COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES

TRANSITIVE AND INTRANSITIVE VERBS TRANSITIVE VERBS (Ngoại động từ): diễn tả hành động trực tiếp lên người vật đó, theo sau danh từ tân ngữ trực tiếp Eg: Let’s invite Sally You surprised me Có thể đổi qua thể bị động INTRANSITIVE VERBS (Nội động từ): diễn tả hành động dừng lại người nói người thực hành động đó, khơng cần tân ngữ trực tiếp Eg: Sit down The children are playing Không thể đổi qua thể bị động Nhiều động từ vừa ngoại động từ vừa nội động từ Eg: He ran as fast as he could He has no idea how to run a business Flowers grow in the garden They grow flowers in the garden COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES Tính từ ngắn – Tính từ dài a Tính từ ngắn - Có âm tiết: loud – louder – loudest ; short – shorter – shortest - Có âm tiết kết thúc bằng: -y, -ow, -et, -er, -le happy – happier – happiest ; narrow – narrower – narrowest ; quiet – quieter – quietest ; clever – cleverer – cleverest ; simple – simpler – simplest b Tính từ dài - Có âm tiết kết thúc –ed: bored – more bored – the most bored - Có âm tiết, không kết thúc -y, -ow, -et, -er, -le useful – more useful – the most useful - Có âm tiết trở lên: expensive – more expensive – the most expensive c Có số tính từ vừa tính từ ngắn vừa tính từ dài: free, keen, safe, sure, true, wise, clever, common, gentle Comparatives S + V + COMPARATIVE ADJ/ADV + THAN + PRONOUN / S + V / NOUN Eg: She is more clever / cleverer than him Tom did the exam better than I did Her house is more beautiful than mine / my house * Có thể sử dụng even, much, (by) far, a lot, ( ) times để làm tăng mức độ so sánh Eg: He is even better than his brother This book is much more expensive This river is three times longer than that river * Dùng từ a bit, a little, slightly để giảm mức độ so sánh Eg: He studies a bit harder than me This hotel is slightly cheaper than that one  Comparison of noun • There are more / fewer boys than girls in my class • We drank more / less coffee than he did Superlatives S + V + SUPERLATIVE (+ N) Eg: This film is the longest of the three John is the most outgoing person in class This is the commonest / the most common mistake Irregular Good Bad Much / many Little Far Old better worse more less farther / further older / elder the best the worst the most the least the farthest / the furthest the oldest / the eldest Positive comparison S + V + AS + ADJ/ADV + AS + NOUN / PRONOUN / S + V S + V + NOT + AS/SO + ADJ/ADV + AS + NOUN / PRONOUN / S + V Eg: John said that no other car could go as fast as his car Ann cannot cook as/so well as her sister does *Có thể dùng twice / half Eg: Your room is twice as large as mine He works half as hard as he used to  The same as Eg: Tom’s salary is as much as mine Tom’s salary is the same as mine  Tom gets the same salary as me Double comparison S + V + COMPARATIVE AND COMPARATIVE Eg: Their business is getting better and better It rained more and more heavily as the game was going on There are fewer and fewer people coming to this vacation spot THE COMPARATIVE + S + V, THE COMPARATIVE + S + V Eg: The earlier she leaves, the sooner she will arrive The more you study, the more knowledge you gain The more dangerous it is, the more I like it be more of something than something: to be one thing rather than another • It was more of a holiday than a training exercise more/less/much of a something : used for describing the importance of a quality that something has • It was really more of a comment than a question • Jet travel has made moving from place to place less of an ordeal • Getting tickets for Tuesday shouldn’t be much of a problem ORDER OF ADJECTIVES ... comparison S + V + COMPARATIVE AND COMPARATIVE Eg: Their business is getting better and better It rained more and more heavily as the game was going on There are fewer and fewer people coming to... • There are more / fewer boys than girls in my class • We drank more / less coffee than he did Superlatives S + V + SUPERLATIVE (+ N) Eg: This film is the longest of the three John is the most