SCAFFOLING procedure

H E A LT H A N D S A F E T Y I N E M P L O Y M E N T A C T 9 APPROVED CODE OF PRACTICE FOR THE SU E BY D A TH ND SE OF E M AP PR PT L I EM AB NIS OV O BE UR TER ED R 19 95 SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING D E PA RT M E N T O F LABOUR T E TA R I M A H I IS OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY & H E A LT H S E R V I C E Published by the Occupational Safety and Health Service, Department of Labour, Wellington, New Zealand First edition 1963 Revised 1970 Reprinted 1972 Revised 1976 Reprinted 1980 Revised 1985 Revised 1988 Revised 1989 Reprinted 1991 Revised 1995 and published as an approved code of practice ISBN 0-477-03550-5 $10 (Incl GST) CONTENTS NOTICE OF ISSUE FOREWORD PREFACE A SUMMARY OF THE HEALTH AND SAFETY IN EMPLOYMENT ACT 1992 REGULATIONS 9 APPROVED CODES OF PRACTICE EMPLOYERS’ DUTIES 9 HAZARD MANAGEMENT 10 INFORMATION FOR EMPLOYEES 11 EMPLOYERS TO INVOLVE EMPLOYEES IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTH AND SAFETY PROCEDURES 11 TRAINING OF EMPLOYEES 11 SAFETY OF PEOPLE WHO ARE NOT EMPLOYEES 11 EMPLOYEES’ AND SELF-EMPLOYED PERSONS’ DUTIES 11 ACCIDENTS AND SERIOUS HARM (RECORDS AND NOTIFICATION) 12 DEFINITIONS 13 REQUIREMENTS 17 1.1 INTRODUCTION 17 1.2 DEFINITIONS OF SCAFFOLDING AND SCAFFOLDING PROCESS 1.3 THE BUILDING ACT 18 1.4 MATERIALS 18 1.5 SCAFFOLD PLANKS 19 1.6 ERECTION, ALTERATION AND DISMANTLING 1.7 SUPERVISION 19 19 1.8 CERTIFICATES OF COMPETENCY 19 1.9 DUTIES OF PRINCIPALS, CONTRACTORS, SCAFFOLDING ERECTORS AND USERS OF SCAFFOLDS 20 1.10 PROTECTION AND MAINTENANCE 22 1.11 ACCESS TO WORKING PLATFORMS 22 1.12 SCAFFOLDING NEAR ELECTRIC POWER LINES 23 1.13 SCAFFOLDING OVER VERANDAHS, GANTRIES OR ROOFS 24 1.14 LIFTING APPLIANCES MOUNTED ON SCAFFOLDING 24 17 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS 26 2.1 PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN 2.2 BASIS OF DESIGN 26 26 2.3 LOAD COMBINATIONS 26 2.4 DESIGN LOADS 27 2.5 SUPPORTING STRUCTURE 28 STANDING SCAFFOLDS 29 3.1 SCOPE 29 3.2 FOUNDATIONS 29 3.3 WORKING PLATFORMS 30 3.4 PLATFORM DECKING 31 3.5 GUARDRAILS AND MIDRAILS 32 3.7 SCREENS 33 3.6 TOEBOARDS 33 3.8 HEADROOM AND LIFTS 35 3.9 HEIGHT OF SCAFFOLDING 36 3.10 TIES 36 3.11 BRACING 37 TIMBER SCAFFOLDING 40 4.1 SCOPE 40 4.2 QUALITY OF TIMBER AND FITTINGS 4.3 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS 40 40 TUBE SCAFFOLDING IN STEEL OR ALUMINIUM 42 5.1 SCOPE 42 5.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 5.3 MATERIALS 42 43 5.4 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS FOR STANDING SCAFFOLDS 43 SCAFFOLDING WITH PROPRIETARY EQUIPMENT 46 6.1 SCOPE 46 6.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 46 6.3 FRAME SCAFFOLDING 47 6.4 UNIT-ASSEMBLED SCAFFOLDING 47 6.5 BRACKETS 47 FREE-STANDING SCAFFOLDS 50 7.1 FREE-STANDING SCAFFOLDS 7.2 MOBILE SCAFFOLDS 51 7.3 TRESTLES AND TRIPODS 53 50 SUSPENDED SCAFFOLDS 54 8.1 SCOPE 54 8.2 TYPES OF SUSPENDED SCAFFOLDS 8.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 54 8.4 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS 59 8.5 ENGINEER’S CERTIFICATE 60 54 SPECIAL SCAFFOLDS 61 I SCOPE 61 9.2 DESIGN AND SUPERVISION 61 9.3 NON-STANDARD STANDING SCAFFOLD 61 9.4 STANDING SCAFFOLDS WITH ATTACHMENTS 61 9.5 CANTILEVER SCAFFOLDS 62 9.6 HANGING SCAFFOLDS 62 APPENDIX A: SCAFFOLD REGISTER FOR ALL SCAFFOLDING FROM WHICH A PERSON COULD FALL M OR MORE 63 SCAFFOLD REGISTER 64 INSPECTION RECORD 64 APPENDIX B: SUSPENDED SCAFFOLD REGISTER AND NOTES ON SUSPENDED SCAFFOLDING 66 LIVE LOAD (I.E PERSONS, TOOLS, MATERIALS) COUNTERWEIGHTING OF OUTRIGGERS 67 67 COUNTERWEIGHT DETERMINED USING THE FORMULA 68 SUSPENDED SCAFFOLD REGISTER 68 APPENDIX C: WEIGHTS OF MATERIALS USED ON SCAFFOLDING 70 APPENDIX D: SCAFFOLDING MATERIALS TECHNICAL DATA 72 APPENDIX E: RIGGING FOR SCAFFOLDERS 74 GENERAL 74 SUSPENDED LOADS SCAFFOLD TUBE 74 75 CHECKLIST 77 APPENDIX F: PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR SCAFFOLD PLANKS 78 NOTICE OF ISSUE I have issued this Approved Code of Practice for the Safe Erection and Use of Scaffolding, being a statement of preferred work practices or arrangements for the purpose of ensuring the health and safety of persons to which this code applies and persons who may be affected by the activities covered by this code J M Chetwin Secretary of Labour September 1995 SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING FOREWORD I have approved this statement of preferred work practices, which is an Approved Code of Practice for the Safe Erection and Use of Scaffolding, under section 20 of the Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992 When a code is approved, a Court may have regard to it in relation to compliance with the relevant sections of the Health and Safety in Employment Act This means that if an employer in an industry or using a process to which an approved code applies can show compliance with that code in all matters it covers, a Court may consider this to be compliance with the provisions of the Act to which the code relates Hon Doug Kidd Minister of Labour September 1995 SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING PREFACE This revised publication on scaffolding includes changes in the legislation which took effect from April 1993 It is essential for everyone involved in the erection and use of scaffolding to be aware of these new provisions The book also sets out minimum standards for the erection, use and dismantling of scaffolds, and provides the basis of study material for persons wishing to obtain a certificate of competency as a scaffolder SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING A SUMMARY OF THE HEALTH AND SAFETY IN EMPLOYMENT ACT 1992 The principal object of the Health and Safety in Employment Act 1992 (HSE Act) is to prevent harm to employees at work To this, it imposes duties on employers, employees, principals and others, and promotes excellent health and safety management by employers It also provides for the making of regulations and codes of practice REGULATIONS Regulations are promulgated from time to time under the HSE Act Regulations may, among other things, impose duties on employers, employees, designers, manufacturers, and others relating to health and safety These regulations may apply with respect to places of work, plant, processes or substances and may deal with particular problems that have arisen APPROVED CODES OF PRACTICE “Approved Codes of Practice” are provided for in the HSE Act They are statements of preferred work practice or arrangements, and may include procedures which could be taken into account when deciding on the practicable steps to be taken Compliance with codes of practice is not mandatory However, they may be used as evidence of good practice in court EMPLOYERS’ DUTIES Employers have the most duties to ensure the health and safety of employees Employers have a general duty to take all practicable steps to ensure the safety of employees while at work In particular, they are required to take all practicable steps to: (a) Provide and maintain a safe working environment; (b) Provide and maintain facilities for the safety and health of employees at work; (c) Ensure that machinery and equipment is safe for employees; (d) Ensure that working arrangements are not hazardous to employees; and SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING (e) Provide procedures to deal with emergencies that may arise while employees are at work Taking “all practicable steps” means doing what is reasonably able to be done in the circumstances, taking into account: (a) The severity of any injury or harm to health that may occur; (b) The degree of risk or probability of that injury or harm occurring; (c) How much is known about the hazard and the ways of eliminating, reducing or controlling it; and (d) The availability, effectiveness and cost of the possible safeguards HAZARD MANAGEMENT Employers must identify and regularly review hazards in the place of work (existing, new and potential), to determine whether they are significant hazards and require further action If an accident or harm occurs that requires particulars to be recorded, employers are required to investigate it to determine if it was caused by or arose from a significant hazard “Significant hazard” means a hazard that is an actual or potential cause or source of: (a) Serious harm; or (b) Harm (being more than trivial) where the severity of effects on any person depend (entirely or among other things) on the extent or frequency of the person’s exposure to the hazard; or (c) Harm that does not usually occur, or usually is not easily detectable, until a significant time after exposure to the hazard Where the hazard is significant, the HSE Act sets out the steps employers must take: (a) Where practicable, the hazard must be eliminated (b) If elimination is not practicable, the hazard must be isolated (c) If it is impracticable to eliminate or isolate the hazard completely, then employers must minimise the likelihood that employees will be harmed by the hazard Where the hazard has not been eliminated or isolated, employers must, where appropriate: (a) Ensure that protective clothing and equipment is provided, accessible and used; (b) Monitor employees’ exposure to the hazard; (c) Seek the consent of employees to monitor their health; and (d) With informed consent, monitor employees’ health 10 SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING APPENDIX B: SUSPENDED SCAFFOLD REGISTER AND NOTES ON SUSPENDED SCAFFOLDING (1) A suspended scaffold register must be kept on site and be available for inspection, for all suspended scaffolding, boatswain’s chairs, swinging stages, etc (2) When complete, the suspended scaffold register should record: (a) Project name, address, or other clear identification; (b) The location of the scaffold with respect to site coordinates or the location at the building or structure, so that the scaffolding can be clearly located; (c) Miscellaneous details of the scaffold, (see sample suspended scaffold register); (d) A record of each inspection carried out (3) The inspections must be carried out at the following intervals: (a) Before the scaffold is first used; (b) On each day while the scaffold is in use; (c) After each structural alteration or change to the nature of the anchorage; (d) Monthly while the scaffold is set up but not in use; (e) After any storm or occurrence that could adversely affect the safety of the suspended scaffold (4) The inspection must be carried out by either: (a) A certificated scaffolder of the appropriate class (e.g suspended scaffold); or (b) A competent person such as a registered engineer (5) The entries of each inspection in the suspended scaffold register must be made and signed by the person who carried out the inspection 66 SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING LIVE LOAD (I.E PERSONS, TOOLS, MATERIALS) Unless designed by a competent person such as a registered engineer, the following limitations apply: (a) For a swinging stage raised by hand haulage on fibre ropes, the maximum live load is the difference between 360 kg and the dead weight of the stage including falls and blocks, with the maximum number of persons not exceeding three (b) For a swinging stage operated mechanically with two points of overhead suspension, the maximum live load is the difference between 560 kg and the dead weight of the stage including hoisting gear, with the maximum number of persons not exceeding three (c) For a boatswain’s chair, the maximum live load is 115 kg (d) For a suspended chair operated mechanically with single supports, the maximum live load is limited to 160 kg or a maximum of two persons (e) For multi-point suspended platforms, the maximum live load is limited to 240 kg or a maximum of three persons per section of platform between suspension points COUNTERWEIGHTING OF OUTRIGGERS Where an outrigger is stabilised by counterweights, the factor of safety against overturning must be at least To determine the counterweight required, the table below may be used; alternatively the counterweight may be calculated (see also 8.3.3) using the formula below (See figure 21.) Total length Counterweight Tail length Overhang Fulcrum point Total suspended load Fig 21 Counterweighting of outriggers SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING 67 Total Length (m) Overhang (mm) 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 1300 1400 1500 3.6 4.0 4.4 4.8 5.2 193 240 290 343 400 171 212 255 300 348 400 154 189 227 267 309 353 400 140 171 205 240 277 316 357 400 133 157 187 218 251 286 322 360 400 Counterweight required (kg) 5.6 6.0 144 171 200 230 261 293 327 363 400 133 158 185 212 240 269 300 332 365 400 COUNTERWEIGHT DETERMINED USING THE FORMULA (Note: for a uniform two-outrigger suspended scaffold, the suspended load on one outrigger is assumed to be half the dead load plus the full live load.) The righting moment is the tail length times the counterweight The overturning moment is the overhang times the suspended load At equilibrium, the righting moment equals the overturning moment For safety the overturning moment is multiplied by the safety factor, increasing the required counterweight Counterweight = overhang (in m) times the suspended load times three tail length (in m) e.g if the suspended load is 360kg, the overhang is 1.2m and the tail length is 4.1m, then the counterweight required is: 1.2m x 360 kg x counterweight l m = 316kg SUSPENDED SCAFFOLD REGISTER The following information should be provided in the register (see example over page): Main contractor or client (address, contact name): Location (specify building grids etc): Reason for scaffold (i.e erect cladding, erect rainwater disposal system, etc): Scaffold subcontractor (name address, contact name, phone number): Subcontractors who are to use the scaffold (e.g plumber, wall cladder, painter): Live load and/or number of persons: Limitations (if any): Other comments: 68 SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING SAMPLE SUSPENDED SCAFFOLD REGISTER Main Contractor: Contact: Reason for Scaffold: Scaffold Erector: Phone: Subcontractors to use Scaffold: Live Load: Overhang Length: Counterweight: Limitations: Total Length: Comments: INSPECTION RECORD Date: Name of Inspector: Signature: Comments: SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING 69 APPENDIX C: WEIGHTS OF MATERIALS USED ON SCAFFOLDING (AS PLACED ON WORKING PLATFORMS — GUIDE ONLY) Asbestos cement, corrugated super six 13.5 kg/m2 Asbestos cement, plain sheets 4.5 mm 8.0 kg/m2 6.0 mm 10.5 kg/m2 9.0 mm 16.0 kg/m2 Bricks dry (225 x 108 x 73 mm) 3.0 kg per brick Bricks wet 3.5 kg per brick Cement (at 25 bags to the tonne) 40.0 kg per bag Cement Bulk 1500.0 kg/m3 Concrete blocks 400 x 200 x 200 mm hollow 19 kg per block approx 400 x 200 x 150 mm hollow 16 kg per block approx 400 x 200 x 100 mm hollow 13 kg per block approx 400 x 200 x 100 mm solid 16 kg per block approx Concrete ready mixed — wet 2550 kg/m3 Concrete in wheelbarrow (approx 0.05 m3 136 kg Total load of man and wheelbarrow 220 kg Corrugated galv iron 24 gauge 4.5 kg per m2 26 gauge kg per m2 Ropes 70 Fibre 18 mm diam dry 25 kg per 100 m Fibre 18 mm diam wet 30 kg per 100 m Wire mm diam 26 kg per 100 m Wire mm diam 31 kg per 100 m Wire 13 mm diam 64 kg per 100 m Wire 16 mm diam 96 kg per 100 m Wire 19 mm diam 135 kg per 100 m Wire 23 mm diam 185 kg per 100 m SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING Sand dry 1680 kg per m3 Sand wet 1920 kg per m3 Scaffold planks (timber) 250 mm x 50 mm x 2.7 m (aver.) 19 kg Steel Rods 6.5 mm diam 25 kg per 100 m 10 mm diam 67 kg per 100 m 12 mm diam 100 kg per 100 m 16 mm diam 165 kg per 100 m 20 mm diam 250 kg per 100 m 25 mm diam 416 kg per 100 m Tube Steel (48.3 m) and fittings Tube 48.3 mm x mm x m length 27.0 kg Tube 48.3 mm x 4.5 mm x m length 28.5 kg Fittings range kg to kg (average) 1.5 kg 100 m tube + 20 fittings ) approx total weight) 495.0 kg Tube Aluminium (48.3 mm) and fittings Tube 48.3 mm x 4.5 mm x m length 10.0 kg Fittings kg to kg each (average) 1.5 kg 100 m tube + 20 fittings (approx total weight) 195.0 kg Tube Frame steel braced portal 22-32 kg Timber Pinus, firs, and light timber per m3 Rimu, and medium weight per m Heavy timber per m 400 to 480 kg 480 to 640 kg 640 to 800 kg Water per litre 1.0 kg Worker (average) 80.0 kg SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING 71 APPENDIX D: SCAFFOLDING MATERIALS TECHNICAL DATA Table D1: Dimensions and Properties of Scaffold Tubes Dimension and properties Steel tubes to BS 1139 or AS 1576.3 Galvanised steel tube to BS 6323 Aluminium tubes to BS 1139 or AS 1576.3 Outside diameter (mm) 48.3 (+ 0.5 tolerance) 48.3 (+ 0.5 tolerance) 48.3 (+ 0.5 tolerance) (a) seamless 4.0 (+ 0.5 tolerance 3.2 (+ 0.48 tolerance) 4.47 (+ 0.56 tolerance) (b) welded 4.0 (+ 0.8; - 0.4 tolerance) 3.2 (+ 0.32 tolerance) Mass per linear metre 4.37 kg/m 3.56 kg/m 1.67 kg/m Minimum tensile strength 340 MPa 360 MPa 295 MPa Yield strength 210 MPa 215 MPa 255 MPa Radius of gyration 15.7 mm 16.0 mm 15.6 mm 2 453 mm 615 mm2 Thickness (mm) Cross-sectional area 557 mm Moment of inertia 138,000 mm4 116,000 mm 149,000 mm4 Elastic modulus 5700 mm3 4800 mm3 6180 mm3 Table D2: Safe Working Loads for Couplers and Fittings to BS 1139 or AS 1576.2 72 Description of coupler and fitting Type of loading Safe working load Right-angle couplers Slip along tube 6.25 kN (640 kg) Swivel couplers Slip along tube 6.25 kN (640 kg) Joint pins (expanding spigot couplers) Shear strength 21 kN (2140 kg) Sleeve couplers Tension 3.1 kN (315 kg) Adjustable base plate Axial 30 kN (3058 kg) SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING Table D3: Safe Working Loads for Ties and Galvanised Wires Description Safe working load Tie — double 3.15 mm 'black' wire, twisted 1.57 kN (160 kg) Galvanised wire — for fixing gin wheel, block, guy, or light loads; using not less than two round turns on 48.3 mm tube or timber: (a) gauge wire — round turns 1.57 kN (160 kg) (b) gauge wire — round turns 2.45 kN (250 kg) (c) gauge wire — or more turns 2.94 kN (300 kg) (d) 10 gauge wire — round turns 1.18 kN (120 kg) (e) 10 gauge wire — round turns 1.57 kN (160 kg) (f) 10 Gauge wire — or more turns 1.96 kN (200 kg) Note: The above strength values are a guide for good-quality materials under average conditions of use on construction work Where special materials of known quality and of established strength are used, the safe working loads may be varied in accordance with accepted engineering practice SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING 73 APPENDIX E: RIGGING FOR SCAFFOLDERS GENERAL Scaffolders need to know how to tie knots that may be used to erect, alter or dismantle scaffolds and the rigging of crane-lifted loads of scaffolding This appendix is limited to rigging for scaffolders SUSPENDED LOADS Hooks that anchor ropes or pulleys on suspended scaffolds must be moused to prevent accidental unhooking Shackles used in scaffolding shall have their SWL clearly marked and when in use the pin shall be securely screwed in and moused to the D Fig 23 D Ring When using a shackle to form a running noose always fit the back of the D to the standing or running part of the rope This practice ensures that the shackle pin is not either overtightened or unscrewed 74 SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING SCAFFOLD TUBE When using a fibre rope to lift or lower a scaffold tube always use a stopper or rolling hitch Because the hitch tightens as the weight is taken, always position it to one end, ensuring that the direction of pull is as shown in fig 23 Used for gripping a larger rope, etc Secure hauling rope with three or more turns as shown and then half hitch (or more) to secure free end Pull must be in direction shown Fig 23 Stopper or rolling hitch Fig 24 Rigging crane-lifted bundle of tubes SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING 75 When rigging crane-lifted bundles of tube, always use two adequate-strength similar choker-reeved slings Position the slings approximately one third in from each end and land the bundle on dunnage to prevent damage to the slings or tubes when they are withdrawn Always use SWL marked shackles, of adequate capacity, to form choker slings Note: The included angle between two slings affects the slings’ SWL To calculate the SWL of two slings rigged as shown in fig 24, multiply the SWL of one sling by 1.4 As an illustration, two slings each with an SWL of tonnes and reeved as shown could safely lift 2.8 tonnes (2 x 1.4 = 2.8) ROPE JOINS OR EYES Where wire rope grips have been fitted by a qualified person, such as a crane maintenance fitter rigger, they may be used for lifting If fitted by others, it should not be used for lifting purposes Wire rope grips must be correctly applied in order that the stresses within the terminal are evenly distributed Always fit the grips the same way round, with the bridge on the loaded or long part of the rope and the U-bolt on the short part On any wire rope a minimum of three grips must be used and spaced at a distance, centre to centre of grips, of six rope diameters (see fig 25) The numbers of wire rope grips required are: (a) Up to and including 19 mm (3/4 in.) rope: grips (b) Over 19 mm and up to and including 32 mm (11/4 in.) rope: grips (c) Over 32 mm and up to and including 38 mm (l/2 in.) rope: grips (d) Over 38 mm and up to and including 44 mm (13/4 in.) rope: grips (e) Over 44 mm and up to and including 56 mm (21/4 in.) rope: grips When joining fibre ropes, always use a double sheet bend or a carrick bend knot Never use a reef knot to join ropes Right 6d 6d Wrong Fig 25 Joining wire ropes 76 SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING CHECKLIST The following represents some of the items used in rigging that should be regularly checked for safety: (a) Fibre rope: Cuts, flaking, decay or contamination by injurious substances (b) Wire rope (including slings): Broken strands (not more than broken strands in any 10 diameter length), worn strands, corrosion, sharp bends or overstressing (c) Fittings: (i) Shackles: Bent, worn, cracked, SWL not shown (ii) Rope grips: Correct size, nuts tight, worn or bent (iii) Rope splices: Mechanical splice (Talurit) — SWL shown, worn or deformed, manual splice — spragged ends, tucks unlaying or not locked SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING 77 APPENDIX F: PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS FOR SCAFFOLD PLANKS The following is a reprint of NZS 3620: 1985 Specification for scaffold planks 101 SCOPE 101.1 This Standard specifies the minimum requirements for scaffold plans 101.2 This Standard does not preclude the use of materials other than those in Parts to 5, provided that it can be established that they meet these requirements and comply with relevant NZ Standards or equivalent I01.3 Planks that comply in all respects with a means of compliance set out in Parts to shall be deemed to satisfy the requirements of this Standard 102 INTERPRETATION In this Standard the word “shall” indicates a requirement that is to be adopted in order to comply with the Standard; the word “should” indicates a recommended practice 103 DEFINITION For the purpose of this Standard the following definition shall apply: Scaffold plank: A plank that is intended to provide part of the support surface of any structure, framework or suspended scaffold of a temporary nature that is used to support workmen and materials 104 DIMENSIONS l04.l The minimum width of scaffold planks shall be 225 mm Note: For timber scaffold planks, the moisture content appropriate to the minimum width dimension shall be 16 + 2% 78 SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING 105 IN-SERVICE STRENGTH REQUIREMENTS A scaffold plank shall be capable of sustaining a total working load of 1.60 kN applied to the full-width of the plank as two equal loads 300 mm on either side of the centre of the span when it is simply supported at 2.4 m centres 106 QUALITY CONTROL Planks shall be subjected to quality control inspection and testing procedures at the time of manufacture or selection, as set out in the appropriate sections of Parts to 5, Means of Compliance 107 BRANDING 107.1 Planks shall be permanently branded on an edge, the brand reading NZS 3620 107.2 Marking for ownership is permitted providing it does not detract from safety when the plank is in use 107.3 Planks manufactured under the Standard Certification Mark Scheme shall be branded on an edge with the manufacturer’s licence number Note: The Standard Certification Mark Scheme As this Standard covers product safety, manufacturers are advised to apply for a licence to use the Standard Certification Mark Shown here is the Certification Mark of the Standards Association of New Zealand This Mark may be used only by those manufacturers licensed by the Standards Association and must be accompanied by the number of the relevant New Zealand Standard and the number of the authorising licence The presence of this Mark on or in relation to a product is an assurance that the goods are manufactured under a system of supervision, control, and testing, (including periodical inspection of the manufacturer’s works by SANZ) designed to ensure compliance with the Standard NZS 3620 Licence No For further particulars apply to the Director, Standards New Zealand, Private Bag, Wellington SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING 79 108 MATERIALS 108.1 Timber planks 108.1.1 The species, grade, size and finish, preservative treatment, moisture content, methods of manufacture, and other relevant characteristics of timber shall be suitable for their end use 108.1.2 Both faces of a timber scaffold plank shall be sawn finished or roughened to a similar finish 108.2 Other materials 108.2.1 Planks shall have non-skid working surfaces to ensure safe working conditions 108.2.2 Methods of manufacture, size, finish, resistance to corrosion and other relevant characteristics shall be suitable for their end use 109 MEANS OF COMPLIANCE 109.1 80 For the purposes of this Standard, Parts to provide a means of compliance with Part for scaffold planks made of solid and glue-laminated timber, steel, and aluminium SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING ... THE DEVELOPMENT OF HEALTH AND SAFETY PROCEDURES Employers need to ensure that all employees have the opportunity to be fully involved in the development of procedures for the purpose of identifying... in the HSE Act They are statements of preferred work practice or arrangements, and may include procedures which could be taken into account when deciding on the practicable steps to be taken... arrangements are not hazardous to employees; and SAFE ERECTION AND USE OF SCAFFOLDING (e) Provide procedures to deal with emergencies that may arise while employees are at work Taking “all practicable