Extensible markup language

Introduction to XML Chapter Chapter Objectives -1      Discuss markup language List and explain drawbacks of HTML Discuss the architecture of XML documents List the benefits of XML Discuss Parser Core XML / Chapter / Slide of 35 Chapter Objectives -2  Build a complete XML Document: Character Data  Comments  Processing Instructions  Entities  General Entities  Parameter Entities  The DOCTYPE Declarations  Core XML / Chapter / Slide of 35 History of Markup Documents recorded using paper and pen Typesetters formatting documents Tools used by typesetters to format a document Core XML / Chapter / Slide of 35 Markup Language   A Markup language defines the rules that help to add meaning to the content and structure of documents They are classified as:    Stylistic Markup – It determines the presentation of the document Structure Markup – It defines the structure of the document Semantic Markup – It determines the content of the document Core XML / Chapter / Slide of 35 SGML    Generalized Markup Language (GML) is the system of formatting documents GML was fine-tuned and came to be known as Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) SGML is the source of origin of all markup languages Core XML / Chapter / Slide of 35 Features of SGML    It describes markup language, which allows authors to create their own tags that relate to their content It needs a separate file that will contain all the rules for the language, for its interpretation A SGML application is markup language derived from SGML Core XML / Chapter / Slide of 35 HTML    HTML is the most famous markup language derived from SGML It was created to mark up technical papers so that they could be transferred across different platforms for the scientific community It is now also used by those non-scientific users who are concerned about their document’s presentation Core XML / Chapter / Slide of 35 Drawbacks of HTML         Fixed tag set Presentation technology does not relate to the contents It is flat Clogging HTML is not international Data interchange is impossible Does not have a robust linking mechanism HTML is not reusable Core XML / Chapter / Slide of 35 HTML and XML code Examples HTML Code

• TOM CRUISE
  • CLIENT ID : 100
  • COMPANY : XYZ Corp
  • Email : tom@usa.net
  • Phone : 3336767
  • Street Adress : 25th St
  • City : Toronto
  • State : Toronto
  • Zip : 20056

XML Code TOM CRUISE 100 XYZ Corp tom@usa.net 3336767 25th St Toronto Toronto 20056 Core XML / Chapter / Slide 10 of 35 The ElementType Element - Empty Attributes of ElementType element are: name textOnly model eltOnly content order dt:type mixed Values for the attribute One Seq many Core XML / Chapter / Slide 15 of 29 The element Element -   It is used to declare an instance of an element with a group or element type The three attributes of the element ‘element’ are: type: used to specify the type of the element  minOccurs: the minimum number of times the element must occur  maxOccurs: the maximum number of times the element must occur  Core XML / Chapter / Slide 16 of 29 The element Element - The relationship between the minOccurs and maxOcuurs attribute minOccur maxOccur Number of times an element can occur or 1 1 * Infinite * At least once >0 * >maxOccurs >0 At least times Any value