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- Therefore thường đặt sau dấu chấm, dấu hai chấm, dấu chấm phẩy, phía sau có dấu phẩy (hoặc không có cũng không sai nhưng thường thì có)2. - So thường đặt sau dấu phẩy.[r]
(1)SO-THEREFORE-BUT-HOWEVER 1 So and Therefore:
So and therefore (vì thế, cho nên) cho biết điều nói đến kết hợp logic nhắc đến trước
Ex: It began to rain, so I opened my umbrella
Ann didn’t study well Therefore, she failed the test
Notes:
- Therefore thường đặt sau dấu chấm, dấu hai chấm, dấu chấm phẩy, phía sau có dấu phẩy (hoặc khơng có khơng sai thường có)
- So thường đặt sau dấu phẩy
2 But and However:
But and however (nhưng, nhiên) diễn đạt điều thứ trái ngược điều thứ Ex: They were late, but they didn’t hurry
They were late However, they didn’t hurry
Notes
- However thường đặt sau dấu chấm, dấu chấm phẩy - But thuờng đặt sau dấu phẩy
EXERCISE
Fill in each blank with “but, so, however, or therefore” where appropriate:
1 Lan studied very hard, she passed the exam very easily It was midnight, the restaurant was still open
3 He told me not to it; , I did it
4 It started to rain hard , we decided to stay at home to watch TV The bus fare is expensive; , I prefer to walk
6 I would rather travel by train, the bus leaves earlier The sun was warm, a cool breeze blew in from the sea I have read this book before; , I don’t remember the plot
9 My teeth were hurting, I made an appointment to go the dentist
10 I wanted to go to the rock concert, all the tickets were already sold out 11 I wanted to eat sushi for dinner, I went to a Japanese restaurant
12 The food prices rise too much; , people’s life become difficult 13 The test was very difficult; , all students were able to finish it 14 Tom has a bike, he always walks to school
15.I am afraid that the company is in deep trouble , we are going to make some people redundant
16 He was tired, he continued to work
17 We didn’t hear anything from him, we began to feel worried
18 She thought the figures were correct , she has now discovered some errors 19 This is the shortest way to the city center; , it is not the only way
20 The boy was able to learn English, he is very lazy
21 He didn’t attend the lesson, he could not his homework 22 It was midnight, they closed the restaurant and went home
(2)25 Ann didn’t study well she failed her test 26 It was cold, I still went swimming
27 She was feeling bad; , she went to school and tried to learn 28 Bod ate a large dinner, _ he is still hungry
29 I had a lot of exercise to do, I couldn’t go to the movie with you
30 My brother wanted to buy a novel, he went to the bookstore after he finished his work
31 We looked everywhere; _, we couldn’t find the keys 32 The child was sleepy _, we went home early
33 The rice is 5000 dong per kilo; _, we bought 10 kilos 34 Hung studied very hard, _he still failed the exam 35 Jane has caught a cold, _ she needs to take a rest
……….
BECAUSE/ BECAUSE OF/ DESPITE/ IN SPITE OF / THOUGH/ ALTHOUGH/ EVEN THOUGH
I Complete the following sentences with because/ because/ although/ in spite of:
1 he worked hard, he didn’t receive any praise He ate the chocolate cake he is on diet
3 the high prices, my daughters insist on going to the movies every Saturday it was cold, I went out
5 John didn’t study hard, he succeeded We took many picture the cloudy sky
7 her poor memory, the old woman told interesting stories to the children She went home early she didn’t feel well
9 I couldn’t get to sleep the noise
10 The students arrived late the traffic jam 11 He went home early he was feeling sick
12 He went to work the next day he was still feeling not well 13 She only accepted the job the high salary
14 She accepted the job the slow salary
15 The old man managed to get to sleep there was a lot of noise 16 The old man couldn’t get to sleep the noise dark
17 His shirt is still dirty he has washed it three time
18 he’s got a Vietnamese name, he’s in fact a Cambodian 19 her injured feet, she managed to get home before 20 They lost the match they were a better team 21 We stayed late we were tired
22 They went swimming the coldness of the water 23 I enjoy the course the professor is a good teacher 24 my warning, they went ahead with their plan 25 We all felt tired the hot weather
26 They managed to work together their differences of opinion 27 she lost her way twice, she arrived safely
(3)29 Kitty wanted to report on the war the danger 30 the café was crowded, we found a table 31 My sister got the job she didn’t expect to 32 I told absolute truth, noone would believe me 33 Mr Quang felt very tired a sleepiness night 34 his hard work, he didn’t get a promotion 35 She couldn’t come to class her illness
36 She couldn’t get a better job she had a poor education 37 Mathew doesn’t know any French it is one of his subject 38 the story was silly, I enjoyed the film
39 They are happy they have little money 40 I had to postpone the trip the heavy rain
II Choose the best option (A, B, C, D) to complete the following sentences:
1 he had enough money, he refused to buy a new car
A In spite B In spite of C Despite D Although , he walked to the station
A Despite being tired B Although to be tired C In spite being tired D Despite tired
3 She left him she still loved him
A because B although C in spite of D despite her lack of hard work, she was promoted
A Because B Although C In spite of D Despite of they are twin brothers, they not look like
A Although B Because of C Because D In spite of Julie failed the exam of working very hard
A despite B in spite C because D though She walked home by herself she knew that it was dangerous A because of B though C because D which they are brothers, they not look like
A Although B Because C Despite D In spite of She left him she still loved him
A because of B although C in spite of D despite 10 He refused to give up work, he’s won a million pounds
A despite B because of C although D in spite of
11 having the best qualifications among all the applicants, Justin was not offered the job
A Although B While C In spite of D Despite of 12 Bruce was not praised he was a hard worker
A despite B in spite of C although D no matter how 13 , he has continued to work on his thesis
A Although all these problems B Even though there are problems C Despite of all these problems D In spite of there are problems
(4)A In spite B In spite of C although D Despite 15 I could not eat I was very hungry
A even though B in spite C despite D despite of 16 In spite , the baseball game was not cancelled
A the rain B of the rain C it was raining D there was a rain 17 The children slept well despite
A it was noise B the noise C of the noise D noisy 18 Our new neighbors are quite nice they are sometimes talkative A despite B in spite of C though D as though 19 of the difficulty, they managed to climb to the top of the mountain A In spite B Despite C But D Although 20 , he could not finish the job
A As hard as he work B Despite he worked hard C Though he worked hard D Although hard work 21 He went to work his headache
A despite B although C because D because of 22 Though , they are good friends
A their sometimes quarrel B to have a quarrel sometimes C they sometimes have a quarrel D of having a quarrel sometimes 23 Despite , we arrived on time
A the traffic B of the traffic
C there was heavy traffic D of there was heavy traffic 24 it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat
A If B Since C Although D Because 25 We understood him he spoke very fast
A because of B though C in spite of D despite 26 _ all my warnings, he tried to fix the computer himself
A Because B Because of C Although D In spite of 27 Hans finished school his leg injury
A because of B despite C though D because 28 I try to my homework the noise
A because of B although C despite of D in spite of 29 it rained heavily, we enjoyed our holiday
A Because of B Because C Despite D Though 30 having little money, they are happy
A Despite B Because of C Although D Because 31 she was not well, she still went to work
A Because B Because of C Although D In spite of 32 We are going to have a picnic the bad weather
A because B despite C although D because of 33 Although the sun was shining,
A it wasn’t very hot B it was very hot C yet it was very hot D but it was very hot 34 his poor health, Mr Brown still works hard to support his family
(5)35 I gave up the job the attractive salary
A because B because of C although D despite 36 my father is old, he still goes jogging