The passive voice - Active: Mr Smith taught English.. - Passive: English was taught by Mr Smith.[r]
(1)The passive voice
- Active: Mr Smith taught English.- Passive: English was taught by Mr Smith. I/ Qui t¾c:
1 Tân ngữ chủ động (active object)-chủ ngữ bị động (pasive subject) Động từ bị động ( pasive verb)
Be + past participle
* Nếu động từ chủ động (active verb) Simple present Simple past, dạng động từ bị động là:
Am, Is, Are
+ Past Participle. Was, Were
Ex:
1 John delivers the newspapers every morning
- The newspapers are delivered by John every morning.
2 My mother wrote that letter
- That letter was written by my mother.
* Nếu động từ chủ động Present Continuous Past Continuous thì dạng động từ bị động là:
Am, Is, Are
+ Being + Past Participle. Was, Were
Ex:
1 He is asking me a lot of questions
- I am being asked a lot of questions.
2 She was doing her homework at that time
- Her homework was being done at that time.
* Nếu động từ chủ động Present Perfect Past Perfect, dạng động từ bị động là:
Have, Has, Had + Been + Past Participle Ex:
1 She has given me some presents on my birthday
- I have been given some presents on my birthday by her.
2 They had prepared a dinner before we came
- A dinner had been prepared before we came.
* Nếu động từ chủ động dùng với Model verbs (can, will, shall, must, have to, use to,…) dạng động từ bị động là:
Model verbs + Be + Past Participle Ex:
1 My friend can answer the questions
- The questions can be answered by my friend.
2 The manager should sign these contracts today
- These contracts should be signed by the manager.
3.Chủ ngữ chủ động (active subject)-BY + tân ngữ bị động
Chú ý: (me, you, her, them, us, people, someone,…nên bỏ khỏi câu bị động không muốn nêu rõ tác nhân
Ghi chó:
- Nếu câu chủ động có trạng từ nơi chốn đặt chúng trớc By + tân ngữ bị động.
(2)The police found him the forest
+ He was found in the forest by the police
- Nếu câu chủ động có trạng từ nơi chốn đặt chúng sau By + tân ngữ bị động
Ex:
My parents are going to buy a car tomorrow
+ A car is going to be bought by my parents tomorrow
- Nếu động từ chủ động có hai tân ngữ, hai tân ngữ dùng làm chủ ngữ câu bị động.
Ex:
She gave her sister the car
+ Her sister was given the car + The car was given to her sister
II/ Exercise : Chuyển câu sau sang thể bị động. The teacher explains the lesson
- The lesson is explained by the teacher Mrs Green is cooking the food in the kichen
- The food is being cooked in the kichen by Mrs Green The doctor examined the patients
- The patients are examined by the doctor These boys made that noise
- That noise was made by these boys People speak English all over the world
- English is spoken all over the world He gave him back the money last Sunday
- He was given the money back last Sunday I can’t these exercises quikly
- These exercises can’t be done quikly She had finished the report by noon
- The report had been finished by noon The movie has disappointed us very much
- We have been disappointed very much by the movie 10 They havr to pay the bill before the first of the month - The bill has to be paid before the first of the month 11 They will ask you several questions
- You will be asked several questions
12 The police are holding him for further questioning - He is being held for further questioning by the police 13 My parents promised me a bicycle two days ago
- I was promised a bicycle by my parents two days ago 14 Somebody has locked the box and can’t open it
- The box has been locked and can’t be opened
15 They had eaten all the dinner before they finished the conversation - All the dinner had been eaten before the conversation was finished 16 Did the clown make you laugh a lot last night ?
- Were you made to laugh a lot by the clown last night ? 17 I want you to this work now
- I want this work to be done now 18 He shouldn’t that silly thing
(3)- Their weapons must be handed in
20 Somebody calls the president every morning - The president is called every morning