Công phá đề thi THPT quốc gia 2019 môn tiếng anh

Lovebook.vn ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG NĂM 2019 CHUẨN CẤU TRÚC CỦA BỘ GIÁO DỤC – ĐỀ 01 Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions Question After a momentary _ of concentration, Simon managed to regain his focus and completed the test A failure B lapse C fault D error Question Michael rarely returns to his hometown, _? A doesn’t he B hasn’t he C does he D has he Question If you didn’t have to leave today, I _ you around the city A have shown B will show C would show D showed Question The _ prices of property in big cities may deter people on low incomes from owning a house there A competitive B forbidding C prohibitive D inflatable Question The operation of the newly constructed plants is likely to lead to _ environmental consequences A far-reaching B far-gone C far-flung D far-off Question He promised _ his daughter a new bicycle as a birthday present A to buying B buying C buy D to buy Question Many parents tend to make their children study hard in the belief that good education will enable them to _ in the future A get on B turn up C turn away D get out Question I’ve been waiting for hours You _ to tell me you would come late A needn’t have phoned B must have phoned C oughtn’t to have phoned D should have phoned Question Drastic measures should be taken to tackle the problems _ child abuse A are involving B to involve C involving D involved Question 10 You must not _ any step in the process; otherwise, you would not be able to cook the dish properly A leave B quit C skip D hide Question 11 Only after he _ the job as a computer programmer did he realise how much he loved it A would leave B was leaving C had left D has left Question 12 Susan has achieved great _ in her career thanks to her hard work A successfully B successful C succeed D success Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions Question 13 A charity B agency C origin D disaster Question 14 A behave B enter C allow D relax Trang Trang 1/5 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions Question 15 A fingers B attacks C medals D concerns Question 16 A mean B treat C wear D dream Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges Question 17 Two students are talking about the school curriculum - Ted: “Swimming should be made part of the school curriculum.” - Kate: “ _ It is an essential life skill.” A Not at all B You can make it C I can’t agree with you more D Oh, that’s a problem Question 18 Jane is talking to Mike, who has just helped her with her luggage - Jane: “ _” - Mike: “It’s my pleasure.” A It’s too heavy B It’s not my duty C Welcome back D Thanks a lot, indeed Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions Question 19 People nationwide have acted without hesitation to provide aids for the victims in the disaster-stricken areas A awareness B uncertainty C reluctance D willingness Question 20 Judy has just won a full scholarship to one of the most prestigious universities in the country; she must be on cloud nine now A obviously delighted B extremely panicked C incredibly optimistic D desperately sad Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions Question 21 The football final has been postponed until next Sunday due to the heavy snowstorm A cancelled B changed C delayed D continued Question 22 The chairman’s thought-provoking question ignited a lively debate among the participants in the workshop A defined B hosted C triggered D arose Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27 When hosting an Olympic Games, a country has to take account of several considerations, among which the financial one is by far the most important The costs of hosting the Olympics can (23) _ tens of billions of dollars, and it is commonplace for budgets to double or even triple In addition to the direct costs of hosting the Games (the opening and closing ceremonies, athletes’ village, security, etc.), cities often must build expensive new venues (24) _ lesser-known sports Once constructed, sports venues often incur additional maintenance costs long after the Games have ended Trang Trang 2/7 While costs are the (25) _ concern for a host city, there are other factors to consider For one, an Olympic host city may receive substantial revenue from ticket sales, tourist spending, corporate sponsorship, and television rights Cities such as Los Angeles (1984) and Seoul (1988) actually made a large profit from the Games they hosted (26) _, hosting the Olympic Games confers prestige on a host city and country, which can lead to increased trade and tourism The Olympics are also an opportunity to invest in projects (27) _ improve the city’s quality of life, such as new transportation systems (Adapted from “Skillful Reading & Writing 4” by Mike Boyle and Lindsay Warwick) Question 23 A surmount B outnumber C overcharge D exceed Question 24 A on B for C at D in Question 25 A influential B primary C supplementary D instrumental Question 26 A Otherwise B However C For example D In addition Question 27 A what B which C whom D who Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34 Body language is a vital form of communication In fact, it is believed that the various forms of body language contribute about 70 percent to our comprehension It is important to note, however, that body languages varies in different cultures Take for example, eye movement In the USA a child is expected to look directly at a parent or teacher who is scolding him/her In other cultures the opposite is true Looking directly at a teacher or parent in such a situation is considered a sign of disrespect Another form of body language that is used differently, depending on the culture, is distance In North America people don’t generally stand as close to each other as in South America Two North Americans who don’t know each other well will keep a distance of four feet between them, whereas South Americans in the same situation will stand two to three feet apart North Americans will stand closer than two feet apart only if they are having a confidential conversation or if there is intimacy between them Gestures are often used to communicate We point a finger, raise an eyebrow, wave an arm – or move any other part of the body - to show what we want to say However, this does not mean that people all over the world use the same gestures to express the same meanings Very often we find that the same gestures can communicate different meanings, depending on the country An example of a gesture that could be misinterpreted is sticking out the tongue In many cultures it is a sign of making a mistake, but in some places it communicates ridicule The dangers of misunderstanding one another are great Obviously, it is not enough to learn the language of another culture You must also learn its non-verbal signals if you want to communicate successfully (Adapted from “Reading Academic English” by Judy Rapoport, Ronit Broder and Sarah Feingold) Question 28 What is the passage mainly about? A Misunderstandings in communication B Interpretations of gestures in different cultures C The significance of non-verbal signals in America D Non-verbal communication across cultures Question 29 According to paragraph 1, when scolded by his/her parent or teacher, and American child is expected to _ Trang Trang 3/7 A stand close to the person B raise his/her eyebrows C point a finger at the person D look directly at the person Question 30 The word “intimacy” in paragraph is closest in meaning to _ A enjoyment B closeness C strength D agreement Question 31 The word “misinterpreted” in paragraph is closest in meaning to _ A mispronounced B misbehaved C misspelled D misunderstood Question 32 The word “it” in paragraph refers to _ A the country B an example C misspelled D misunderstood Question 33 As stated in the passage, in order to communicate successfully with people from another culture, it is advisable for a person _ A to use the body language of the people from that culture B to learn both the language and non-verbal signals of that culture C to learn only non-verbal signals of that culture D to travel to as many countries as possible Question 34 Which form of body language is NOT mentioned in the passage? A distance B posture C gesture D eye movement Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42 The green building movement, started in the 1970s as a way to reduce environmental destruction, is changing the way buildings are constructed In the early years, green builders were a small minority, and their goals of reducing the environmental impact of buildings were considered unrealistic Now, however, the movement is growing, as builders have been able to take advantage of new technology Green builders try to make use of recycled materials, which means less waste in dumps Also, they reduce environmental impact by reducing the energy requirements of a building One way is to provide an alternative, non-polluting source of energy First, with solar panels, it is possible to produce electricity from the rays of the sun Once installed, they provide energy at no cost and with no pollution Another solution is to reduce the amount of energy required in a building It is possible to cut electricity use noticeably by improving natural lighting and installing low-energy light bulbs To reduce the amount of fuel needed for heating or cooling, builders also add insulation to the walls so that the building stays warmer in winter and cooler in summer One example of this advanced design is the Genzyme Center of Cambridge, the most environmentally responsible office building in America Every aspect of the design and building had to consider two things: the need for a safe and pleasant workplace for employees and the need to lessen the negative environmental impact 75 percent of the building materials were recycled materials, and the energy use has been reduced by 43 percent and water use by 32 percent, compared with other buildings of the same size In other parts of the world, several large-scale projects have recently been developed according to green building principles One of these is in Vauban, Germany, in an area that was once the site of army housing The site has been completely rebuilt with houses requiring 30 percent less energy than conventional ones These houses, heated by special non-polluting systems, are also equipped with solar panels A larger project is under way in China The first phase of this project will include houses for 400 families built with solar power, non-polluting bricks, and recycled wall insulation In a second phase, Trang Trang 4/7 entire neighborhoods in six cities will be built If all goes well, the Chinese government plans to copy these ideas in new neighborhoods across China Green building ideas, on a small or large scale, are spreading Individuals, companies, and governments are beginning to see their benefits Not only are they environmentally friendly, green buildings improve living and working conditions and also save money in the long run (Adapted from “Advanced Reading Power” by Beatrice S Mikulecky and Linda Jeffries) Question 35 Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss? A New technologies applied to constructing office buildings B Successful green building projects all over the world C An environmentally friendly approach to constructing buildings D Economic benefits of environmentally responsible buildings Question 36 According to paragraph 1, the environmental goals set by green builders were initially considered unrealistic presumably because _ A there was an abundance of natural materials for the construction of conventional buildings B there was a lack of green builders at the beginning of the 20th century C the problems of environment destruction were not prevalent at the time D the potential applications of technology to constructing green buildings were not recognised then Question 37 The word “they” in paragraph refers to _ A recycled materials B green builders C rays of the sun D solar panels Question 38 The word “insulation” in paragraph mostly means _ A systems that protect buildings from the sun’s rays B materials that prevent heat loss and absorption C panels that convert solar energy into electricity D devices that monitor changes in temperature Question 39 What is one common characteristic shared by the Genzyme Center of Cambridge and the project in Vauban, Germany? A Both took advantage of new insulation technology, which cuts down on construction costs B Both were built out of entirely recycled materials instead of conventional ones C Both are housing complexes with special, non-polluting heating systems D Both were built based on green building principles, which reduces energy use considerably Question 40 The phrase “under way” in paragraph mostly means _ A being notified B being launched C being inspected D being certified Question 41 Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph as a merit of green buildings? A Improving living conditions B Proving more economical eventually C Being friendly to the environment D Increasing work productivity Question 42 According to the passage, which of the following statements about green buildings is TRUE? A They have only been built in technologically developed countries B They are gaining in popularity in different parts of the world C They are environmentally responsible constructions with gardens D They are more economical and produce no pollution Trang Trang 5/7 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions Question 43 His friends supported and encouraged him He did really well in the competition A Such were his friends’ support and encouragement that he couldn’t really well in the competition B Had it not been for his friends’ support and encouragement, he couldn’t have done so well in the competition C No matter how much his friends supported and encouraged him, he couldn’t well in the competition D If his friends had given him support and encouragement, he could have done really well in the competition Question 44 Joe has finished his first-aid course He proves extremely helpful as a rescue worker A Although Joe proves extremely helpful as a rescue worker, he hasn’t finished his first-aid course B Having finished his first-aid course, Joe proves extremely helpful as a rescue worker C Without finishing his first-aid course, Joe proves extremely helpful as a rescue worker D However helpful Joe proves as a rescue worker, he hasn’t finished his first-aid course Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions Question 45 “Don’t forget to submit your assignments by Thursday,” said the teacher to the students A The teacher allowed the students to submit their assignments by Thursday B The teacher ordered the students to submit their assignments by Thursday C The teacher reminded the students to submit their assignments by Thursday D The teacher encouraged the students to submit their assignments by Thursday Question 46 They expect that recent changes will bring about an overall improvement in the quality of the country’s education A It was expected that recent changes would result in an overall improvement in the quality of the country’s education B It is expected that recent changes are caused by an overall improvement in the quality of the country’s education C Recent changes are expected to lead to an overall improvement in the quality of the country’s education D The quality of the country’s education is expected to be the consequence of recent changes Question 47 She wasn’t early enough to catch the bus A She didn’t arrive late for the bus B She arrived too early for the bus C She was too late to catch the bus D She wasn’t late for the bus Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions Question 48 It is the night of 5th November that people in Britain light bonfires and have fireworks as a A B C national tradition D Trang Trang 6/7 Question 49 They have carried out exhausting research into the effects of smartphones on A B schoolchildren’s behaviour and their academic performance C D Question 50 Most workers seems to be happy with their new working conditions A B C D MA TRẬN MÔN TIẾNG ANH STT Lĩnh vực/ Phần Ngữ âm Chuyên đề Mức độ Thông Vận Hiểu Dụng 0 Vận Dụng Cao Số câu Nhận Biết Phát âm 2 Trọng âm Ngữ pháp (Mạo từ, câu điều kiện, thì, từ nối, giới từ…) 2 0 2 1 2 1 Từ trái nghĩa 1 Tìm lỗi sai 1 2 0 1 15 3 2 1 50 15 15 11 Ngữ Từ vựng pháp – Từ vựng Từ đồng nghĩa Chức giao tiếp/ Từ - Ngữ Chức giao tiếp thể chức giao tiếp Kỹ Điền từ vào đọc đọc Đọc hiểu Câu có nghĩa gần Kỹ với câu cho viết Nối hai câu thành câu Tổng Trang Trang 7/7 ĐÁNH GIÁ ĐỀ THI + Mức độ đề thi: trung bình + Nhận xét đề thi: Nhìn chung đề thi kiến thức nằm chương trình lớp 12 Đề có câu vừa vừa nâng cao nên có tính phân loại học sinh tốt, phù hợp với cho việc sử dụng cho học sinh ơn luyện cho kì thi trung học phổ thông quốc gia Điểm ý đề chủ đề đọc sát với nội dung lớp 12.Cấu trúc phần đọc hiểu giống đề minh họa 2018 nhiên phần từ vựng ngữ pháp khơng giống có câu từ vựng câu ngữ pháp Đề tương đương với đề minh họa giáo dục Trang Trang 8/7 ĐÁP ÁN B C C C A D A D C 10 C 11 C 12 D 13 D 14 B 15 B 16 C 17 C 18 D 19 D 20 D 21 C 22 C 23 D 24 B 25 B 26 D 27 B 28 D 29 D 30 B 31 D 32 C 33 B 34 B 35 C 36 D 37 D 38 B 39 D 40 B 41 D 42 B 43 B 44 B 45 C 46 C 47 C 48 A 49 A 50 A HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI CHI TIẾT Question Chọn đáp án B Ta xét nghĩa phương án: A failure (n): thất bại, hỏng hóc, khơng làm việc B lapse (n): tập trung (trong khoảng thời gian ngắn), đãng trí; suy đồi; quãng thời gian nghỉ C fault (n): khuyết điểm; lỗi lầm, tội lỗi, sai lầm D error (n): sai lầm, sai sót, lỗi Dựa vào nghĩa phương án ta thấy phương án hợp nghĩa B Tạm dịch: Sau thoáng khơng ý, Simon lấy lại tập trung hoàn thành thi Question Chọn đáp án C Ta có ý thành lập câu hỏi đuôi sau: Nếu câu dạng khẳng định có rarely, barely, hardly, never thành lập câu hỏi đuôi câu phủ định Như ta mượn trợ động từ does Chọn đáp án C Question Chọn đáp án C Dễ thấy cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại – điều kiện trái tại: If + S1 + V (quá khứ đơn/were), S2 + would/ could + sth Vậy chọn đáp án câu hỏi C Tạm dịch: Nếu cậu khơng phải rời hơm tớ dẫn cậu quanh thành phố Question Chọn đáp án C Ta xét nghĩa phương án: A competitive (a): (giá cả) thấp đủ để cạnh tranh với đối thủ; có tính cạnh tranh, có tính ganh đua B forbidding (a): (ngoại hình) trơng gớm guốc, khơng thân thiện C prohibitive (a): (giá cả) cao mua được; có tính ngăn cấm, ngăn cản D inflatable (a): thổi phồng Dựa vào nghĩa ta thấy phương án phù hợp C Kiến thức cần nhớ Ta thường gặp cụm “competitive price” nên dễ vội vàng chọn phương án mà không dịch hết câu, từ cần điền mang nghĩa trái ngược với “competitive” Cần cẩn thận xem xét, tránh chọn phải phương án gây nhiễu Ngoài ta hay gặp kết hợp: prohibitively expensive: đắt đỏ Tạm dịch: Giá đắt đỏ bất động sản thành phố lớn ngăn cản việc người có thu nhập thấp sở hữu nhà Question Chọn đáp án A Ta xét nghĩa phương án: A far-reaching (a): có ảnh hưởng sâu rộng Trang Trang 9/7 Question 24: Drivers are advised to get enough petrol because filling stations are few and far between on the highway A easy to find B difficult to access C unlikely to happen D impossible to reach Question 25: A relaxed and convivial group of around 45 Slow Food members and friends is sharing a simple BBQ lunch A lively B large C old D unsociable Question 26: I’m sure Luisa was very disappointed when she failed to get the scholarship A Luisa must be very disappointed when she failed to get the scholarship B Luisa must have been very disappointed when she failed to get the scholarship C Luisa may be very disappointed when she failed to get the scholarship D Luisa could have been very disappointed when she failed to get the scholarship Question 27: “You had better see a doctor if the sore throat does not clear up”, she said to me A She reminded me of seeing a doctor if the sore throat did not clear up B She ordered me to see a doctor if the sore throat did not clear up C She insisted that I see a doctor unless the sore throat did not clear up D She suggested that I see a doctor if the sore throat did not clear up Question 28: Without her teacher’s advice, she would never have written such a good essay A Her teacher advised him and she didn’t write a good essay B Her teacher didn’t advise her and she didn’t write a good essay C She wrote a good essay as her teacher gave her some advice D If her teacher didn’t advise her, she wouldn’t write such a good essay Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions Question 29: She tried very hard to pass the driving test She could hardly pass it A Although she didn’t try hard to pass the driving test, she could pass it B Despite being able to pass the driving test, she didn’t pass it C No matter how hard she tried, she could hardly pass the driving test D She tried very hard, so she passed the driving test satisfactorily Question 30: We didn’t want to spend a lot of money We stayed in a cheap hotel A Rather than spending a lot of money, we stayed in a cheap hotel B In spite of spending a lot of money, we stayed in a cheap hotel C We stayed in a cheap hotel, but we had to spend a lot of money D We didn’t stay in a cheap hotel as we had a lot of money to spend Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35 WAYS TO IMPROVE YOUR MEMORY Trang 599 A good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally, and a bad memory as something that cannot be changed, but actually there is a lot that you can to improve your memory We all remember the things we are interested in and forget the ones that bore US This no doubt explains the reason (31) schoolboys remember football results effortlessly but struggle (32) dates from their history lessons! Take an active interest in what you want to remember, and focus on it (33) .One way to make yourself more interested is to ask questions — the more the better! Physical exercise is also important for your memory, because it increases your heart (34) _and sends more oxygen to your brain, and that makes your memory work better Exercise also reducesstress, which is very bad for the memory The old saying that —eating fish makes you brainyl may be true after all Scientists have discovered that the fats (35) _in fish like tuna, sardines and salmon — as well as in olive oil - help to improve the memory Vitamin-rich fruits such as oranges, strawberries and red grapes are all good - brain food, too (Source: —New Cutting Edge, Cunningham, S & Moor 2010 Harlow: Longman) Question 31: A why B what C how D which Question 32: A about B for C over D towards Question 33: A hardly B slightly C consciously D easily Question 34: A degree B level C rate D grade Question 35: A made B existed C founded D found Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42 Martin Luther King, Jf, is well- known for his work in civil rights and for his many famous speeches, among which is his moving “I have a dream” speech But fewer people know much about King’s childhooD M.L., as he was called, was bom in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, at the home of his maternal grandfather M.L.’s grandfather purchased their home on Auburn Avenue in 1909, twenty years before M.L was bom His grandfather allowed the house to be used as a meeting place for a number of organizations dedicated to the education and social advancement of blacks M.L grew up in the atmosphere, with his home being used as a community gathering place, and was no doubt influenced by it M.L.’s childhood was not especially eventfully His father was a minister and his mother was a musician He was the second of three children, and he attended all black schools in a black neighborhood The neighborhood was not poor, however Auburn Avenue was an area of banks, insurance companies, builders, jewelers, tailors, doctors, lawyers, and other businesses and services Even in the face of Atlanta’s segregation, the district thrived Dr King never forgot the community spirit he had known as a child, nor did he forget the racial prejudice that was a huge barrier keeping black Atlantans from mingling with whites Question 36 What is the passage mainly about? A The prejudice that existed in Atlanta B M.L.’s grandfather C Martin Luther King’s childhood D The neighborhood King grew up in Question 37 When was M.L bom? Trang 600 A in 1909 B in 1929 C in 1949 D 20 years after his parents had met Question 38 What is Martin Luthur King well- known for? A His publications B His neighborhood C His childhood D His work in civil rights Question 39 According to the author, M.L. A had a difficult childhood B was a good musician as a child C loved to listen to his grandfather speak D grew up in a relatively rich area of Atlanta Question 40 Which of the following statements is NOT true? A Auburn was a commercial areas B M.L.’s grandfather built their home on Auburn Avenue in 1909 C M L grew up in a rich, black neighborhood D M.L.’s childhood was uneventful Question 41 From the passage we can infer that A M.L.’s father was a church member B people gathered at M.L.’s to perform religious rituals C M.L.’s father purchased their home on Auburn Avenue D M.L had a bitter childhood Question 42 M.L was by the atmosphere in which he grew up A not affected at all B doubted C certainly influenced D prejudiced Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50 Carbon dating can be used to estimate the age of any organic natural material; it has been used successfully in archeology to determine the age of ancient artifacts or fossils as well as in a variety of other fields The principle underlying the use of carbon dating is that carbon is a part of all living things on Earth Since a radioactive substance such as carbon-14 has a known half-life, the amount of carbon-14 remaining in an object can be used to date that object Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,570 years, which means that after that number of years, half of the carbon- 14 atoms have decayed into nitrogen-14 It is the ratio of carbon-14 in that substance that indicates the age of the substance If, for example, in a particular sample the amount of carbon-14 is roughly equivalent to the amount of nitrogen-14, this indicates that around half of the carbon-14 has decayed into nitrogen-14, and the sample is approximately 5,570 years old Carbon dating cannot be used effectively in dating objects that are older than 80,000 years When objects are that old, much of the carbon-14 has already decayed into nitrogen-14, and the miniscule amount that is left doesn’t provide a reliable measurement of age In the case of older objects, other agedating methods are available, methods which use radioactive atoms with longer half-lives than carbon has Trang 601 Question 43: This passage is mainly about A archeology and the study of ancient artifacts B one method of dating old objects C various uses for carbon D the differences between carbon-14 and nitrogen-14 Question 44: Which of the following is NOT true about carbon-14? A It and nitrogen always exist in equal amounts in any substance B Its half-life is more than 5,000 years C It can decay into nitrogen-14 D It is radioactive Question 45: The word “it” in paragraph I refers to A carbon dating B the age C any organic natural material D archeology Question 46: The word “underlying” in paragraph I could best be replaced by _ A below B requiring C serving as a basis for D being studied through Question 47: The word “roughly” in paragraph is closest in meaning to A precisely B harshly C approximately D coarsely Question 48: The paragraph following the passage most probably discusses _ A what substances are part of all living things B how carbon-14 decay intonitrogen-14 C why carbon-14 has such a long half-life D various other age-dating methods Question 49: It is implied in the passage that A carbon dating has no known uses outside of archeology B fossils cannot be age-dated using carbon-14 C carbon dating could not be used on an item containing nitrogen D carbon-14 does not have the longest known half-life Question 50: It can be inferred from the passage that if an item contains more carbon-14 than nitrogen14, then the item is _ A not as much as 5,570 years old B too old to be age-dated with carbon-14 C too radioactive to be used by archeologists D more than 5.570 years old Trang 602 ĐÁP ÁN l.B 2.A 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.D 8.B 9.A 10.A 11.D 12.D 13.A 14.A 15.D 16.D 17.D 18.B 19 A 20.C 21.B 22.D 23.C 24.A 25.D 26.B 27.D 28.C 29.C 30.A 31.A 32.C 33.C 34.C 35.D 36.C 37.B 38.D 39.D 40.B 41.B 42.C 43.B 44.A 45.A 46.C 47.C 48.D 49.D 50.A HƯỚNG DẪN GIẢI CHI TIẾT Question 1: Đáp án B Đáp án B, phát âm /t/, lại phát âm /ɪd/ Kiến thức cần nhớ Cách phát âm đuôi “ed”: - Các từ có phiên âm kết thúc /t/,/d/, “ed” phát âm /ɪd/ - Các từ có phiên âm kết thúc là: /t∫/, /s/, /k/, /f/, /p/, /  /, /∫/ “ed” phát âm /t/ - Các trường hợp cịn lại “ed” phát âm /d/ Question 2: Đáp án A Đáp án A phát âm /s/, lại phát âm /k/ A century /'sent∫əri/: kỉ B culture / 'kʌlt∫ə/: văn hóa C secure /sə'kjʊr/: bảo vệ, an tồn D applicant / 'æplikənt/: ứng viên Question 3: Đáp án B A offer /'ɔ:fər /: đề nghị B canoe /kə'nu:/: ca nơ C country/'kʌntri/: quốc gia D standard /'stỉndəd/: tiêu chuẩn Đáp án B trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2, đáp án lại rơi vào âm tiết thứ Question 4: Đáp án C A pollution / pə'lu∫ən /: ô nhiễm B computer / kəm'pju:tə /: máy tính C currency / 'kʌrənsi /: tiền tệ D allowance / ə'laʊəns /: cho phép Đáp án C trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết 1, đáp án lại rơi vào âm tiết thứ Question 5: Đáp án A Trang 603 Đáp án A are → is Vì measles (n) bệnh sởi - danh từ số Tạm dịch: Bệnh sởi bệnh truyền nhiễm dễ lan truyền tiếp xúc với chất dịch có nhiễm khuẩn, ví dụ nước bọt dịch mũi người bệnh Question 6: Đáp án B Đáp án B closing → to close Tạm dịch: Tôi thường quên đóng cửa trước khỏi nhà Question 7: Đáp án D Đáp án D having full commitment → full commitment Các dạng cấu trúc song song: N/ N/ N , V-ing/V-ing/V-ing , To V/To V/To V Vì phía trước có danh từ là: qualification, soft skills nên phía sau phải dùng danh từ để đảm bảo cấu trúc song song Tạm dịch: Đối với cơng việc địi hỏi nhiều nỗ lực, bạn cần trình độ, kĩ mềm tận tâm Question 8: Đáp án B Tạm dịch: Nửa cuối kỷ 19 chứng kiến cải tiến đều phương tiện giao thông Question 9: Đáp án A A attempt (n, v): sau nhiều cố gắng, nỗ lực thành cơng việc (particular act of trying) B process (n): trình C effort (n): cố gắng, nỗ lực D instance (n): ví dụ Tạm dịch: Cuối George bơi qua hồ lần cố gắng thứ tư Question 10: Đáp án A Cấu trúc: could have + PPII: chuyện xảy khứ Tạm dịch: Khi bị ngã khỏi thang anh ẩy may mắn Anh gây tổn thương thân Question 11 : Đáp án D Câu điều kiện loại I: Unless = If…………not Tạm dịch: Nếu Susan khơng có đồng ý giáo viên hướng dẫn, cô không nên bắt đầu dự án Question 12: Đáp án D Cấu trúc: Câu bị động đặc biệt: To be said/ told/ reported/ thought/ believed to V (nếu động từ với to be) to have Vpp (động từ lùi so với to be) Trong câu này,“các tác phẩm tiền chiến” việc khứ, động từ tường thuật is said nên cần dùng To have Vpp - To have fought Tạm dịch: Khoa học máy tính đại trí tuệ nhân tạo cho bắt nguồn từ tác Trang 604 phẩm tiền chiến Goedel, Turing, and Zuse Question 13: Đáp án A Cấu trúc: be under pressure: chịu áp lực Tạm dịch: Học sinh phải chịu áp lực có thay đổi q trình thi cử Question 14: Đáp án A To be keen on N/ V-ing (v): u thích, đam mê A biology (n): môn sinh học B biological (adj): thuộc sinh học C biologist (n): nhà sinh vật học D biologically (adv): thuộc sinh học Tạm dịch: Tom ngày đam mê công việc nghiên cứu sinh học Question 15: Đáp án D A insufficient (a): không đủ B sufficient (a): đủ C generous (a): hào phóng D plentiful (a): nhiều, phong phú Tạm dịch: Chất khoáng nhiều thu biển natri clorua muối ăn Question 16: Đáp án D A offer: đề nghị B stick: gắn với, dính với C give: đưa, tặng D devote: cống hiến - devote sth to doing st: dành tất thời gian, sức lực, nhiệt huyết vào việc Tạm dịch: Nhiều giáo viên ngày cổng hiến thân để dạy trẻ em khuyết tật Question 17: Đáp án D A suitable (adj): phù hợp B unnecessary (adj): không cần thiết C appropriate (adj): thích hợp, thích đáng D rude (adj): thơ lỗ Tạm dịch: Ví dụ chen ngang xếp hàng cửa hàng rau thường xuyên họp muộn coi thái đọ cư xử thô lỗ Question 18: Đáp án B - carry on (with sth): tiếp tục làm - hold up (sb): ủng hộ - hold up (sth): trì hỗn cản trở vận động tiến ai/ - put off sth: trì hỗn hẹn xếp trước Trang 605 - put (sb) off: làm ghét, khơng tin ai, Tạm dịch: Xin lỗi muộn Tơi bị cản trở tắc đường tiếng Question 19: Đáp án A - keep up with sth: giữ nhịp, theo kịp, bắt kịp thơng tin với - keep sb out of sth: ngăn chặn để không bị dính dáng, ảnh hưởng Tạm dịch: Cô mệt mỏi theo kịp với nhóm Question 20: Đáp án C Khi người khác bày tỏ cảm xúc tích cực điều gì, vật thân cách đáp lại lịch thông dụng “thank you”- cảm ơn Vì C đáp án xác Tạm dịch: Hai người bạn Diana Ann nói áo chồng Anne Diana: Chiếc áo chồng hợp với bạn, Anne Anne: Cảm ơn bạn! Question 21: Đáp án B A Not a chance: Không thể xảy B That’s very kind of you: Bạn thật tốt bụng C I can’t agree more: Tơi hồn tồn đồng ý D What a pity!: Thật đáng tiếc Khi đề nghị giúp đỡ mình, đồng ý cách đáp lại lịch thông dụng là: “That is very kind of you” Tạm dịch: Mary nói chuyện với người phục vụ sảnh khách sạn Người phục vụ: Tôi giúp bạn xách chếc vali chứ? Mary: Bạn thật tốt bụng Question 22: Đáp án D A question (v): chất vấn, hỏi B violate (v): xâm phạm C disregard (v): bất chấp D adhere to sth: tơn trọng, tn theo, trung thành với = follow Question 23: Đáp án C A the underprivileged: bị thiệt thịi quyền lợi B rich citizens: cơng dân giàu C poor inhabitants: cư dân nghèo D enthusiastic people: người nhiệt tình Suy đáp án cần chọn đáp án C Tạm dịch: Nhiều chương trình khuyến khích để cung cấp thức ăn chỗ cho người bị thiệt thòi Question 24: Đáp án A Trang 606 A easy to find: dễ tìm, dễ thấy B difficult to access: khó để tiếp cận C unlikely to happen: khơng có khả xảy D impossible to reach: với tới - few and far between: khan hiếm, thất thường, có lúc có lúc khơng >< easy to find: dễ tìm, dễ thấy Suy A đáp án Tạm dịch: Những người lái xe khuyên bơm đủ xăng trạm bơm xăng thường khan Question 25: Đáp án D A lively: sinh động, hoạt bát, sôi B large: rộng C old: cũ, già D unsociable: khơng hịa đồng, khơng thân thiện, khó gần - convivial: thân thiện, vui vẻ >< unsociable Question 26: Đáp án B Cấu trúc: Must have VpII: đoán việc chắn xảy khứ Vì câu đề có cụm ‘I’m sure” , suy người nói đã chắn việc xảy khứ Vì B đáp án Tạm dịch: Tôi chắn Luisa thất vọng cô trượt kiểm tra Question 27: Đáp án D Cấu trúc: - To remind sb of doing sth: nhắc nhở nhớ - Order sb to sth: lệnh làm - Insist that + clause: khăng khăng việc - Suggest that + clause: khuyên bảo, gợi ý làm Câu gốc có cấu trúc had better ý lời khuyên bảo, gần giống với should →dùng cấu trúc suggest that + clause Dịch câu đề: Bạn gặp người bác sĩ đau họng khơng dứt, ẩy nói với tơi Dịch câu D : Cô khuyên tôi nên đến gặp bác sĩ đau họng không dứt Question 28: Đáp án C Dịch câu đề: Nếu khơng có lời khun giáo viên khơng thể viết luận hay Cấu trúc: Câu điều kiện loại 3, diễn tả hành động không xảy khứ Dịch câu C : Cô viết luận tốt giáo viên cho cô vài lời khuyên Kiến thức cần nhớ As Since dùng Because, mang nghĩa Trang 607 Question 29: Đáp án C Một cấu trúc mệnh đề nhượng bộ: No matter how+ adj/adv +S+V, clause Dịch câu đề: Cô cố gắng nhiều đế vượt qua kiểm tra lái xe Cơ khó vượt qua A Mặc dù cô ẩy không cố gắng để vượt qua kiểm tra lái xe, vượt qua B Mặc dù có khả vượt qua kiểm tra lái xe, cô không vượt q C Mặc dù cố gắng nhiều, cô không vượt qua kiếm tra lái xe D Cô cố gắng nhiều, nên cô vươt qua kiếm tra lái xe cách thỏa mãn Suy C đáp án Question 30: Đáp án A Cấu trúc: Rather than + V-ing: thay làm việc Dịch câu đề: Chúng tơi khơng muốn tiêu nhiều tiền, lại khách sạn rẻ tiền A Thay tiêu tốn nhiều tiền, lại khách sạn rẻ tiền B Thay tiêu tốn nhiều tiền, chúng tơi lại khách sạn rẻ tiền C Chúng lại khách sạn rẻ tiền, phải tiêu tốn nhiều tiền D Chúng không lại khách sạn rẻ tiền chúng tơi có nhiều tiền để tiêu Question 31: Đáp án A Cấu trúc: The reason why + mệnh đề cần nhấn mạnh + be (is/was): Câu nhấn mạnh, dùng để giải thích, tập trung ý người đọc Question 32: Đáp án C - struggle for: đấu tranh, cổ gắng, vật lộn đế giành lẩy - struggle over: đấu tranh, khó khăn, vật lộn vượt qua Chọn đáp án C phù họp ( nhớ kết trận đấu bóng đá dễ dàng khó nhớ mốc ngày tháng học lịch sử) Question 33: Đáp án C A Hardly: khơng B Slightly: C Consciously: có ý thức D Easily: dễ dàng Ta nói: Có ý thức tập trung vào nó, khơng phải tập trung dễ dàng/ tập trung/ khơng tập trung Vì C đáp án Question 34: Đáp án C A degree: mức độ, trình độ B level: mức độ, trình độ C rate: tốc độ, tỷ lệ Trang 608 D grade: điểm số Cụm từ: Heart rate: nhịp tim Question 35: Đáp án D A made: làm B existed: tồn C founded: thành lập (Vpp found: thành lập) D found: tìm thấy (Vpp find: tìm thấy) Vì “chất béo” tân ngữ, khơng thể “tự tìm thấy” nên phải chọn phương án mang nghĩa bị động Vì D đáp án Question 36: Đáp án C Đoạn văn chủ yếu vấn đề gì? A Định kiến tồn Atlanta B Ơng M.L C Tuổi thơ Martin Luther King D Hàng xóm nơi mà King lớn lên Bài viết tập trung tuổi thơ Martin Luther King, đoạn nói bối cảnh gia đình, đoạn nói bối cảnh xã hội ông Ý A D chi tiết, nội dung bao quát tốn Ý B q chung chung Question 37: Đáp án B M.L sinh năm nào? A 1909 B 1929 C 1949 D 20 năm sau bố mẹ ông gặp Thông tin nằm đoan 1: But few people know much about King's childhood M.L., as he was called, was bom in 1929 in Atlanta, Georgia, at the home of his maternal grandfather: Nhưng số người biết tuổi thơ ML, cách mà ông gọi, sinh vào năm 1929 Atlanta, Georgia, nhà ông ngoại Question 38: Đáp án D Martin Luther King tiếng điều gì? A Những xuất ơng B Hàng xóm ông C Tuổi thơ ông D Công việc ông lĩnh vực quyền dân Thông tin nằm đoan : Martin Luther King Jr., is well know for his work in civil rights and for his many famous speeches: Martin Luther King, Jr., tiếng công việc ông lĩnh vực quyên nhân nhiều diễn thuyết tiếng Trang 609 Question 39: Đáp án D Theo tác giả, M.L A Có tuổi thơ khó khăn B Khi cịn nhỏ nhạc sĩ giỏi C Thích nghe ơng nói chuyện D Lớn lên vùng giàu có Atlanta Thơng tin nằm đoạn 2: The neighborhood was not poor, however: Khu vực láng giềng thực tế lại khơng nghèo khó Question 40: Đáp án B Mệnh đề sau KHÔNG đủng? A Auburn vùng thương mại B Ông M.L xây nhà họ đại lộ Auburn vào năm 1909 C M.L lớn lên vùng người da đen, giàu có D Tuổi thơ M.L khơng có nhiều biến cố Thơng tin nằm đoạn : M.L's grandfather, the Reverens A.D Williams, purchased their home on Auburn Avenue in 1909, twenty years before M.L was bom: Ông M.L., Reverens AD Williams, mua nhà đại lộ Auburn vào năm 1909, 20 năm trước M.L đời Ơng mua nhà khơng phải xây nhà nên ý B sai Question 41: Đáp án B Từ đoạn văn suy rằng: A Bố M.L thành viên nhà thờ B Người ta tập trung nhà M.L để thực nghỉ lễ tôn giáo C Bố M.L mua nhà họ đại lộ Auburnm D M.L có tuổi thơ cay đắng Thông tin nằm đoạn : He allowed his church and his home to be used as a meeting place for a number of organizations dedicated to the education and social advancement of blacks: Ông cho phép nhà thờ nhà ông dùng làm địa điểm họp mặt nhiều tổ chức tâm huyết với giáo dục tiến xã hội người da đen Như vậy, suy nhà diễn nhiều nghi lễ tôn giáo Question 42: Đáp án C M.L _bởi không gian nơi mà ông lớn lên A Khơng bị ảnh hưởng B Bị nghi ngờ C Chắc chắn bị ảnh hưởng D Bị định kiến Thông tin nằm đoan : M.L grew up in this atmosphere, with his home being used as a community gathering place and was no doubt influenced by it: M.L lớn lên không gian nơi mà nhà Trang 610 sử dụng nơi tập trung cộng đồng khơng cịn nghi ngờ nữa, ảnh hưởng Question 43: Đáp án B Đoạn văn chủ yếu bàn A khảo cổ học nghiên cứu vật cổ B phương pháp xác định niên đại cổ vật C ứng dụng khác cho cacbon D khác biệt cacbon-14 nitơ-14 Câu câu giới thiệu chủ đề bài: “Carbon dating can be used to estimate the age of any organic natural material; it has been used successfully in archeology to determine the age of ancient artifacts or fossils as well as in a variety of other fields“: Phương pháp xác định niên đại carbon sử dụng để ước lượng tuổi chất hữu tự nhiên nào, sử dụng thành cơng lĩnh vực khảo cổ học để xác định tuổi cổ vật, hóa thạch cổ nhiều lĩnh vưc khác Đoạn văn nói phương pháp xác định niên đại carbon Question 44: Đáp án A Câu KHÔNG ĐÚNG carbon-14? A Nó nitơ ln tồn với số lượng chất B Thời gian bán hủy 5.000 năm C Nó phân rã thành nitơ-14 D Nó chất phóng xạ Các đáp án B, C, D có thơng tin tìm thấy B + C- Dẫn chứng câu đầu đoạn 2: “Carbon14 has a half-life of 5, 570 years, which means that after that number of years, half of the carbon- 14 atoms have decayed into nitrogen-14”: Carbon-14 có thời gian bán hủy 5.570 năm, có nghĩa sau ẩy năm, nửa nguyên từ carbon-14 bị phân hủy thành nitơ-14 D- Dẫn chứng câu cuối đoạn : “Since a radioactive substance such as carbon-14 has a known half-life, [ ]”: Bởi chất phóng xạ thí dụ carbon-14 có thời gian bán hủy biết, [ ])→Carbon-14 chất phóng xạ Cịn lại đáp án A không Question 45: Đáp án A Từ "it” đoạn ám tới A phương pháp xác định niên đại carbon B tuổi C chất hữu tự nhiên D khảo cổ học Từ “it” đứng đầu câu làm chủ ngữ nên ta đọc lên câu phía trên: “Carbon dating can be used to estimate the age of any organic natural material; it has been used successfully in archeology to determine the age of ancient artifacts or fossils as well as in a variety of other fields”: Phương pháp xác định niên đại carbon sử dụng để ước lượng tuổi chất hữu tự nhiên nào, sử dụng thành cơng lĩnh vực khảo cổ học để xác định tuổi cổ vật, hóa thạch cổ nhiều lĩnh vực khác Trang 611 Dựa ngữ cảnh câu “it” ám cho “Carbon dating” Question 46: Đáp án C - underlying (adj): bản, sở = C serving as a basis for: làm sở cho Các đáp án lại: A bên B yêu cầu D nghiên cứu qua Tạm dịch: “The principle underlying the use of carbon dating is that carbon is a part of all living things on Earth": Nguyên tắc làm sở tiền đề cho việc sử dụng phương pháp xác định niên đại carbon carbon phần tất sinh vật sống trái đất Question 47: Đáp án C - rougth (adv) → C approximately (adv): xấp xỉ, khoảng chừng Các đáp án lại: A precisely (adv): xác B harshly (adv): khắc nghiệt D coarsely (adv): thô, không cách Tạm dịch: “If, for example, in a particular sample the amount of carbon-14 is mugth equivalent to the amount of nitrogen-M14, [ ]”: Thí dụ mẫu vật cụ thể lượng cacbon-14 tương đương với lượng nitơ- 14, [ ] Question 48: Đáp án D Đoạn văn đoạn _ A chất phần tất sống B làm cacbon-14 phân hủy thành nitơ-14 C cacbon-14 lại có thời gian bán hủy dài D phương pháp xác định niên đại khác Đoạn văn nối sau có nội dung liên quan nối tiếp với đoạn cuối Tạm dịch đoạn cuối: “Carbon dating cannot be used effectively in dating objects that are older than 80,000 years When objects are that old, much of the carbon-14 has already decayed into nitrogen-14, and the molecule amount that is left doesn’t provide a reliable measurement of age In the case of older objects, other age-dating methods are available, methods which use radioactive atoms with longer halflives than carbon has”: Phương pháp xác định niên đại carbon khơng thể sử dụng có hiệu cổ vật 80,000 tuổi Đối với cổ vật có tuổi đời vậy, phần lớn carbon-14 hồn tồn phân hủy thành nitơ-14, lượng phân tử cịn lại không đáng tin cậy để đo lường độ tuổi Trong trường hợp cổ vật có niên đại lâu hơn, phương pháp xác định niên đại khác khả dụng, phương pháp sử dụng nguyên tử phóng xạ có thời gian bán hủy lâu carbon Đối với cổ vật có tuổi đời lâu 80 000 tuổi phương pháp xác định niên đại carbon khơng cịn khả dụng, cần đến phương pháp khác Question 49: Đáp án D Trang 612 Đoạn văn ngụ ý _ A phương pháp xác định niên đại các-bon đến ngồi ngành khảo cổ học B hóa thạch xác định niên đại cách sử dụng carbon-14 C phương pháp xác định niên đại cácbon khơng thể sử dụng vật có chứa ni-tơ D carbon-14 khơng có chu kỳ bán rã dài biết đến Từ Question 48 ta suy cịn có chất khác có chu kì bán rã dài carbon-14 để xác định niên đại cổ vật 80,000 tuổi Question 50: Đáp án A Có thể suy từ đoạn văn vật có chứa nhiều các-bon 14 ni-tơ 14, vật _ A khơng đến 5.570 năm tuổi B lâu đời để xác định niên đại với carbon-14 C chứa nhiều phóng xạ để sử dụng nhà khảo cổ D 5.570 năm tuổi Dựa vào đoạn 2: “Carbon-14 has a half-life of 5,570 years, which means that after that number of years, half of the carbon- 14 atoms have decayed into nitrogen-14 It is the ratio of carbon-14 in that substance that indicates the age of the substance If, for example, in a particular sample the amount of carbon-14 is roughly equivalent to the amount of nitrogen-lá, this indicates that around half of the carbon- 14 has decayed into nitrogen-14, and the sample is approximately 5.570 years old”: Carbon-14 có thời gian bán hủy 5,570 năm, có nghĩa sau năm, nửa nguyên tử carbon-14 bị phân hủy thành nitơ-14 Chính tỷ lệ carbon-14 có chất cho thấy độ tuổi Thí dụ như, mẫu vật cụ thể lượng cacbon-14 tương đương với lượng nitơ- 14, điều khoảng nửa lượng carbon- 14 phân hủy thành nitơ-14, mẫu vật có niên đại khoảng 5,570 tuổi Nếu vật có chứa nhiều các-bon 14 ni-tơ 14, chứng tỏ chưa hồn tất chu kì bán hủy kéo dài 5.570 năm nên vật chưa tới 5.570 tuổi Trang 613 ... ngữ pháp Ta chọn đáp án D Trang 39 Trang 19 Lovebook.vn ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG NĂM 2019 CHUẨN CẤU TRÚC CỦA BỘ GIÁO DỤC – ĐỀ 03 Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề. .. Trang 20 Trang 20/7 Lovebook.vn ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG NĂM 2019 CHUẨN CẤU TRÚC CỦA BỘ GIÁO DỤC – ĐỀ 02 Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề Mark the letter A, B, C,...Lovebook.vn ĐỀ THI THỬ THPTQG NĂM 2019 CHUẨN CẤU TRÚC CỦA BỘ GIÁO DỤC – ĐỀ 01 Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề Mark the letter A, B, C,