be not up to the mark Không đủ tốt 235 All is not lost Chưa phải tuyệt vọng 236 Be (not) all fun and games Mọi chuyện không vui vẻ 237 Cut off without a penny Không cho lấy xu 238 Rebel without a cause Làm loạn vô cớ 239 World without end Vĩnh viễn 240 Get along without any help Khơng có giúp đỡ xoay sở 241 Cast not the first stone Tiên trách kỷ hậu trách nhân 242 Judge not, that ye be not judged Dĩ hòa vi quý 243 Not a leg to stand on Khơng có lí lẽ để bào chữa cho thuyết 244 Not to bat an eyelid Khơng lo lắng việc bất thường xảy 245 Not a moment to spare Không thừa phút 246 Without turning a hair Khơng có điều 247 Lost without (someone or something) Mất phương hướng/ Lầm đường lạc lối 248 Go off without a hitch Thuận buồm xi gió 249 (one) won't give up without a fight Không chịu thua, không chịu khuất phục 250 Disappear without (a) trace Biến không để lại dấu vết 251 A watched pot never boils Cứ mong lại lâu đến x 252 Nerver quit certainly for hope Chớ nên thả mồi bắt bóng 253 The course of true love never ran smoothly Tình u chân không phẳng lặng 254 Never hear the end of it Không dứt nỗi bận tâm 255 The apple doesn't fall/never falls far from the tree la gi Con nhà tông không giống lông giống cánh 256 Sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me Dù có nói xấu hay viết xấu bạn không làm bạn tổn thương 257 No matter how thin you slice it, it's still baloney Dù có nói sai 258 (you) can't get there from here Từ tới khơng xa đâu 259 One cannot predict the future Sống chết mai 260 No room to swing a cat Hẹp lỗ mũi; khơng có chỗ mà xoay xi ... of idioms denoting negation in English with reference to their Vietnamese equivalents - Investigating the semantic features of idioms denoting negation in English with reference to their Vietnamese. .. the grammatical and semantic features of idioms denoting negation in English with reference to their Vietnamese equivalents? What are the similarities and differences of the grammatical and semantic. .. view of the occurrence andtheirdistribution of EIDN with reference to the Vietnamese equivalents and results interms of grammatical features 3.2 Semantic features of English idioms denoting negation