Business vocabulary in use intermediate bill mascull

Contents |NTRODUC-HON JOBS, PEOPLE AND ORGANIZATIONS Work and jobs A What you do? B Word combinations with ‘work’ C Types of job and types of work Ways of working A Old and new ways B Nice work if you can get it C Nature of work Recruitment and selection A Recruitment B Applying for a job C Selection procedures ll Skills and qualifications A Education and training B Skilled and unskilled C The right person Pay and benefits A Wages, salary and benefits B Compensation C Compensation People and workplaces A B C D Employees and management Management and administration Labour Personnel and human resources The career ladder A B C D A job for life G Problems at work A Health and safety B Bullying and harassment C Discrimination B Managers, executives and directors A Managers and executives: UK B Managers and executives: US w Businesspeople and business leaders A Businesspeople and entrepreneurs B Leaders and leadership C Magnates, moguls and tycoons m Organizations A B C D Business and businesses Commerce Enterprise Word combinations with ‘enterprise’ m Organizations A Self-employed people and partnerships B Limited liability C Mutuals D Non-profit organizations PRODUCTION Manufacturing and services A Industry B Manufacturing and services C Countries and their industries The development process A Market research B Development and launch A job for now In-house staff or freelancers? Losing your job Business Vocabulary in Use @ Innovation and invention 38 Q Products and brands A Innovation and invention A Word combinations with ‘product’ B Research and technology B Goods C Brands and branding C Patents and intellectual property m Making things Price 40 A Pricing A Products B Mass production B Word combinations with ‘price’ C Capacity and output C Upmarket and downmarket D Mass markets and niches Materials and suppliers 42 m Place A Inputs A Distribution: wholesalers, retailers B Suppliers and outsourcing C Just-in-time m Business philosophies and customers 44 A Total quality management B Continuous improvement B Shops C Direct marketing E Promotion A Advertising C Benchmarking B The sales force D Business process re-engineering C Promotional activities MARKETING m Buyers, sellers and the market @ The Internet and e—commerce 46 A Customers and clients A The Internet B Clicks-and-mortar C B2B, BZC and BZG B Buyers and sellers C The market MONEY D Word combinations with ‘market’ w Markets and competitors A B C D A Companies and markets B More word combinations with ‘market’ C Competitors and competition m Marketing and market orientation A Marketing B The four Ps C Market orientation Sales and costs 48 50 Sales Sales Costs Margins and mark-ups Q3 Profitability and unprofitability A Profitable and unprofitable products B Budgets and expenditure C Economies of scale and the learning curve Business Vocabulary in Use Financial centres Q Getting paid A Shipping and billing B Trade credit C Accounts 80 A Financial centres B Stock markets C Other financial markets D Derivatives Assets, liabilities and the balance sheet A B C D Assets Depreciation Liabilities Balance sheet Trading A Market indexes B Market activity: good times C and bad times Indicators The bottom line A Accounts B Results 82 A B C D 84 Finance and economics Inflation and unemployment Trade Growth and GDP Share capital and debt A Capital B Share capital C Loan capital D Security E Leverage Success and failure A B C D Cash mountains and surpluses Debt and debt problems Turnarounds and bailouts Bankruptcy Indicators A B C D 86 Going up Going down Peaks and troughs Boom and bust DOING THE RIGHT THING m Wrongdoing and corruption 88 A Wrongdoing B Bribery and corruption Mergers, takeovers and sell-offs A Stakes and joint ventures B Mergers and takeovers C Conglomerates FINANCE AND THE ECONOMY Personal finance A Traditional banking B New ways of banking C Personal investing C Fraud and embezzlement E] Ethics 90 A Code of ethics B Ethical standards C Ethical investment PERSONAL SKILLS Time and time management 92 A Timeframes and schedules B Projects and project management C Time tips Business Vocabulary in Use Stress and stress management @ Telephoning 3: messages 94 A When work is stimulating B When stimulation turns to stress C Downshifting Leadership and management styles 96 A B C D 108 Asking to speak to someone Giving and taking messages Spelling names Taking messages: checking information Telephoning 4: arrangements 110 A Making arrangements B Closing the conversation C Changing arrangements A Leadership B Modern management styles C Empowerment Faxes CULTURE 112 A Sending faxes Business across cultures 98 C Receiving faxes A Cultures and culture B Distance and familiarity m Business across cultures B Fax layout Emails 100 A Names B Business cards 114 A Email B Email expressions C Email abbreviations C Dress Business across cultures 102 Meetings 1: types of meeting A Entertainment and hospitality B Time C Cross—cultural communication 104 C Numbers D Doing things over the phone A Phoning scenario B Asking to speak to someone C Voicemail Business Vocabulary in Use Meetings 2: the role of the chairperson 118 A Before the meeting B During the meeting C Follow-up A Telephones and beyond B Phone, call and ring Telephoning 2: getting through 116 A Word combinations with ‘meeting’ B Types of meeting C How was the meeting? TELEPHONE, FAX AND EMAIL w Telephoning 1: phones and numbers BUSINESS SKILLS Meetings 3: points of view 106 A Opening the meeting B Inviting people to speak C Making your point 120 Meetings 4: agreement and disagreement 122 A Discussion without argument? B Agreeing C Disagreeing w Negotiations 3: furthering negotiations 136 A Win—win B Probing C Proposal and counter-proposal D Trade-offs Meetings 5: discussion techniques 124 B Confrontational negotiating tactics C Dealing with problems @ Negotiations 5: reaching agreement Presentations 1: preparation and introduction 126 A Types of presentation B Dos and don’ts: preparation C Key phrases: introduction A B C D 138 A Confrontation A Hedging B Checking understanding, interrupting, referring back C Agreement, consensus or compromise? D Concluding Presentations 2: main part Negotiations 4; difficulties 128 140 A Deadlock and mediators B Agreements and contracts C Checking the deal Answer key Index 142 160 Dos and don’ts: timing Dos and don’ts: voice Rapport with the audience Key phrases: main part Presentations 3: closing and questions 130 A Dos and don’ts: body language B Visual aids C Key phrases: closing and dealing with questions Negotiations 1: situations and negotiators 132 A Types of negotiation B Word combinations with ‘negotiations’ C Bargaining Negotiations 2: preparing 134 A Preparing to negotiate B Negotiating scenario C Negotiating styles Business Vocabulary in Use ... and the learning curve Business Vocabulary in Use Financial centres Q Getting paid A Shipping and billing B Trade credit C Accounts 80 A Financial centres B Stock markets C Other financial markets... ‘meeting’ B Types of meeting C How was the meeting? TELEPHONE, FAX AND EMAIL w Telephoning 1: phones and numbers BUSINESS SKILLS Meetings 3: points of view 106 A Opening the meeting B Inviting... B C D 108 Asking to speak to someone Giving and taking messages Spelling names Taking messages: checking information Telephoning 4: arrangements 110 A Making arrangements B Closing the conversation