PERFECT GERUND AND PERFECT PARTICIPLE: - Cách dùng tương tự Present Participle & gerund nhưng về mặt ý nghĩa, nó diễn tả hoặc nhấn mạnh sự hoàn thành của 1 hành động Eg1: Finishing my ho[r]
(1)Date : 18 / 10 /2009 Period UNIT 4: Volunteer work PERFECT GERUND ,PERFECT PARTICIPL PRESENT PARTICIPLE Aim: - Ps will be able to talk about volunteer work and use perfect gerund ,perfect participl present participle Language contents : @ Vocabulary : Words and phrases to talk about volunteer work @ Grammar: perfect gerund ,perfect participl present participle Techniques: questions – answers Teaching aids Chart , handout Procedure Teacher’s and pupils’ activities Content T asks sts to answer the questions Sts discuss in pairs and answer WARM-UP Where stdents volunteer work ? Which kind of volunteer work you like ? what is the aim of volunteer work ? -T presents the lesson T presents topic and grammar T asks sts to answer the questions Sts work in pairs to ask and answer T calls some pairs to talk in front of the ckass T comments T presents about Gerund and participle Sts listen and copy present II PRESENTATION Topic: volunteer work What volunteers to ….?0 + help people in remote or mountainuos areas + help old or sick people + help disadvantaged or handicapped children + take part in directing the traffic Grammar: perfect gerund ,perfect participle, present participle I Participles There are three kinds of participles in English: present participle, past participle and perfect participle You probably know the first two from certain tenses and adjective forms Apart from that, participles are also used to shorten sentences Present Participle The present participle is the ing-form You surely know this form: * from progressive / continuous tenses (e g Present Progressive) – I am speaking * as an adjective form – The film is interesting * as a gerund – He is afraid of flying Not the exceptions in spelling when adding 'ing': Exception Example final e dropped (but: ee is not changed) come – coming (but: agree - agreeing) final consonant after short, stressed vowel is doubled sit – sitting final consonant l after vowel is always doubled (in British English) travel – travelling Final ie becomes y lie – lying The present participle can be used to describe the following verbs: come, go, sit Example: The girl sat crying on the sofa The present participle can also be used after verbs of the senses if we not want to emphasise that the action was completed Lop11.com (2) (see Infinitive or Ing-Form) feel, find, hear, listen to, notice, see, smell, watch Example: Did you see him dancing? Furthermore, the present participle can be used to shorten or combine active clauses that have the same subject Example: She left the house and whistled – She left the house whistling Perfect Participle The perfect participle can be used to shorten or combine clauses that have the same subject if … * … one action (the one where the perfect participle is used) is completed before the next action starts Example: She bought a bike and cycled home – Having bought a bike, she cycled home * … one action has been going on for a period of time when another action starts Example: He had been living there for such a long time that he didn't want to move to another town – Having lived there for such a long time, he didn't want to move to another town The perfect participle can be used for active and passive voice * active voice: having + past participle (Having cooked, he set the table.) * passive voice: having been + past participle (Having been cooked, the food looked delicious.) II PERFECT GERUND AND PERFECT PARTICIPLE: - Cách dùng tương tự Present Participle & gerund mặt ý nghĩa, nó diễn tả nhấn mạnh hoàn thành hành động Eg1: Finishing my homework, I went to bed: Sau làm xong bài tập tôi ngủ Having finished my homework, : Sau đã làm xong bài tập * Câu thứ hai nhấn mạnh việc ngủ xảy sau đã làm xong bài tập Eg2: I approve of helping the poor: Tôi đồng ý với việc giúp đỡ người nghèo I approve of having helped the poor: Tôi đồng ý với việc các bạn đã giúp đỡ người nghèo * Câu thứ hai diễn tả ý giúp đỡ người nghèo này đã xảy - Perfect gerund: Eg: I had had dinner and then I went out for a walk last night ~~> Having had dinner, I * Use: Rút gọn & diễn tả hành động xảy trước hành động khác/ - Perfect participle: Eg: The denied having been there PREP/ VERB + HAVING V3 * Use: diễn tả hành động xảy trước ko xảy trước Lop11.com (3) T asks sts to write Sts work individually T calls sts to read their writing T comments and corects T asks sts to exercises Sts work in pairs to the exercises T gives the handouts T has pupils sit in groups of to discuss and the exercise T calls some ps to speak in front of the class T corects whole class III.Practice I Write about a kind of volunteer work your friends and you usually to help people We usually take part in …………… II Change into simple sentences , using perfect participle After I had taken many photos, I closed my camera I had seen the film once, so I did not want to see it again I had nothing to eat so I now feel hungry As I has broken my pen, I had to buy a new one III Change the following complex sentences into simple ones using present participle I watched the girls while they were playing While he was going home, he methis father Because my father was busy, he could not come As soon as I entered the room, I found my friend sick IV Production Exercise : ( hand outs ) 5.HOMEWORK Do the exercise again Complete each sentence with one of these verbs : answer, apply, be, be, listen, make, see, try, use, wash, work, write, cause, escape, go, help, interrupt, live, play, solve, spend, walk He tried to avoid my questions Could you please stop so much noise? I enjoy to music I considered for the job but in the end I decided against it Have you finished your hair yet? If you walk into the road without looking, you risk .knocked down Jim is 65 but he isn’t going to retire yet He wants to carry on I don’t mind you the phone as long as you pay for all your calls Hello! Fancy you here! What a surprise! 10 I’ve put off the letter so many times I really must it today 11 What a stupid thing to do! Can you imagine anybody so stupid? 12 Sarah gave up to find a job in this country and decided to go abroad 13 Do you feel like out this evening? 14 It took us a long time but we finally succeeded in the problem 15 I’ve always dreamed of in a small house by the sea 16 The driver of the other car accused me of the accident 17 There was a fence around the lawn to stop people from on the grass 18 Forgive me for you but may I ask you some questions? 19 Where are you thinking of your holiday this year? 20 The guards weren’t able to prevent the prisoner from 21 I wanted to cook the meal by myself but Dave insisted on me 22 I’m sorry we’ve had to cancel our game of tennis tomorrow I was really looking forward to Handouts : Lop11.com (4)