“Don’t forget to give the book back to Joe”her sister said to her(remind) 103.. “Let’s have a party this weekend” he said(suggest).[r]
(1)GERUNDS & INFINITIVES I. GERUND : ( danh động từ ) ( V + ING )
1 Subject of a sentence (làm chủ ngữ câu) Ex: Reading the story of Kieu is interesting
2 Complement of To Be after Subject of Thing + To Be (làm bổ ngữ đọng từ to be sau chủ ngữ vật) Ex : My hobby is fishing
3 After Prepositions (sau giíi tõ)
Ex : She is interested in learning English After some verbs : Verbs + Gerund
Admit (thừa nhận, coõng nhận), avoid ( traựnh, neự), appreciate (đánh giá cao), defer / delay /postpone/ put off (trỡ hoaừn, đình lại), deny( choỏi), detest/ dislike( khoõng thớch,khoõng ửa), discuss (thảo luận), consider( xem xeựt, cửựu xeựt), enjoy (thửụỷng thửực, hửụỷng), escape (trốn thoát), finish (hoaứn taỏt, laứm xong), give up/ quit: tửứ boỷ, thoõi), imagine (tửụỷng tửụùng), keep( giửừ), not mind ( khõng phiền), miss (lỡ), practise ( thửùc haứnh), suggest( ủề nghũ), prevent (ngăn chặn/ cản), can’t help( khoõng theồ ngaờn caỷn), can’t stand (khoõng theồ chũu ủửùng ủửụùc), can't help (không thể ngăn cản )resit (thi lại), resist (kháng cự lại, chống lại), cease (ngừng, đừng) ….etc
I always avoid making noise in class. Have you finished writing the report ?
Anne practised playing the piano at an early age
I don’t mind doing a lot of homework. He can’t stand working ten hours a day. When did you give up smoking, Bill ? VERB+PREPOSITIONS + GERUND : Động từ theo sau giới từ thường dùng dạng Gerund
Approve of ( chấp thuận, tán đồng), argue about ( tranh cãi về…), complain about ( than phiền, phàn nàn về…), concentrate on ( tập trung vào…), depend on ( tùy thuộc vào…), decide on ( định về…), feel like ( cảm thấy thích, thiên về…), forget about ( quên về…) Look forward to ( trơng mong, ngóng…), insist on ( nài nỉ…), keep on ( tiếp tục…), object to ( phản đối về…), plan on ( dự tính về…), rely on ( tin vào, dựa vào…), succeed in ( thành công việc…), think about ( nghĩ về…), worry about ( lo nghĩ về…, lo lắng về…).
I’m interested in listening to music on the radio. He’s bored with staying at home day after day. Some people are afraid of driving in rush hours.
Many overweight people try to lose weight by going on a diet.
Don’t forget to turn off the gas before going out 6 ADJECTIVE + PREPOSITION + GERUND: Các tính từ kèm giới từ theo sau Gerund
Accustomed to ( quen với…), afraid of ( lo sợ, e sợ về…), ashamed of ( xấu hổ về…), capable of ( có khả năng, có thể… ) bored with ( chán với…), disappointed in / with ( thất vọng về…), fond of ( thích về…), hopeful of ( hy vọng về…), intent on ( đeo đuổi, chăm về…), interested in ( quan tâm về…), opposed to ( chống đối với…),proud of ( hãnh diện về…), responsible for ( có trách nhiệm về…), sorry about ( ân hận về…), successful in ( thành công trong…), surprised at ( ngạc nhiên về…), tired from ( mệt nhọc vì…), tired of ( chán với…), worried about ( lo lắng về….).used to ( quen với…).
Police soon get accustomed to arresting criminals. Are you capable of completing the work within an hour ? Eli Whitney is famous for inventing the cotton gin
The driver was intent on passing the other car. The treasurer is responsible for keeping the books
(2)It’s no good / use, there is no point, what’s the point of, what about , be worth, be busy, look forward to, be used to / be accustomed to / get used to, can’t help, can’t bear, can’t stand ……
It is no use saying that I am used to getting up early.
II. THE INFINITIVE ( TO + VERB )
1 Subject of the sentence ( Chủ từ câu ) Ex : To help her is my duty
2 Verbs + to - Infinitive
Agree ( ủoàng yự,nhaỏt trớ), afford, appear ( xuaỏt hieọn), arrange( saộp xeỏp,thu xeỏp), attempt( coỏ gaộng), ask ( ủoứi hoỷi,yẽu cầu), choose ( choùn, lửùa), decide ( quyeỏt ủũnh), demand ( leọnh), expect ( mong,troõng ngoựng), fail ( hoỷng,khoõng thaứnh cõng,(thi) rụựt), happen (xaỷy ra) , hope ( hy vóng), learn ( hay tin), manage ( xoay sụỷ, tửù lo ủửụùc), offer ( dãng ,taởng), plan ( keỏ hoách, dửù tớnh), pretend ( giaỷ vụứ), promise (hửựa heùn), refuse ( tửứ choỏi), seem ( coự veỷ nhử, dửụứng nhử), threaten ( ủe doùa), want, wish ( ao ửụực), would like ( muoỏn), intend (dự định), tend (có xu hớng), claim (tuyên bố, khẳng định), desire (mơ ớc, mong muốn), hope, hesitate (do dự, ngập ngừng) …etc I decide to study engineering at University
She’s expecting to get a reply from the company. Do you agree to join us for the holyday ?
Mary learned to swim when she was young
We can’t afford to build a new house. Bob refused to lend me his car.
You manage to get some tickets for the pop concert on Saturday
3 verbs + O + to - ×ninitive
want, ask, tell, request (yêu cầu), order (sai phái), beg (van xin), remind (nhắc nhở), invite (mời), advise (khuyên), warn (cảnh b¸o), promise (høa), encourage (khuyÕn khÝch)…
He tell s me to send this letter.
The teacher encouraged Lan to join English club. 4 be/ look/ seem/ feel +ADJECTIVE + TO infinitive:
Afraid ( sụù, e sụù ), ashamed ( xaỏu hoồ ), considerate ( teỏ nhũ ), disappointed ( thaỏt voùng ), eager ( haờm hụỷ), foolish ( ủiẽn rồ), fortunate ( may maộn, hẽn ), happy ( sung sửụựng ), lucky ( may maộn ), pleased ( haứi loứng), proud ( haừnh dieọn), qualified ( coự ủuỷ tử caựch ), ready ( saỹn saứng), sorry ( ãn haọn) surprised ( ngác nhiẽn), angry(giận dữ ), prepared (đợc chuẩn bị), glad (vui mừng), proud (tự hào)
I’m afraid to drive alone at night.
Were you disappointed not to win the race ? The actress seems eager to go on stage. The parents are proud to have a healthy child.
Citizens ought to feel lucky to be able to vote. He was not at all surprised to hear the news. I’m looking for someone qualified to type a thesis. The party is ready to serve.
I'm glad to see you again. 5 After the verb TO BE
Ex : We are to pass the next exam.
My purpose is to win the next English competition
6 After Noun ( Infinitive of Purpose ) : TO / IN ORDER TO / SO AS TO + V(bare infinitive ) Ex : There are lots of things to today.
Ex : He studies hard so as to pass the entrance examination.
III. BARE - INFINITIVE
1 After modal verbs: can, may, must, … EX: I must go home now.
(3)3 Make Let
EX: The clowns made them laugh a lot last night
IV. VERB FOLLOWED BY EITHER INFINITIVE OR GERUNDS
Without changing in meaning : Start ( bắt đầu, khởi động), begin ( bắt đầu), continue ( tiếp tục), intend ( tính, dự định), like, love, hate ( ghét), prefer (thích hơn, ưa hơn).
It began to rain when I went to school. When did you start learning English ? It began raining heavily
Does Pam continue writing to you ?
He intended making a film for children or
It began raining when I went to school When did you start to learn English ?
VERBS + GERUND or INFINITIVE ( Cho ý nghóa khác ):
Stop doing st dừng việc lại He stopped smoking three years ago ( He doesn’t smoke any more now.)
Stop to st dừng để làm He stopped to smoke a cigarette ( He stopped working in order to smoke ).
try doing st thư You should try taking these tablets, ( try = thử ) try to st cè g¾ng You should try to study harder ( try = cố gắng ) forget/ remember
doing st quên/nhớ làm (V xóy trước remember, forget, regret) I remember sending a postcard to my parents yesterday.
He remembers meeting you when he was in France ( He met you).
forget/remember
to st quên / nhớ làm gì( To-inf xy
sau remember, forget, regret) Don't forget to wash the dishes Remember to sent me a letter when you arrive in Ho Chi Minh city ( you will send.)
regret doing st tiếc làm She regretted not coming your birthday party So she felt bored regret to st lấy làm tiếc phải làm I regret to inform you that you've failed your exam need to st cần làm (nghĩa chủ động) You need to practise English every day.( = You have
to practise English every day). need doing st
=need to be done cần đợc làm (nghĩa bị động) Your shirt needs washing It smells ( = Your shirt needs to be washed ).
go on doing
= to continue doing st
tiếp tục làm việc The teacher introduced herself and went on to
explain the course. go on to do tiếp tục làm công việc
(việc khác) The teacher told everyone to be quiet, but they just
went on talking.
like doing së thÝch lâu dài I like fishing
like to do thớch nghĩ tốt, ý thÝch
nhÊt thêi I like to my job well
Notes:
would like + to- inf; feel like + V-ing (ước có ) = wish for ALLOW, PERMIT, ADVISE, RECOMMEND
Allow = permit V-ing +
Advise = recommend O + to-inf
I permit you to go out I permit going out
see smell, notice, observe, taste, feel, overhear, hear, watch + O + Verb: chøng kiÕn toµn bé sù viƯc
(4) see smell, notice, observe, taste, feel, overhear, hear, watch + O + Verb - ing: chøng kiÕn mét phần việc diễn
I saw someone get into Tom's house yesterday.
(5)Exercises on INFINITIVE AND GERUND
I Put the verbs in brackets into the correct form : GERUND or INFINITIVE ( In some sentences, both forms are correct )
1 I’m not in a hurry I don’t mind……….( wait ) for you My father gave up ……….( smoke ) three years ago
3 Would you mind ……… ( keep ) silent ? I’m trying ………( study ) I always try to avoid………( borrow ) money from my friends
5 The traffic was very heavy this morning, but I managed ……… ( get ) to school on time Could you please stop ……….( make ) so much noise ?
7 I’ve put off ………( write ) the letter so many times I really must it today Sarah gave up ………( try ) to find a job in this country and decided………( go ) abroad You can’t stop me ……… ( ) what I want
10 They don’t have much money They can’t afford………( go ) out very often 11 My mother can’t stand………( stay ) at home without doing anything
12 How long have you been able………(swim), John ? 13 You must promise……….( not / be ) late again
14 When I saw her in that funny hat, I couldn’t help………( laugh)
15 They refused……… ( lend ) him the money although he needed it badly 16 Please, don’t forget………( post ) the letter for me today ! It’s urgent 26.However, she did not plan………( be ) a secretary all her life
27.But she couldn’t imagine……… ( ) the same job for years and years
28.The only thing that prevented her from……….( study ) law was a lack of time and money 29.She often remembered ……… ( talk ) to her father before he became ill
30.You must remember ………( buy ) some sugar We haven’t got any now 31.Did you remember……… ( post ) the letter for me this morning ? 32.Don’t forget……… ( wake ) me up before six o’clock tomorrow
33 I am looking forward to ……… (see) you 34 He is tired of ……… ( walk ) to school 35 I arranged ……… (meet) them here 36 He urged us ……… (work) faster 37 I wish……… (see) the manager 38 It's no use ……… (wait)
39 He warned her……… (not touch) the wire
40 Don't forget……… (lock) the door before (go) to bed 41 My mother told me ……… (not speak) to anyone about it 42 He tried……… (explain) but she refused (listen)
43 At dinner she annoyed me by……… (smoke) between the courses
44 You are expected ……… (know) the safety regulations of the college
45.That was a very strange question……… (ask) 46.It was very kind of you ……… (show) the way
47.I overheard him ……… (say) that he didn’t want to learn Math
48.I don’t remember (tell) of the decision to change the company policy on vacations 49.Ms Drake expects (consult) about any revisions in her manuscript before it is printed 50.Tommy admitted (throw) the rock through the window
51.Most people enjoy (travel) to different parts of the world
(6)53.That was a very strange question (ask) 54.It was very kind of you (show) the way
55.The teacher let him (stay) at home to finish the assignment 56.It was quite a surprise (see) him again
57.I overheard him (say) that he didn’t want to learn Math 58.She stood there and watched him (drive) away 59.It was very difficult for her (drive) the motorbike 60.I could feel the robber (come) from the backdoor 61.It is easy (see) animals on the road in daylight
62.I asked him (explain) but he refused (say) any thing 63.It is pleasant (sit) by the fire at night
64.There was no way of (get) out of the building except by (climb) down a rope 65.It’s no good (write) to him; he never answers letters
66.Ask him (come) in Don’t keep him (stand) at the door
67.We watched the children (jump) from a window and (fall) into a blanket held by people below 68.It is very pleasant (wake) up and (hear) the rain (beat) on the windows 69.They denied……… the money ( steal )
70.I can’t afford………out tonight I haven’t got enough money ( go ) 71 Can you remind me……… some coffee when we go out ? ( buy ) 72.Please stop……….me questions! ( ask )
73 I refuse………any more questions ( answer )
74 One of the boys admitted………the window ( break )
75 The boy’s father promised………for the window to be repaired ( pay )
76 Ann was having dinner when the phone rang She didn’t answer the phone, she just carried on ……(eat) 77 “ How did the thief get into the house ? “ “ I forgot……… the window ( shut )
II Complete each sentence with one of these verbs:
Answer apply be listen make see try use wash work write 41 He tried to avoid ……… my question
42 Could you please stop……… so much noise ? 43 I enjoy………to music
44 I considered………for the job but in the end I decided against it 45 Have you finished………your hair yet ?
46 If you walk into the road without looking, you risk ……… knocked down 47 Jim is 65 but he isn’t going to retire yet He wants to carry on……… 48 I don’t mind you………the phone as long as you pay for all your calls 49 Hello ! Fancy……….you here ! What a surprise !
50 I’ve put off……… the letter so many times I really must it today 51 What a stupid thing to ! Can you imagine anybody……… so stupid ? 52 Sarah gave up………to find a job in this country and decided to go abroad III Rewrite the following sentences , using the given words in brackets
69 They arrived home late ( he saw )
=>………
70 She didn’t want to stay there fore the weekend ( They made her ) =>………
(7)=>……… 72 The boy ran away from the house ( She noticed ) =>……… 73 He said that he didn’t want to learn Math ( I overhear ) =>………
74 The policeman told the thief to empty his pockets ( The police made ) =>………
75 He left the house early this morning ‘;( I heard ) =>……… 76 He drove away ( She stood there and watched ) =>……… 77 The robber came from the back door ( I could feel ) =>………
78 May be the school will ask me to pay some extra money ( Do you think the school will make ) =>………
IV Build a complete sentence with the given words
79 I/look forward/receive/letter/ now.=>……… 80 we/not mind/wait/more minutes.=>……… 81 children/busy/collect/shells/beach.=>………
82 He/ask/us/help/him/do/thewashing up/yesterday =>……… 83 Her mother/force/her/marry/to that man.=>………
V Reported speech with infinitive and gerund 84. “shut the door ,Tom” she said (told)
85. “Don’t believe everything you hear” he said to me(advise) 86. “lend me your pen for a moment” I said to Mary(ask) 87. “would you like to have lunch with me on Sunday?”(invite) 88. “Will you help me ,please?”she said(ask)
89. “you had better apologize for being late”said my mother(advise) 90. “We will come back again”they said(promise)
91. “Keep quiet”the teacher said to us(told)
92. “You’d better not swim too far from the shore,”the lifeguard said to us(advise) 93. “could you close the window”John said to Peter(ask)
94. “you should join the football team ,Eric”said the teacher(encourage) 95. “I’ll give it to him tomorrow”John said(promise)
96. “I’d like Lan to become a doctor”my mum said (want)
(8)98. “you should go home and take a rest”the boss said(advise) 99. “you should not drink too much beer” his wife said (advise) 100. “Come and see me when you want” he said to us(invite) 101. “Please don’t smoke in my room” she said to them(ask)
102. “Don’t forget to give the book back to Joe”her sister said to her(remind) 103. “I’ll never it again”she said(promise)
104. “All right ,I ‘ll wait for you” his friend said(agree) 105. “Let’s have a party this weekend” he said(suggest)
106. “I am sorry,I didn’t phone you earlier”Mary said(apologize) 107. “It’s nice of you to help me,thankyou”Bob said(thank) 108. “I’m sorry,I’m late”Peter said(apologize)
109. “Yes ,ok I’ll lend you my car”Peter said to Ann(agree) 110. “I’ll finish the work early”said the students(promise)
111. “I won’t help you with your homework”Jane said to me(refuse) 112. “What about meeting on Sunday?”Mark said to Jane(suggest) 113. “Why don’t you help her” the teacher said to her student(suggest)
114. “I can’t go to your birthday party next Saturday evening,sorry John”said Mary(apologize) 115. “you should lose your weight”the doctor said to me(advise)
116. “You wear a suit when you come to my party”said Susan(insist)
117. The manager said to the worker “you have done excellent work this month”(congratulate) 118. “you told a lie ,Tom”she said(accuse)
119. “To tell the truth,I haven’t insured my car”she said(admit) VI Write the following sentences in Reported Speech. 120. “It was really kind of you to help me.” Mary said to you
Mary thanked me 121. “I’ll drive you to the airport.” John said to Linda
John insisted 122. “You have passed the final exams Congratulations!” Jim said to you
(9)123. “It was nice of you to invite me to the dinner Thank you”, Miss White said to Peter Miss White thanked
124. “Don’t play with the matches!” I said to Jack
I warned 125. “I’m sorry I didn’t phone you earlier”, Margaret said to you
Margaret apologized 126. “I have always wanted to be a pilot”, Paul said to you
Paul has always dreamed of 127. “You didn’t what I said”, the mother said to her son
The mother accused 128. “You had better go to the doctor”
He urged me 129. “You’ve got to lend me some money!”
He begged me 130. “Give me your homework.”
The teacher told us 131. “Please, don’t smoke in my car.”
He asked us 132. “I’ll buy you an ice-cream.”
My Dad promised 133. “Would you like to have a drink with me?"
He invited me 134. “You should give up smoking.”
The doctor advised me 135. “Don’t shoot.”
The General ordered us VII Choose the underlined part among A, B, C or D that needs correcting.
136. I couldn’t make my car to start this morning A B C D
137. I’m sure he is incapable of run a mile in four minutes A B C D
138. Good friendship should be based on mutual understand A B C D
139. I’m delighted hearing that you have made much progress in your study A B C D
140. There is a lot of work doing here A B C D
141. He was terribly excited to ask to play for Manchester A B C D
142. He could not decide whether to get a job or studying A B C D
143. I dislike being talk about everywhere A B C D
(10)145. We’re looking forward to see you again A B C D
146. I’d like buying some earrings like yours A B C D
147. She smelt something burning and saw smoke rise A B C D
148. I warned them not climb the mountain in such bad weather A B C D
149. They voluntarily spent their vacations to teach illiterate people to read & write A B C D
150. You can congratulate yourself about having done an excellent job A B C D
151. Peter apologized for break the vase A B C D
152. He insisted on seeing the manager tomorrow A B C D
VIII Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.
153. Some high school students take part in ……the handicapped A helping B to help C help D being help 154. The mission of this society is …………community education for street children
A to provide B provide C providing D provided 155. Shy people often find it to take part in group discussions
A difficult B difficulty C difficultly D be difficult
156. I am unable to the meeting on Monday evening, please apologise for my absence A to come B come C coming D to be come
157. it several times, he didn’t want to read it once again
A Reading B To read C To have read D Having read
158. that he was poor, I offered to pay his fare
A Knowing B Known C Knew D Having knew 159. photographs of the place, I had no desire to go there
A Seeing B Seen C Saw D Having seen 160. I hate a child
A see/ crying B see/ cry C seeing/ to cry D seeing/ cry 161. I notice the lorry down the hill
A to come B came C coming D having come 162. I observed a blue car very fast towards the motorway
A having driven B driven C driving D to drive 163. They left the restaurant, two hours over lunch
A spending B spent C after spend D having spent
164. The police accused him of fire to the building but he denied in the area on the night of the fire
A setting/ being B setting/ having been C set/ be D having set/ having been 165. Someone told us sit on the stairs
(11)166. “Don’t forget to ring me”
A I advised David to ring me B I reminded David to ring me
C I offered to be run D You promised to ring me
167. The doctor advised him and to take up some sport
A stop smoke B stop smoking
C to stop smoking D to stop to smoke
168. I have told him never to buy some potatoes on the way home A come B comes C came D to come
169. Professional people expect when it is necessary to cancel an appointment A you to call them B that you would call them
C you calling them D that you are calling them 170. The conductor asked in the bus
A them to please not to smoke B that they should not smoke C them not to smoke D them not to smoke
171. I’d rather at home
A to stay B staying C stayed D stay 172. They noticed him the agreement
A sign B to sign C signing D signed 173. Jack admitted the money
A steal B to steal C stealing D stolen 174. Don’t him to arrive early He’s always late
A think B judge C hope D expect
175. I wouldn’t of going to the party I hadn’t been invited to A dream B intend C depend D rely
176. The instructor warned the students sailing alone on the lake
A on B for C of D against
177. Her mother prevented her going out tonight A against B from C about D at 178. I apologized the book at home