Cu the la, cbi dao cac td chuc tin dung tiep tuc nang cao nang lyc tai chinh, quan tri dieu banh, phat trien dich vu ngan hang hien dai, dap iing yeu cau hpi nhap; ra soat siia ddi v[r]
(1)Nghien ciin - Trao doi T a p c h i C p n g s o n
THirC HIEN NHIEM VU NGAN HANG
• • • •NAM 2010 VA DINH
H U N G
NAM 2011
D A O MINH TU
Trong ndm 2010 nhdng dien Men cua tinh hinh kinh te the gidi, nudc dd cd nhieu dnh hudng cd tich cue ldn tieu cue den ket qud dieu hdnh chinh sdch tien te cua Ngdn hdng Nhd nudc vd hoqt dgng cua he thdng ngdn hdng
Tinh hinh thirc hien nhiem vu
ngan hang nam 2010
Thye Men Nghi quyet ciia Quoc hpi, CMnh phii ve muc tieu phat trien kinh te - xa hdi nam 2010, Ngan hang Nha nudc da ban banh cac cM thi va ke hoach hanh dpng ve thye Men cMnh sach tien te, bao dam an toan boat dpng ngan hang, kiem che lam phat, tich cyc cM dao va giam sat cac dan vi ttong toan nganh thye Men c6 kit qua va Meu qua cao cac nMem vy da de ra, thi bien tren cac mat sau:
1- Thuc hien cdc gidi phdp dieu hdnh chinh sdch tien te, ty gid vd ngoai hoi theo Nghi quyit sd 18/NQ-CP vd Nghi quyit s6 23/NQ-CP cua Chinh phu
- Dieu hdnh lugng tien cung ung thong qua cac cong cu chinh sdch tien te di dap img nhu cau khodn cua cdc ngdn hdng thuong mai, nen kinh te, tdc dong ldm gidm mat bang ldi sudt thi trudng: (1) Giam ty le dy trir bit bupc bing
ngoai te tii 7% xudng 4% ddi vdi ky ban dudi 12 thang, tii 3% xuong 2% ddi vdi ky ban tren 12 thang, lam tang nguon vdn dl cho vay, giam chi phi huy dpng von va tac dpng dn dinh ty gia, phii hgp vdi dien biin kinh tl vi mo; (2) Diiu hanh linh boat ngMep vu tM tnrdng md vdi khdi lugng va lai suit hgp ly; (3) Giam lai suit nghiep vu tM trudng md, hoan ddi ngoai te; (4) Cho vay
tai cap von trye tiep cho ngan hang thuang mai cd quy mo nho nham dn dinh thi trudng tien te
- Chi dgo tdng tdi cdp vdn cho ndng nghiep,
ndng thdn, hudng ddn cdc ngdn hdng thuong mgi thuc hien cho vay theo ca che ldi sudt thda thudn bdng VND, dieu hdnh linh hogt cdc miic ldi sudt, ket hgp vdi cdc bien phdp khac de dieu tiet mat bdng ldi sudt thi trudng phu hgp Dieu
hanh linh boat Iai suat nghiep vu thi trudng md, lai suat co ban (giu dn dinh cac miic lai suat dieu hanh 10 thang dau nam; tii 5-11-2010, dieu chinh tang 1%/nam cac miic lai suat dieu hanh) Phdi hgp vdi Hiep hdi Ngan hang de tao sy dong thuan giiia cac vien ve mat bang lai suat huy dpng VND
- Thuc hien cdc gidi phdp hd trg khu vuc
nong nghiep, ndng thdn vd gdi kich thich kinh te theo Nghi quyet cua Chinh phu, tap
trung cM dao cac to chiic tin dung md rpng va nang cao chat luong, hieu qua tin dung, don gian hda thu tuc cho vay; tap trung von cho vay phyc vu san xuit, kinh doanh khu vyc nong ngMep, nong thon, xuat khau, doanh nghiep nhd va vua - Diiu hdnh ty gid vd thuc hien cdc bien phdp
qudn ly ngoai hdi chdng suy gidm du trie ngogi hdi nhd nudc, kiim sodt nhap sieu vd ngdn ngda
* TS, Ngan hang Nha nirac Viet Nam
(2)Nghien cuu - Trao ddi T a p c h i C p n g s a n
nguy ca rui ro vi khodn ngogi te vd ty gia
Ngan hang Nha nudc da lin diiu chinh tang ty gia USDA^ND binh quan lien ngan hang Quy dinh muc lai suit tiln gui tdi da bang USD %/nam cua td chirc kinh tl tai cac td chiic tin dung Can thiep mua, ban ngoai te d muc hgp ly dl dieu tiet cung - cau ngoai te, tang tinh khoan cho tbi tradng va ho trg ngoai te cho nhu ciu nhap khiu cac mat hang thiet yeu phyc vu san xuit nudc Chi dao cac to chiic tin dung trien khai sau rpng viec mua ngoai te ciia mpt sd tap doan, tdng cong ty nha nudc dl tang ngudn cung ngoai te cho thi trudng Kilm soat chat che viec mua, cho vay, toan ngoai te phyc vu nhap khau nham ban che nhap sieu
Ddi vdi tbi trudng vang, Ngan hang Nha nudc da tang cudng cac bien phap quan ly va dieu tiet tbi trudng: chi dao cac to chtic tin dung thye hien nghiem tiic viec ddng cua san vang va tat toan trang thai kinh doanb vang tren tai khoan d nudc ngoai; cho phep xuat, nhap khau vang can thiet; ban hanh Thdng tu thu hep hoat dpng huy dpng va cho vay bang vang cua cac td chiic tin dung
Nhin chung, thi trudng tien te, tin dung ndm 2010 tuong doi on dinh vd dien bien phii hgp vdi yeu cdu phdt trien kinh te - xd hdi
- Tin dung den 31-12-2010 udc tang
29,81% so vdi cuoi nam 2009, do: Tin dung VND tang 25,3%; Tin dung ngoai te tang 49,3% Neu trd hu so ty gia va gia vang tang thi tong du ng tang 27,6%, do: tin dung VND tang 25,3%, tin dung ngoai te tang 37,7% - Tong phuang tien toan den 31-12-2010 tang 25,3% so ydi cudi nam 2009; huy dpng vdn tang 27,2% Neu trii hu sd ty gia va gia vang tang, thi tdng phuang tien toan tang 23%, huy dgng vdn tang 24,5%
- Sau thye hien co che lai suat thda thuan va ciing vdi cac bien phap dieu banh tien te linh boat ciia Ngan hang Nha nudc, lai suat huy dpng va cho vay VND ciia cac ngan hang thuang mai giam din (miic giam khoang 1%) Hien nay, cac ngan hang da thuc hien ddng thuan lai suat huy dpng VND khdng vuot qua 14%/ nam; lai suat cho vay binh quan 15,27%/nam Lai suit huy
ddng va cho vay bang USD tang khoang 0,5 %/nam so vdi cudi nam 2009, hien lai suat buy dpng binh quan d muc 4,08%/nam, lai suat cho vay binh quan d miic 6,26%/nam
- Thi tradng ngoai te, thi trudng vang da dan dn dinh, ngudn cung ngoai te dugc cai tMen dang ke, ty gia dien bien phii hgp vdi muc tieu khuyen khich xuat khau, gdp phan ban che nhap sieu, cai thien can can toan qudc te (den 15-12-2010, ty gia USD/VND binh quan lien ngan bang tang 5,52% va ty gia mua ban USD/VND cua cac ngan hang thuang mai tang 5,53% so vdi cudi nam 2009) Gia vang nudc dien bien tuong ddi sat vdi gia vang the gidi, chenh lech gia vang nudc va gia the gidi da dugc thu hep
- Vdn kha dung bang VND cua cac td chiic tin dung dien bien theo xu budng tuang doi dn dinh, bao dam kha nang toan, bao dam yeu cau dy trii bat bupc
2 - Bdo ddm an todn vd phdt trien he thdng
cdc to chuc tin dung
Ngan hang Nha nudc tiep tuc chi dao trien khai nhieu giai phap nham nang cao tinh an toan boat dpng ciia cac to chuc tin dung, gop phan dn dinh kinh te vi md Cu the la, cbi dao cac td chuc tin dung tiep tuc nang cao nang lyc tai chinh, quan tri dieu banh, phat trien dich vu ngan hang hien dai, dap iing yeu cau hpi nhap; soat siia ddi va ban banh mpt sd quy dinh mdi lien quan den bao dam an toan boat ddng ciia to chiic tin dyng theo hudng phii hgp ban vdi thong le, chuan myc qudc te va tinh hinh thye tien Viet Nam; chi dao va giam sat viec thye Men ke hoach tang von ciia cac td chiic tin dung theo quy dinh tai Nghi dinh so 141/2006/ND-CP, trinh va dugc Thu tudng chap thuan phuang an gia ban thdi gian tang von dieu le den 31-12-2011; tang cudng cong tac tra, kiem tra, giam sat doi vdi tien te, ngan hang va xir ly kip thdi cac sai pham
3 - Phdt trien todn khdng dimg tien mat
Trong nam 2010, Ngan hang Nha nudc da giao chi tieu thuc Men Chi thi so 20/2007/CT-TTg ve tra luong qua tai khoan cho timg dia ban
(3)Nghien cun - Trao ddi T p p c h i C ^ n g s a n
phii hgp vdi dac dilm tinh Mnh va xu hirdng phat ttiln cua tiing dia phuang Din cudi nam 2010, CO 53% don vi hudng luong tii ngan sach nha nudc thye Men tta luong qua tai khoan (den cudi nam 2009 ty le la 41,5%) He thdng toan dien tir hen ngan hang tiep tyc dugc md rgng va van hanh Meu qua, gdp phan tang cudng kha nang cung cap dich vy toan Men dai, dap iing nhu cau toan ciia nen kinh te
Cac to chiic cung ung dich vu toan tiep tuc trien khai ap dung nMeu cong nghe Men dai, the ngan hang dang trd phuang tien toan phd bien Udc den cudi nam 2010, so lugng the phat hanh tten pham vi ca nudc dat khoang 28,5 trieu the, ban 11.000 ATM va gan 50.000 tMet hi chap nhan the (POS) dugc lip dat Viec kit ndi he thdng ATM, POS mdt he thong thong nhat tten toan quoc dupc trien khai tich cyc, ttong hen minh the Banknet-VNBC-Smarthnk da ket noi ben thong he thong ATM tten pham vi toan quoc va phdi hgp vdi 15 ngan hang thuc Men cdng viec ket noi he thong POS tren dia ban Ha Npi va Thanh phd Ho CM Minh vdi sy tham gia ciia nMeu don vi cung cap hang hda, dich vu
Nam 2010, he thdng the che ve tien te va boat dong ngan hang dugc tap trang hoan tMen, hudng tdi chuan myc mdi, phii hgp ban vdi thong le quoc te va dieu kien Viet Nam nham tang cudng Meu lyc quan ly nha nudc ciia Ngan hang Nha nudc va tao thuan lpi cho cac td chuc tin dung boat dpng an toan, Meu qua Ngan bang Nha nudc da ninh va da dugc Quoc hpi thong qua Luat Ngan hang Nha nudc va Luat Cac td chuc tin dung (siia ddi) cd Meu lyc tirngay 1-1-2011
Ngoai ra, nhimg nMem vy trpng tam khac ciing dugc trien khai thye Men tich cyc, nhu: ddi mdi va nang cao chit lugng thdng ke dy bao, hoan tMen the che ve tien te va boat dpng ngan hang, tang cudng boat dpng ddi ngoai va chii dpng bpi nhap kinh tl qudc tl, day manh cdng tac cai each hanh cMnh, day manh cdng tac thong tm myen trayin, gdp phin tao sy ddng tinh cua du Man doi vdi cac chu traong, giai
phap ciia CMnh phu va Ngan hang Nha nudc ve tien te va boat dpng ngan hang
4 - Mot s6 tdn tgi, hqn chi vd vdn de cdn quan tdm xd ly
TM tnrdng tien te, tM tnrdng ngoai boi va can can toan qudc tl cd thai dilm dien bien khong thuan lgi, chua giai quyit triet de tinh ttang mat can ddi cung ciu ngoai te va chenh lech ty gia giiia tM ttudng ty va tM tradng cMnh thiic Gia vang len xudng thit thudng, thi tnrdng vang ttong nudc xuat Men yeu to dau co lam gia Hoat dgng ciia cac td chuc tin dung tiem an riii ro Bien dpng lai suat nhung dau thang 12-2010 cho thay hoat dpng kinh doanh cua cac td chiic tin dung chua on dinh, ttach nMem ddi vdi van de an toan he thong ciia mpt so td chiic tin dung chua cao Nang lyc quan tri khoan d mpt sd ngan hang thuong mai cdn ban che Nhan thiic va chap hanh cM dao cua CMnh phii va cua Ngan hang Nha nudc d mpt so ngan hang thuang mai chua cao, chua the Men tinh than ttach nMem day du ddi vdi an toan he thdng, nhat la ttong thye Men cam ket dong thuan ciia Hiep hdi Ngan hang Thanh toan khong dung tien mat tai Viet Nam da phat triln nhanh, nhung van chua tuang xiing vdi ket cau tang san cd, ma nguyen nhan chii yeu thdi quen toan bang tien mat ciia ngudi dan chua dugc khac phue
Dinh hmmg nhiem vu ngan hang
nam 2011 • >::':•' :'^ :
JSJJ;aviv
Dya tten trien vgng kinh te ttong va ngoai nudc, Qudc hdi va CMnh phii da xac dinh, nam 2011 can phdi hgp chat che dieu hanh cMnh sach tai khda, dieu hanh cMnh sach tien te chii dpng, linh boat va than trong, gdp phan thye Men muc tieu tang ttudng kinh te, kiem che lam phat va quan ly nhap sieu
Tren ca sd thye Men cac cM tieu tiln te, tin dung nam 2010, bam sat muc tieu tang ttudng kmh tl va lam phat nam 2011 CMnh phu dl ra, Ngan hang Nha nudc da xac dinh muc tieu va cac nMem vu ttgng tam ttong nam 2011 Cu the la:
(4)Nghien cuir - Trao doi T a p c h i C d n g s A n
- Tap trang xay dyng, ban hanh ddng bp va kip thdi he thdng van ban hudng dan Luat Ngan hang Nha nudc va Luat Cac td chiic tin dung nham tao hanh lang phap ly viing chac cho boat dpng ngan hang;
- Dieu banh cMnh sach tiln te chii dong, Unh boat va than trpng theo nguyen tic tbi tradng, phdi hgp chat che vdi cMnh sach tai khoa va cac chinh sach kinh tl vi mo khac nham kiem soat lam phat va dn dinh kinh tl vi mo, tdng phuang tien toan tang 21% - 24%, tin dung doi vdi nin kinh tl tang khoang 23% Lai suat va ty gia dugc dieu hanh d miic phii hop vdi cac can ddi kinh tl VI md, bao dam an toan he thong, nang cao hieu qua quan ly nha nudc ciia Ngan hang Nha nudc;
- Dieu banh ty gia va quan ly ngoai hdi theo tin hieu thi tradng, phii hgp vdi dien Men lai suat, can ddi bai bda cung - cau ngoai te, tang tinh khoan cho tM tradng va thiic day xuat khau, ban che nhap sieu, giam dan tinh trang la hda nen kinh te Phdi hgp vdi cac bp, nganh lien quan theo doi, quan ly chat che tM tradng vang va tbi tradng ngoai te;
- Tiep tuc nang cao chat lugng tin dung, danh gia thye trang chat lugng boat dpng ciia cac td chuc tin dung de ap dyng cac bien phap tMch hgp nhim kilm soat chat che quy md, chat lugng va CO cau tin dyng;
- Theo doi, giam sat chat che va dy bao kip thai dien Men kinh te vi mo, dien bien tM trudng tai cMnh nudc va qudc te de phue vu cd hieu qua cdng tac chi dao, dieu hanh boat dpng tien te, ngan hang;
- Tang cudng kha nang phat Men, canh bao sdm rui ro hoat dgng ngan hang Ket hgp CO Meu qua giiia tra, giam sat viec chap banh cMnh sach phap Mat vdi tra, giam sat riii ro boat ddng ciia ddi togng tta, giam sat ngan hang;
- Tiep tuc ciing cd, sap xep lai cac to chiic tin dyng phii hgp vdi thong I^ va chuan muc qudc te, tang cudng tinh cdng khai minh bach boat ddng ngan hang;
- Trien khai diy manh toan khdng dung tien mat tai Viet Nam giai doan 2011-2015.0
Regarding practical implementation
of the financial tasks in 2011
DAO MINH TU
Dr, The State Bank of Vietnam
In 2010, the State Bank of Vietnam performed well the set - out tasks, including the implementation of the solutions for regulatmg cunency, exchange rates, and foreign exchange in accordance with the Governmental Resolutions No 18/NQ-CP and No 23/NQ-CP The system of credit institutions were ensured with safety and development Non - cash payments were developed However, there are still some restrictions in this work That is why m 2011 the State Bank of Vietnam has determined goals and tasks which are closely adherent to economic growth and conttol of inflation stired up by the Govemment