Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC

CÁCH ĐỔI ACTIVE VOICE SANG PASSIVE VOICE Ex: Active sentence: Peter took this book yesterday Passive sentence: This book was taken by Peter yesterday Trong câu chủ động: - Peter → Subj ;[r]

1 MÔN TIẾNG ANH Cách sử dụng tài liệu: - Cách xem nhanh tài liệu: Rê chuột đến phần cần xem: + Giữ phím Ctrl đồng thời click trái chuột; + Muốn mục lục dùng tổ hợp: click-home - Lưu ý: Không chỉnh các tiêu đề, vì thay đổi đường dẫn cách xem tài liệu Nếu thay đổi tiêu đề thì phải làm lại đường dẫn liên kết Mục lục I Tóm tắt lý thuyết, bài tập và các đề ôn luyện: Theories and exercises (Lí thuyết và bài tập) A PHONETICS (Ngữ âm) SOUNDS STRESS B GRAMMAR (Ngữ pháp) Tenses Verb forms Passive voice Relative clauses Word forms 29 Tag questions Subject and verb agreement Result clauses Phrases and clauses of purpose 10 WH questions 11 Reported speech 12 Enough/ Too to inf - Used to – be (get) used to 13 Phrasal verbs 14 Prepositions 15 Articles 16 Conjunctions 17 Conditional sentences 18 The comparison of adjectives and adverbs 3 6 10 20 22 Practice tests (các bài luyện tập tham khảo) Practice test Practice test Practice test Practice test Practice test Practice test 72 72 75 79 82 86 90 Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn 32 33 36 37 39 41 46 51 53 59 63 65 68 II Đáp án (KEYS): A PHONETICS KEY- SOUNDS KEY- STRESS B GRAMMAR 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Key-Tenses Key-Verb forms Key-Passive voice Key-Relative clauses Key-Word forms Key-Tag questions Key-Subject and verb agreement Key-Result clauses Key-Phrases and clauses of purpose Key-WH questions Key-Reported speech Key-Enough/ Too to inf - Used to – be (get) used to Key-Phrasal verbs Key-Prepositions Key-Articles Key-Conjunctions Key-Conditional sentences Key-The comparison of adjectives and adverbs Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn PART I: THEORIES AND EXERCISES A PHONETICS (NGỮ ÂM) SOUNDS CÁCH PHÁT ÂM "S" CUỐI : trường hợp danh từ số nhiều động từ số ít Khi sau các phụ âm điếc (voiceless consonants): /f/, /k/, /p/, /t/ ,//,/h/ /s/ Ex: laughs, walks, cups, cats, tenths; books Khi sau phụ âm rít : /z/, /s/, /dz/, / t∫/, / ∫ /, /z/ Hoặc các chữ cái: s, x, z, / iz / ch, sh, ce, ge Ex: washes , kisses , oranges… Không thuộc hai loại trên Ex: bags , kids , days … /z / Ngọai lệ: bình thường chữ s phát âm /s/, có ngoại lệ cần nhớ: - Chữ s đọc /z / các từ :busy, please, easy, present, desire, music, pleasant, desert, choose, reason, preserve, poison -Chữ s đọc /'∫/ các từ sugar,sure Exercise A proofs B books C points D days A asks B breathes C breaths D hopes A sees B sports C pools D trains A tombs B lamps C brakes D invites A books B floors C combs D drums A cats B tapes C rides D cooks A walks B begins C helps D cuts A shoots B grounds C concentrates D forests A helps B laughs C cooks D finds 10 A hours B fathers C dreams D thinks 11 A beds B doors C plays D students 12 A arms B suits C chairs D boards 13 A boxes B classes C potatoes D finishes 14 A relieves B invents C buys D deals 15 A dreams B heals C kills D tasks 16 A resources B stages C preserves D focuses 17 A carriages B whistles C assures D costumes 18 A offers B mounts C pollens D swords 19 A miles B words C accidents D names 20 A sports B households C minds D plays CÁCH PHÁT ÂM “ –ED” CUỐI : Đây là hình thức Past tense và Past participle: “-ed ” pronounced as / id /: sau / t, d / : Thường sau chữ t, d : Ex: wanted; decided “-ed ” pronounced as / t /: sau / k, f, p, s, ∫, t∫, h ,/ chữ p, k, f, th, s, sh, ch : Ex: asked; stopped; laughed “-ed ” pronounced as / d / : Trừ trường hợp trên : Ex: moved; played; raised Ngọai lệ: Đuôi -ed các tính từ sau phát âm /id/: aged, learned, beloved, blessed, naked,, Exercise A worked A kissed A confused A devoted A catched A agreed B stopped B helped B faced B suggested B crashed B missed C forced C forced C cried C provided C occupied C liked Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn D wanted D raised D defined D wished D coughed D watched A measured A wounded A imprisoned 10 A a.failed 11 A invited 12 A removed 13 A looked 14 A wanted 15 A laughed 16 A.believed 17 A.lifted 18 A collected 19 A walked 20 A.admired B pleased B routed B pointed B reached B attended B washed B laughed B.parked B passed B prepared B lasted B changed B entertained B looked C distinguished C wasted C shouted C absored C celebrated C hoped C moved C stopped C suggested C involved C happened C formed C reached C missed BÀI TẬP VỀ CÁC NGUYÊN ÂM VÀ CÁC PHỤ ÂM KHÁC : A heat B scream C meat A breakfast B teacher C east A thrilling B other C through A idea B going C will A face B place C prepared A Germany B garden C gate A scholarship B Christ C school A house B harm C hour A hundred B exhausted C however 10 A head B ready C mean 11 A choir B cheap C child 12 A charge B child C teacher 13 A reason B clear C mean 14 A motion B question C mention 15 A gather B good C large 16 A change B children C machine 17 A write B writer C writing 18 A share B rare C are 19 A apply B university C identity 20 A choice B achieve C each D managed D risked D surrounded D solved D díplayed D missed D.stepped D.watched D placed D liked D decided D viewed D looked D hoped D dead D please D something D trip D days D gas D chicken D husband D heat D weather D chair D champagne D each D fiction D again D church D written D declare D early D chemistry STRESS - Một số quy tắc để nhận biết trọng âm 1/ Trọng âm thường ít rơi vào các tiền tố (prefix) và hậu tố (suffix)  Ex: dislike, unhappy, uncertain, disappointed, unashamed, forefather * Ngoại lệ: 'foresight , 'forecast , 'unkeep , 'upland , 'surname , 'subway Dưới đây là vài hậu tố không thay đổi dấu nhấn từ gốc V + ment: ag'ree (thoả thuận) =>ag'reement V + al: ap'prove (chấp thuận) => ap'proval V + y: de'liver (giao hàng)=> de'livery (sự giao V + ance: re'sist (chống cự) =>re'sistance (sự chống cự) hàng) V + age: pack (đóng gói) => 'package (bưu kiện) V + er: em'ploy (thuê làm) => em'ployer (chủ lao động) V + ing: under'stand (hiểu) => under'standing V + or: in'vent (phát minh) => in'ventor adj + ness: 'bitter (đắng) => 'bitterness (nỗi cay V + ar: beg (van xin) => 'beggar (người ăn xin) đắng) Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn 2/ Nói chung, trọng âm thường rơi vào nguyên âm kép dài, ít rơi vào nguyên âm ngắn /∂/ hay /i/ * Ex: a'bandon , 'pleasure , a'ttract , co'rrect , per'fect , in'side , 'sorry , 'rather , pro'duct , for'get , de'sign , en'joy 3/ Một từ hai vần vừa là động từ vừa là danh từ thì Động từ : trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ Danh từ : trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ Ex: 'rebell(n), re'bell(v), export, import, increase, object, perfect, permit, present, produce, record, refuse * Ngoại lệ : 'promise (n), (v) 4/ Trọng âm thường rơi vào trước các hậu tố (suffixes) sau đây vần : -ION, -IC, -IAL , -ICAL, UAL, -ITY, -IA, -LOGY, -IAN, -IOUS, -EOUS , -IENCE, -IENT, -GRAPHY , -NOMY , -METRY Ex: 'vision, uni'versity, phy'sician, li'brarian, Ca'nadian, Au'stralian, ex'perience, im'patience, edu'cation, a'bility, elec'tricity, bi'ology, psy'chology, Au'stralia, 'Austria, 'Asia, ge'ography, pho'tography, e'ssential, ha'bitual, me'chanical, mathe'matical, po'litical, de'licious, pho'netics, scien'tific, ge'ometry, a'stronomy Ngoại Trừ (exceptions): 'lunatic, a'rithmetic, 'politics, 'Arabic, 'television 5) Trọng âm rơi vào các vần cuối sau đây: -ADE, -OO, -OON, -EE, -EEN, -EER, -ESE, -AIRE, SELF, -ETTE, -ESQUE Ex: bamboo, millionaire, engineer, themselves, saloon, balloon, thirteen, Vietnamese, employee, agree, picturesque, Cartoon, guarantee, kangaroo, typhoon *Ngoại lệ : 'centigrade , 'coffee , co'mmittee , 'cukoo , 'teaspoon… Exercise a pollute a mechanic a compulsory a nursery a curriculum A apology A interview A certificate A scientific 10 A especially 11 A importance 12 A aspect 13 A terrific 14 A recognize 15 A continent 16 A appalling 17 A policeman 18 A competition 19 A accountant 20 A attention b contractual b military b intensity b focus b kindergarten B industrial B certificate B apartment B availlable B comfortably B subtraction B careful B applicant B challenge B belong B ashamed B cinema B intelligent B Arabic B interesting c reject c apologize c kidding c delicate c contaminate C industry C.applicant C individual C suspicious C carefully C algebra C require C banking C symbolize C master C November C overcoat C automation C Germany C influence Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn d marvellous d miraculous d invaluable d secure d.conventional D disaster D primary D biology D supportive D possibly D example D successful D ignorant D Continue D access D architect D politics D information D chemistry D television B GRAMMAR 1 Tenses Tenses The Simple Present (Thì đơn) a Form : ( Công thức ) - Khẳng định : I , We , You , They … ( S nhiều ) + V1 He , She , It ( S ít ) + V- s / es - Phủ định : I , We , You , They + don't + Vo He , She , It … + doesn't + Vo - Nghi vấn : Do + We , You , They + Vo … ? Does + He , She , It … + Vo … ? b Usage (Cách dùng ) : - Diễn tả chân lí, thật hiển nhiên Ex : The Earth goes round the sun - He is a doctor - Tom comes from England - Diễn tả thói quen việc xảy thường xuyên ( always, often, usually, sometimes, now and then, seldom, rarely, never, every ) dùng để nhận biết Ex : He often goes to class late / My mother gets up early every morning Note : Thêm – es vào sau động từ tận cùng : o , s , x ,z ,sh , ch The Present Continuous (Thì tiếp diễn) a Form : - Khẳng định : S + am / is / are + V –ing - Phủ định : S + am / is / are ( not ) + V -ing - Nghi vấn : Are / Is + S + V-ing … ? Ex: We are studying English now b Usage ( Cách dùng) : - Diễn tả hành động tiếp diễn thời điểm nói ( tại) * Dấu hiệu nhận biết : now , right now = at once , at ( the / this / present ) time, at the moment, Ra lệnh ( Look ! Listen ! ) Ex : - She is listening to his teacher now - Diễn tả hành động xảy tương lai ( có kế hoạch từ trước) Ex : She is getting married next year Note :* Be going to +Vo dùng để diễn tả hành động xảy mà tượng nó đã xuất hành động tương lai có dự định trước Ex: The grey dark appears It is going to rain The Present Perfect (Thì hòan thành) a Form : - Khẳng định : S + has / have + V3 , ed - Phủ định : S + has / have ( not ) V3 , ed - Nghi vấn : Has / Have + S + V3 , ed? b Usage (Cách dùng ) : * Diễn tả hành động vừa xảy xảy không rõ thời gian (thường kèm với các từ just , recently = lately, not yet, ever, never, aleady ) Ex : We haven’t finished our homework yet * Diễn tả hành động quá khứ kéo dài đến có khả tiếp tục tương lai (thường với các từ since , for) Ex : - They have lived here for ten years * Ngòai còn có số cụm từ thời gian : so far = until now = up to now ,how long ? It is the first / second / third … time, twice / many / three… times Note : For ( many, several, 2, / + times, years, months or a long time = ages ) # since ( last week ) The Simple Past (Thì quá khứ đơn ) a Form : - Khẳng định : S + V2, ed … ( To be : was / were ) Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn - Phủ định : S + did not Vo … - Nghi vấn : Did + S + Vo … ? b Usage : Diễn tả hành động đã xảy ra, chấm dứt quá khứ ( đôi biết rõ thời gian ) thường có các từ kèm : yesterday ,ago , last ( week /night … ) , in 1990 ( thời gian quá khứ ) The Past Continuous (Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn ) a Form : S + was / were + V - ing Ex: We were studying Maths at this time yesterday b Usage : - Diễn tả hành động xảy vào thời điểm xác định quá khứ Ex : - What were you doing at p.m yesterday? - Diễn tả hành động xảy vào thời điểm xác định quá khứ hành động xảy ( hành động này kéo dài ) thì có hành động khác xen vào Ex: a What were you doing at p.m yesterday? b We were watching television when he came - Diễn tả hành động xảy cùng lúc quá khứ Ex: Yesterday , while I was reading a book , my sister was watching T.V * Dấu hiệu nhận biết : at ( the / this / that ) time, at the moment, at 4p.m + thời gian quá khứ ( yesterday, last ) Ex : He was watching film at the moment yesterday The Past perfect (Thì quá khứ hòan thành ) a Form : S + had V3 , ed b Usage : Diễn tả hành động xảy trước hành động khác quá khứ trước thời điểm quá khứ Ex : When I got up this morning , my mother had already left * Dấu hiệu nhận biết : before , after The simple future : (Thì tương lai đơn ) a Form : S + shall / will Vo b Usage : Diễn tả hành động xảy tương lai : tomorrow , next ( week / month ) … , in 2010 The Perfect Future : ( Tương lai hòan thành ) Form S + will have V 3,ed Dấu hiệu nhận biết : By the end of … Ex : By the end of this year, I will have had a new bike Note : Sau when , while , before , after , until, by the time, as , as soon as, if ……… không dùng thì tương lai mà dùng thì đơn Ex : She will phone her parents when she comes here next week EXERCISES: I Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense She (not work)…………………., she (swim) ……………….in the river Why Ann (not wear) ……………… her new dress? You can't see Tom now: he (have) ……………… a bath He usually (drink) ……… coffee but today he (drink) …………… tea – What she (do) ………… in the evenings? – She usually (play) ……………cards or (watch)……………… TV She (stand) … at the bus stop I asked her what bus she (wait) …… for When I arrived , the lecture had already started and the professor (write) …………… on the overhead projector I didn't want to meet Paul , so when he entered the room I (leave) ……… He (watch) ……………… TV when the phone rang Very unwillingly he (turn) ………… down the sound and (go) ……………… to answer it 10 – This is my house Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn – How long you (live)…………………… here? – I (live) …………………here since 1970 11 He (live) …… in London for two years and then (go) … to Edinburgh 12 I (not see) ………………… him for three years I wonder where he is 13 I can't go out because I (not finish) ……………… my work 14 Here are your shoes; I just (clean) …………………… them 15 You (have) …… breakfast yet? – Yes, I (have) …………… it at 8.00 16 – You (be) ……………… here before? – Yes, I (spend) …………… my holidays here last year – You (have) ………………… a good time? – No, it never (stop) ………………… raining 17 – Where you (go) …… for your holidays this year? – I (go)… to Holland 18 They (get) ………………… married next week 19 – You (do) … anything tonight? – Yes, I (go) … to my carpentry class 20 It (rain)………………… Look at those clouds 21 You (have) ………………… time to help me tomorrow? 22 – Did you remember to book seats? – Oh no, I forgot I (telephone) …………… for them now 23 – He has just been taken to hospital with a broken leg – I'm sorry to hear that I (send) ……………… him some grapes 24 I've hired a typewriter and I (learn) ………………… to type 25 I see that you have got a loom You (do) ………… some weaving? II Multiple choices She Hanoi last year A went B go C goes D is going Now you from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours A are flying B would fly C will fly D can fly When Carol last night, I my favorite show on television A was calling- watched B called- have watched C called- was watching D had called- watched By the time next summer, you your studies A completes B will complete C are completing D will have completed Right now, Jim .the newspaper and Kathy .dinner A reads- has cooked B is reading- is cooking C has read- was cooking D read- will be cooking Last night at this time, they the same thing She and he the newspaper A are doing- is cooking- is reading B were doing- was cooking- was reading C was doing- has cooked- is reading D had done- was cooking- read – Hurry up! We’re waiting for you What’s taking you so long? – I …………… for an important phone call Go ahead and leave without me a wait b will wait c am waiting d have waited – Robert is going to be famous someday He …………… in three movies already – I’m sure he’ll be a star a has been appearing b has appeared c had appeared d appeared – Hello? Alice? This is Jeff How are you? – Jeff? What a coincidence! I ………… about you when the phone rang a was just thinking b just thought c have just been thinking d was just thought 10 – What …… about the new simplified tax law? – It’s more confusing than the old one a are you thinking b you think Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn c have you thought d have you been thinking 11 – Why did you buy all this sugar and chocolate? – I …………… a delicious dessert for dinner tonight a make b will make c am going to make d will have made 12 – Let’s go! What’s taking you so long? – I’ll be there as soon as I …… my keys a found b will find c find d am finding 13 While I ……………… TV last night, a mouse ran across the floor a watch b watched c was watching d am watching 14 The earth ……………… on the sun for its heat and light a is depend b depending c has depend d depends 15 I don’t feel good I ……………… home from work tomorrow a am staying b stay c will have stayed d stayed 16 I’ve been in this city for a long time I …………… here sixteen years ago a have come b was coming c came d had come 17 – May I speak to Dr Paine, please? – I’m sorry, he ………… a patient at the moment Can I help you? a is seeing b sees c has been seeing d was seeing 18 – Paul, could you please turn off the stove? The potatoes …… for at least 30 minutes a are boiling b have been boiling c boiling d were boiling 19 My family loves this house It …………….the family home ever since my grandfather built it 60 years ago a was b has been c is d will be 20 I know you feel bad now, Tommy, but try to put it out of your mind By the time you’re an adult, you ……………… all about it a forget b will have forgotten c will forget d forgot 21 The little girl started to cry She ……… her doll, and no one was able to find it for her a has lost b had lost c was losing d was lost 22 I much of you lately We three months ago A haven’t seen- last meet B didn’t see- met C haven’t seen- have meet D didn’t see- have met 23 The Chinese spaghetti dishes for a long time before Marco Polo back to Italy A made- brought B have made- brought C made- had brought D had been making- brought 24 When I arrived at the meeting the first speaker .speaking and the audience A just finished- were clapping B had just finished- had clapped C had just finished- were clapping D just finished- had clapped 25 He his job last month and then he out of work A lost- was B was lost- had been C has lost- was D lost- has been 26 Jane’s eyes burned and her shoulders ached She …………… at the computer for five straight hours Finally, she took a break a is sitting b has been sitting c was sitting d had been sitting 27 In the last hundred years, travelling .much easier and more comfortable A become B has become C became D will became 28 In the 19th century, it two or three months to across North America by covered wagon A took B had taken C had been taken D was taking 29 Sam to change a light bulb when he and A was trying -slipped- fell B tried- was slipping- falling C had been trying- slipped- was falling D has tried- slips- falls 30 In the past, the trip very rough and often dangerous, but things a great deal in the last Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn 10 hundred and fifty years A was- have changed C had been- will change B is- change D has been- changed 2 Verb Verb forms forms  Để dễ nhớ, ta chia hình thức động từ loại động từ : + Bare infinitive(động từ nguyên mẫu không To) >Vo + To infinitive (động từ nguyên mẫu có To) > V1 + Simple past( qúa khứ đơn) Vo-ED/ V2 > V2 + Past participle: qúa khứ phân từ : V3/ Vo-ED -> V3 + Present participle Hiện phân tư :Vo+ing -> V4 ( chức tính từ hay dùng thì tiếp diễn) + Gerund Danh động từ:(Vo+ing) (chức danh từ động từ) > V4 * Động từ chia theo ý nghĩa có động từ đặc biệt và động từ thường, chia theo dạng có dạng chính sau: Bare infinitive (V0) Infinitive : To infinitive (V1) Gerund (V0 + ing ) Past Participle  Vo ed/V3 ( V3 ) Participle : Present Participle - Vo + ing(V4 ) I Bare infinitive : (bare) động từ nguyên mẫu khơng to Sau modal verb ( động từ khiếm khuyết ) Sau auxilary verb : do, does, did Sau make, let, help ( sau help có thể có To inf ) Passive voice  dùng to inf theo sau Trừ let Sau động từ giác quan:(verbs of perception ) : see, hear, smell, feel, taste, watch, notice … Vo ( bare )  hành động đã xong S + V + object Vo ( ing )  hành động diễn Sau had better ( tốt ) would rather ( thà thì ), had sooner Sau thành ngữ : to nothing but + Vo ( bare ) : không làm gì mà Can not but + Vo(bare): không còn cách nào khác Causative form (Thể sai khiến): S + have + object ( người ) + Vo (bare) Simple present tense : I, you, we, they +Vo (bare) Bắt đầu câu mệnh lệnh: ( imprative ) II To infinitive (V1) động từ nguyên mẫu có To) Làm subject  V(sing) (review formal subject) Làm object of verb : S + V + to inf (as an object ) Làm bổ ngữ cho tân ngữ ( object complement ) ; S + V + obj + to infinitive Làm adjective  rút gọn adjective clause ( relative clause ) đứng sau danh từ  to reduce relative clause Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn review how 11 Làm adverb  rút gọn : adverbbial clause of result : đứng sau adj Rút gọn: adverbial clause of purpose: mục đích 5a Rút gọn clause of result theo công thức sau ( phrase of result ) S + V + too adj/adv ( for object )+ to inf S + V + adj/adv enough (for object )+to inf 5b Rút gọn : clause of purpose theo mẫu sau ( phrase of purpose ) to inf S+V+ in order for object to inf so as to inf It + take+ (object) + time + to inf Causative form: S+ get + object ( người ) + to inf Sau số động từ sau đây: 8.a Những động từ sau đây, theo sau là to infinitive : S + V + to inf afford : cung cấp đủ 21 manage : xoay xở agree : đồng ý 22 mean : muốn appear : có vẻ 23 need : cần ( chủ động, người ) arrange : xếp 24 offer : mời ask : hỏi 25 plan : dự định, kế hoạch attempt : cố gắng 26 prepare : chuẩn bị beg : đề nghị, xin 27 pretend : giả vờ care : quan tâm 28 promise : hứa claim : cho là, tuyên bố 29 refuse : từ chối 10 consent : đồng ý, tán thành 30 regret : tiếc ( tương lai ) 11 decide : định 31 remember : nhớ (tương lai ) 12 demand : yêu cầu 32 seem : dường 13 deserve : xứng đáng 33 struggle : đấu tranh, cố gắng 14 expect : trông đợi 34 swear : thề 15 dare : dám 35 threaten : dọa 16 fail : thất bại 36 tend : có khuynh hướng 17 forget : quên ( tương lai ) 37 volunteer : tình nguyện, xung phong 18 hesitate : ngập ngừng 38 wait : đợi 19 hope : hy vọng 39 want : muốn ( chủ động ) 20 learn : học 40 wish : ao ước 8.b Những động từ sau đây, theo sau là Obj + to inf: S + V + objective + to inf advise : allow: ask : beg : cause : challenge : convince : dare : encourage 10 expect : 11 forbid : 12 force : khuyên cho phép hỏi, đòi hỏi năn nỉ, xin gây thách thức, thách đố thuyết phục dám :khuyến khích trông đợi cấm bắt buộc 23 require : 24 recommend : 25 teach : 26 tell : 27 urge 28 want : 29 warn : 30 help : 31 would like 32 would prefer : 33 appoint : 34 charge : Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn yêu cầu khuyên dạy bảo : thúc giục, thuyết phục muốn cảnh báo giúp đỡ : thích thích định làm gì giao nhiệm vụ 12 13 hire : 14 instruct : 15 invite : 16 need : 17 tempt : 18 intend : 19 order : 20 permit : 21 persuade : 22 remind : thuê, mướn dẫn mời cần cám dỗ dự định lệnh cho phép thuyết phục nhắc lại 35 choose : lựa chọn 36 compel : cưỡng bách 37 defy : thách 38 desire : ao ước, thèm thuồng 39 direct : hướng dẫn, huy 40 implore : yêu cầu 41 provoke : xúi giục 42 Teach, explain, know, understand, discover, consider, think, believe + how + to inf :Chỉ cách thức III Gerund : Danh động từ A Gerund as a noun ( subj , obj, complement & appositive) Làm chủ ngữ  V(sing)  ( real subject & informal subject ) Làm tân ngữ Object of verb : S + V + V- ing ( gerund ) Object of preposition  sau preposition + V-ing Làm subject complement: Ex: My hobby is swimming ( gerund ) Làm appositive (ngữ đồng vị ) Ex: My hobby, swimming makes me healthy Đứng sau thành ngữ : it is no use, it is no good : there is no use, there is no good: vô ích can’t stand / bear / help : không thể chịu Sau hai tính từ : busy, worth Thành lập noun compound ( danh từ kép ) N + gerund child bearing Gerund + N  flying machine B Gerund as a verb : có object bổ nghĩa trạng từ admit : thừa nhận 26 hate : ghét advise : khuyên ( không object ) 27 mention : nhắc tới, nghĩ tới anticipate : tham gia 28 mind : phiền appreciate : đánh giá cao 29 miss : nhớ, lỡ, avoid : tránh 30 postpone : đình, hõan complete : hòan thành 31 prevent : ngăn cản consider : xem xét 32 practise : luyện tập delay : trì hõan 33 recall : gợi lại, nhớ lại dread : sợ 34 recollect : gợi lại 10 detest : ghét 35 recommend : khuyên, dặn dò 11 discuss : thảo luận 36 regret : tiếc nuối ( quá khứ ) 12 dislike : không thích 37 remember : nhớ ( qúa khứ ) 13 deny : từ chối 38 resent : tức giận, phật ý 14 enjoy : thưởng thức 39 resist : cưỡng lại, phản kháng 15 excuse : xin lỗi 40 risk : liều lĩnh 16 finish : hoàn thành 41 stop : ngừng, từ bỏ 17 forget : quên ( qúa khứ ) 42 start : ( To inf ) 18 forgive : tha thứ 43 suggest : đề nghị Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn 13 19 fancy 20 imagine 21 involve 22 include 23 keep 24 love 25 like : tưởng tượng : tưởng tượng : làm liên lụy : bao gồm : tiếp tục : ( To inf) : thích 44 tolerate : bỏ qua 45 understand : hiểu 46 restrict : hạn chế, giảm bớt, ngăn ngừa * can’t bear, can’t stand, can’t help * it is no use, it is no good, there is no use * look forward to * busy, worth IV Past participle : quá khứ phân từ – VoED/V3 Thêm trợ từ have+Vo-ED/V3 ( past participle ) perfect tense 2.Thêm trợ từ Be +VoED/V3(past participle) passive voice Làm chức adjective  passive meaning  cĩ thể rút gọn mệnh đề tính từ ( adjective clause or relative clause ) + Có thể rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian + Có thể rút gọn câu chủ ngữ thực hai hành động Thành lập adjective compound: tính từ kép N  man – made Adj + V ( PP – VoED/V3 )  new – born Adv  well – known Thêm “the” để thành lập danh từ tập hợp  V(plural ) educated(adj) the educated:những người có giáo dục Thành lập causative form : thể truyền khuyến S +have/get +object (chỉ vật)+ V ( PP – Vo ED/V3 ) V Present participle ( Vo + ing) phân từ Thêm trợ từ Be + Vo-ing để thành lập thì continuous tense Làm tính từ  mang nghĩa chủ động ( active meaning )  có thể rút gọn mệnh đề tính từ ( adjective clause or relative clause )  có thể rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ thời gian, nhượng bộ, lý và điều kiện  chủ ngữ thực hành động có thể dùng present participle để rút gọn Thêm mạo từ “the” để thành lập danh từ tập hợp : Ex: to live  the living : người sống Thành lập tính từ kép ( adjective compound ) N  peace – loving Adj Vo + ing  good – loking Adv  hard - working VI Vo + ing or to infinitive Recommend, begin, start, continue + To inf /Vo – ing Forget, remember, regret: +to inf  tương lai Stop +Vo – ing  quá khứ to infinitive  ngừng việc làm để làm việc khác Vo – ing :  ngừng việc làm Try to infinitive : cố gắng Vo – ing : thử Need, want, require To inf : mang nghĩa chủ động Vo+ ing : mang nghĩa bị động (need: tobe + V (PP) Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn 14 Would you mind + Vo- ing? Would you mind if + S + past Subjunctive …? Advise, allow, permit obj + to infi  + Vo- ing Prefer: + V-ing to V-ing:thích cái gì cái gì + to infinitive: thích cái gì đó Feel like + Vo ing: thích cái gì đó EXERCISES: I Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form (gerund , infinitive, participle) I caught him (climb) _ over my wall I asked him (explain) _ but he refused (say) _ anything, so in the end I had (let) _ him (go) _ When at last I succeeded in (convince) _ him that I wanted (get) _ home quickly he put his foot on the accelerator and I felt the car (leap) _ forward I'm not used to (drive) _on the left When you see everyone else (do) it you'll find it quite easy (do) _yourself It is pleasant (sit) _by the fire at night and (hear) _the wind (howl) _outside There was no way of (get) _out of the building except by (climb) _down a rope and Ann was too terrified (do) _this We heard the engines (roar) _as the plane began (move) _ and we saw the people on the ground (wave) _good-bye It's no good (write) _ to him; he never answers letters The only thing (do) _ is (go) _ and (see) _him Why did you go all round the field instead of (walk) _ across it? I didn't like (cross) _it because of the bull I never see a bull without (think) _that it wants (chase) _ me The people in the flat below seem (be) _ having a party You can hear the champagne corks (thud) _ against their ceiling 10 I don't like (get) _bills but when I get them I like (pay) _them promptly 11 Ask him (come) _in Don't keep him (stand) _at the door 12 The boys next door used (like) _(make) _ and (fly) _ model aero planes, but they seem to have stopped (do) _ that now 13 I knew I wasn't the first (arrive) _, for I saw smoke (rise) _from the chimney 14 We watched the men (saw) _the tree and as we were walking away heard it (fall) _with a tremendous crash 15 I hate (see) _a child (cry) _ 16 We watched the children (jump) _from a window and (fall) _into a blanket held by the people below 17 It is very unpleasant (wake) _ up and (hear) _ the rain (beat) _on the windows 18 He saw the lorry (begin) _ (roll) _ forwards but he was too far away (do) _ anything (stop) _it 19 There are people who can't help (laugh) _when they see someone (slip) _on a banana skin 20 I prefer (drive) _ to (be driven) _ II Multiple choices All the passengers were made their seat belts during the turbulence a buckle b to buckle c buckling d for buckling good ice cream, you need to use a lot of cream a Make b Making c To make d For make Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn 15 I got my friend her car for the weekend a to let me to borrow b to let me borrow c let me borrow d let me to borrow How can you let such a silly incident your friendship? a wreck b to wreck c wrecking d that wrecks ‘How about going to the theater?' 'OK,' but I would rather a concert.' a attend b to attend c attending d have attended The skiers would rather through the mountains than go by bus a to travel on train b traveled by train c travel by train d traveling by the train If we leave now for our trip, we can drive half the distance before we stop _ lunch a having b to have c having had d for having The examiner made us _ our identification in order to be admitted to the test center a show b showing c to show d showed As we entered the room, we saw a rat towards a hole in the skirting board a scamper b to scamper c scampering d was scampering 10 I remember to Paris when I was a very small child a to be taken b to take c being taken d taking 11 My parents wouldn't _ to the party a allow me go b allow me to go c allow me going d allow to go 12 We are going to have my house _ tomorrow morning a paint b painting c painted d to be painted 13 We hope that the students themselves will enjoy part in the projects a to take b taking c to be taken d being taken 14 Sally's low test scores kept her from _ to the university a admitting b to admit c to be admitted d being admitted 15 Are you sure you told me about the party? I don't recall _ about it a having told b to have told c having been told d to have been told 16 I meant to get up early but I forgot _ up my alarm clock a wind b to wind c wind d wound 17 Look at the state of the gate It needs as soon as possible a to repair b repairing c being repaired d be repaired 18 Alice didn't expect to Bill's party a asking b being asked c to ask d to be asked 19 We asked the piano so early in the morning, but she won't a Marie to stop playing b Marie stop to play c that Marie stops playing d Marie to stop to play 20 A good teacher makes her students the world from new perspectives a to view b view c to be viewed d viewing 3 Passive Passive voice voice I Form: Active: S + V + O + …… Passive: S + be + V3/ed + (by O) + …… Ex: Active: She arranges the books on the shelves every weekend S V O Passive: The books are arranged on the shelves (by her) every weekend S be V3/ed by O Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn 16 II CÁCH ĐỔI ACTIVE VOICE SANG PASSIVE VOICE Ex: Active sentence: Peter took this book yesterday Passive sentence: This book was taken by Peter yesterday Trong câu chủ động: - Peter → Subj ; took → động từ chính (Past simple) - this book → Obj; yesterday → trạng từ thời gian Trong câu bi động: - Obj ( this book) → Subj ; Subj ( Peter) →by Obj - took (động từ chính) → taken (V3 / VoED - Past participle) - thêm was vì động từ chính (took) chia thì Past simple A Tổng quát: Active sentence: Passive sentence: Subj + V + Subj + BE Obj + V3 / VoED(động từ chính) + by Obj 1- Chuyển: Obj -> Subj; Subj > by Obj (Có thể bỏ by Obj không cần thiết) 2-Thêm BE và chia thì tương ứng với thì câu chủ động Nghĩa là: Động từ chính câu chủ động thì nào thì “ To Be” phải chia thì đó) Như vậy: câu bị động “ To Be” có vai trò chia thì, Động từ chính có chức tính từ mang nghĩa bị động (không chia thì) 3- Chuyển động từ chính sang -> V3 Vo ED B Cụ thể sau: Xác định Subj, Obj, Verb câu chủ động (trong động từ phải xác định cho thì và động từ chính câu chủ động) Chuyển: Obj -> Subj; Subj > by Obj (Có thể bỏ by him/them/me/you/people/ someone : không cần thiết) - Nếu Subj câu chủ động là danh từ vật liệu, dụng cụ -> câu bị động thay by with + Obj Ex: Moss is covering this wall -> This wall is being covered with moss - Nếu Subj câu chủ động là: nothing, no one, nobody -> câu bị động bỏ by Obj và thể phủ định Ex: No one helps me -> I am not helped Chuyển động từ chính sang -> V3 Vo ED (Động từ chính có chức tính từ mang nghĩa bị động-không chia thì) Thêm BE và chia tương ứng với thì câu chủ động (Động từ chính câu chủ động thì nào thì To be phải chia thì đó ) Giữ lại động từ khiếm khuyết (Modal verb) câu bị động có Will/ would, shall/ should, can/ could, may/might must, have to, be going to, used to, Active: S+ will/would, shall/ should + Vo + object →Passive: S + will/would, shall/should + be + V3 / Vo ED (+ by object) Ex: Police will destroy these drugs → These drugs will be destroyed by police Đặt trạng từ thể cách (adj + ly) trước Past Participle (V3 / Vo ED) có Ex: People use English widely → English is widely used Giữ nguyên giới từ sau Past Participle (V3 / Vo ED) có Đặt trạng từ nơi chốn trước BY, trạng từ thời gian sau BY có Place + by Obj + Time Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn 17 Ex: Mr Pike built this school in my village last year → This school was built in my village by Mr Pike last year Past Participle (V3 / Vo ED) as an Adjective, đó động từ theo sau hầu hết là To infinitive Ex: She makes me cry → I am made to cry III NHỮNG TRƯỜNG HỢP PASSIVE VOICE ĐẶC BIỆT 1-Causative form(thể truyền khuyến): a/Active voice: -S + Have + Obj(chỉ người) + Vo Ex: I have him repair my bicycle -S + Get + Obj (chỉ người) + to infi Ex: I get him to repair my bicycle b/Passive voice: -S + Have/Get + Obj (chỉ vật) + V3 / Vo ED Ex: I have/get my bicycle repaired by him Sau động từ ý kiến (verb of opinion): say, think , believe, report, rumour, know, consider, claim Active: S1+ verb1 ( say/ believe/ think ) (that) +S2+ verb2 Passive: Cách 1: It + be + V3 / Vo ED (verb1) + S2 + verb Cách 2: S2 + be + V3 / Vo ED (verb1) + to-infinitive (verb 2) / + to have + V3 / Vo ED (verb 2) V1 khác thì V2 Ex: People say that he was crazy → Cách 1: It is said that he was crazy or → Cách 2: He is said to have been crazy.( to have been vì say và was khác thì) Ex: People say that money brings happiness → Cách 1: It is said that money brings happiness → Cách 2: Money is said to bring happiness.( Dùng to bring vì say và bring cùng thì) Sau động từ giác quan(verb of perception): see, hear, smell, feel, taste, watch, notice, make, help, bid Ex: I hear him come in -> He is heard to come in (nếu câu chủ động là coming thì giữ nguyên câu bị động) Imperative(câu mệnh lệnh): Ex: a Open the door -> Let the door be opened b They let him go out -> He was allowed to go out / He was let to go out Sau động từ: like, hate, love, want, wish, prefer, hope Ex: He wants KHA to take photographs→ He wants photographs to be taken by KHA Ex: He does not like people laughing at him > He does not like being laughed at Các động từ: advise, agree, insist, arrange, suggest, propose, recommend, determine, decide, demand, beg, urge, order, request Ex: He advised me to accept this job → Cách 1: He advised me this job should be accepted → Cách 2: I was advised to accept this job 7- Need + to be + V3 / Vo ED = Need + Voing Ex: Your shirt needs to be ironed / Your shirt needs ironing 8- It + be + adjective + to-infinitive + sth Passive: It + be + adjective + for sth + to be + V3 / Vo ED Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn 18 Ex: - It is important to finish this exercise =>It is important for this exercise to be finished - It is necessary to copy this lesson => It is necessary for this lesson to be copied - It is time to feed the chicken => It is time for the chicken to be fed 9- Các trường hợp khác: Ex Please enter this way -> You are requested to enter this way Dưới đây là vài ví dụ cách thêm BE và chia tương ứng với thì câu chủ động a.The simple present: S + Vo/Ve/es → S + am/is/are/ +V3 / Vo ED Ex: She cleans the floor everyday → Passive: The floor is cleaned everyday b.The present continuous: S + am/ is/ are + Vo + ing → S + am/ is/ are + being + V3 / Vo ED Ex: Mr.Baker is repairing the car →Passive: the car is being repaired by Mr Baker c.The present perfect: S+ has/have + V3 / Vo ED → S+ has/have + been + V3 / Vo ED Ex: Someone has stolen the bicycles → Passive: The bicycles have been stolen d.The simple past: S + Vo ED/ V2 → S + was/ were + V3 / Vo ED Ex: Where did they find the drugs ? ( S + V2/ V-ed) →Passive: Where were the drugs found ? e.The past continuous: (S + was/ were + V-ing ) → S + was / were + being + V3 / Vo ED Ex: They were preparing lunch when I came there yesterday → Lunch was being prepared when I came there yesterday f The past perfect: S+ had + V3 / Vo ED → S+ had been + V3 / Vo ED Ex: She had written almost ten pages by 3:00 pm → Almost ten pages had been written by 3:00 p.m g- Who + V + object ? Passive: - By whom ? - Who by ? Ex: Who wrote this novel ? → Passive: - By whom was this novel written ? hoặc: Who was this novel written by ? Exercise 1: Passive and Active voice People drink a great deal of tea in England Tom was writing two poems She often takes her dog for a walk People speak English all over the world A group of students have met their friends at the railway station They didn’t allow Tom to take these books home The teacher won’t correct exercises tomorrow How many trees did they cut down to build that fence? This well-known library attracts many people 10 My mother used to make us clean the house 11 He likes people to call him “Sir” 12 They are going to have someone repair their car 13 People say that he is intelligent 14 He can’t repair my bike 15 Mary has operated Tom since 10 o’clock 16 Mr Smith has taught us French for years 17 They didn’t look after the children properly 18 Nobody swept this street last week Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn 19 19 How many lessons are you going to learn next month? 20 You need to this work Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences in the passive: They will construct some new airports on islands …………………………………………………………………………………… The new president might fulfill this promise as quickly as people would like …………………………………………………………………………………… They are going to find out the mystery …………………………………………………………………………………… You can buy videos like this one anywhere …………………………………………………………………………………… Someone will tell you when you go in to see the doctor …………………………………………………………………………………… They should have finished the hotel by the time you arrive …………………………………………………………………………………… Someone has to write the history of the European Community one day …………………………………………………………………………………… When is someone going to announce the results of the contest? …………………………………………………………………………………… Where will your company send you next year? …………………………………………………………………………………… 10 They ought to have reported the accident to the police …………………………………………………………………………………… Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with the given words, active or passive Chris has good news The engineering firm where she had an interview yesterday (may + offer) ………………………… her a job soon Good news! I (may + offer) ………………………… a job soon I had an interview at an engineering firm yesterday You (should + open) ………………… the wine about three hours before you use it You (mustn’t + move) ………………………… this man; he is too ill He (will + have to + leave) ………………………… here You (must + take) ………………………… those books back to the library yesterday We tried, but the window (couldn’t + open) …………………………… You (must + keep) ………………………… meat in a refrigerator or it will spoil I (had better + wash) ……………… my clothes today, or they will be very smelly Someone (should + tell) ………………………… James the news immediately 10 This application (be supposed to + send) ………… to the personnel department soon Exercise 4: Choose the best option A, B, C or D to complete the sentence I shouldn’t ……… so much coffee last night I was wide awake till four in the morning A drink B drank C be drunk D have drunk The profits are supposed ………………… among the shareholders A to divide B to be divided C dividing D being divided When you are on duty, your uniform must ………………… at all times A wear B be wear C be worn D be wearing You promised her a letter; you ought to ………………… days ago A write B be writing C have written D be written Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn 20 After the test papers ………………… to the students in class tomorrow, the students ………………… their next assignment A will return – will be given B will be returned – are given C are returning – are giving D are returned – will be given The class for next semester is too large It ought to ………………… in half A be divided B divide C have divided D have been divided The entire valley can ………………… from their mountain home A see B be seen C being seen D sees He is wearing a gold ring on his fourth finger He must………………… A have been married B be married C marry D have married A child should ………………… everything he or she wants A gives B give C have been given D be given 10 Your daughter has a good voice Her interest in singing ………………… encouraged A should be B should C be D have 11 I found this book on my desk when I came to class It must …… by one of the students in earlier class A be left B have been left C leave D have left 12 You had better ………………….your chores before Mom gets home A be finished B have finished C have been finished D finish 13 These books will have to ………………… to the library tomorrow A return B have returned C being returned D be returned th th 14 Ann’s birthday was on the , and now it’s already the Her birthday card … a week ago A will be sent B can be sent C should have been sent D should have sent 15 You ………………… me to Dr Gray We’ve already met A don’t have to introduce B mustn’t be introduced C shouldn’t introduce D mustn’t introduce 16 Bill ………………….Ann to the party tomorrow A will be invited B will invite C will have invited D will have been invited 17 A new hospital ………………….in this area A are going to be built B builds C is going to be built D is going to build 18 Mike ………………… What’s going on in his English class A can’t understand B can’t be understood C could have understood D could have been understood 19 Our test papers ………………….by our teachers now A are marking B are being marked C will mark D will be marked 20 ………………….the birds in your garden at three o’clock yesterday afternoon? A Did you feed B Were you fed C Were you being fed D Were you feeding Exercise 5: Multiple choices Many U.S automobiles - in Detroit, Michigan A manufacture B have manufactured C are manufactured D are manufacturing I still can’t believe it! My bicycle - last night A was stolen B was stealing C stolen D stole Let’s go ahead and it now Nothing by waiting A will be accomplished B accomplished C has accomplished D accomplishes Tài liệu ôn tập thi CVC DeThi.edu.vn