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➣ Diễn đạt một hành động xen vào một hành động đang diễn ra trong quá khứ.. Ví dụ 1: When I was having breakfast, the phone suddenly rang![r]
(1)1 KHÁI NIỆM
Thì khứ đơn (Past simple) dùng để diễn tả hành động vật xảy khứ
Ví dụ:
We went shopping yesterday (Ngày hôm qua mua sắm) He didn’t come to school last week (Tuần trước cậu ta không đến trường.)
2 CÔNG THỨC
Thể Động từ “tobe” Động từ “thường”
Khẳng định
Công thức: S + was/ were + O
S = I/ He/ She/ It (số ít) + was S= We/ You/ They (số nhiều) + were
Ví dụ 1: My computer was broken yesterday (máy tính tơi bị hỏng hơm qua)
Ví dụ 2: They were in Paris on their summer holiday last year (Họ Paris vào kỳ nghỉ hè năm ngối.)
Cơng thức: S + V-ed/ V2(bất quy tắc) + O
Khi chia động từ có quy tắc q khứ, ta cần thêm hậu tố "-ed" vào cuối động từ
Có số động từ sử dụng q khứ khơng theo qui tắc thêm “-ed” Những động từ ta cần học thuộc
Ví dụ 1: She watched this film yesterday (Cơ xem phim hôm qua.)
Ví dụ 2: I went to sleep at 11p.m last night (Tôi ngủ 11 tối qua)
Phủ định
S + was/were not + Object/Adj Đối với câu phủ định ta cần thêm “not” vào sau động từ “to be” CHÚ Ý:
– was not = wasn’t – were not = weren’t
Ví dụ:
– She wasn’t very happy last night because of having lost money (Tối qua khơng vui tiền) -We weren’t at home yesterday (Hôm qua không nhà.)
S + did not + V (nguyên thể)
Trong khứ đơn câu phủ định ta mượn trợ động từ “did + not” (viết tắt “didn’t), động từ theo sau dạng nguyên thể.)
(2)Nghi vấn
Câu hỏi: Was/Were+ S + Object/Adj?
Trả lời: Yes, I/ he/ she/ it + was – No, I/ he/ she/ it + wasn’t Yes, we/ you/ they + were – No, we/ you/ they + weren’t Câu hỏi ta cần đảo động từ “to be” lên trước chủ ngữ
Ví dụ 1: Was she tired of hearing her customer’s complaint
yesterday? (Cơ có bị mệt nghe khách hàng phàn nàn ngày hơm qua khơng?)
Yes, she was./ No, she wasn’t (Có, có./ Khơng, khơng.) Ví dụ 2: Were they at work yesterday? (Hơm qua họ có làm việc không?)
Yes, they were./ No, they weren’t (Có, họ có./ Khơng, họ khơng.)
Câu hỏi: Did + S + V(nguyên thể)?
Trong khứ đơn với câu hỏi ta mượn trợ động từ “did” đảo lên trước chủ ngữ, động từ theo sau dạng nguyên thể
Ví dụ 1: Did you visit Ha Noi Museum with your class last weekend? (Bạn có thăm bảo tàng Hà Nội với lớp bạn cuối tuần trước hay không?) Yes, I did./ No, I didn’t (Có, có./ Khơng, khơng.)
Ví dụ 2: Did she miss the train yesterday? (Cô ta có lỡ chuyến tàu ngày hơm qua hay khơng?)
Yes, She did./ No, She didn’t (Có, cậu ta có./ Khơng, cậu ta khơng.)
3 CÁCH CHIA ĐỘNG TỪ Ở THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN
Ta thêm “-ed” vào sau động từ:
Thông thường ta thêm “ed” vào sau động từ: Ví dụ: Watch – watched / turn – turned/
want – wanted/ attach – attached/
Động từ tận “e” -> ta cần cộng thêm “d”:
(3) Động từ có MỘT âm tiết, tận MỘT phụ âm, trước phụ âm là MỘT nguyên âm -> ta nhân đôi phụ âm cuối thêm “-ed”.
Ví dụ: stop – stopped/ shop – shopped/ tap – tapped/
Ngoại lệ số từ không áp dụng quy tắc đó: commit – committed/ travel – travelled/ prefer – preferred
Động từ tận “y”:
- Nếu trước “y” MỘT nguyên âm (a,e,i,o,u) ta cộng thêm “ed” Ví dụ: play – played/ stay – stayed
- Nếu trước “y” phụ âm (còn lại ) ta đổi “y” thành “i + ed” Ví dụ: study – studied/ cry – cried
Cách phát âm "-ed":
Đọc /id/ tận động từ /t/, /d/
Đọc /t/ khi tận động từ /ch/, /s/, /x/, /sh/, /k/, /f/, /p/
Đọc /d/ tận động từ phụ âm nguyên âm lại
Một số động từ bất qui tắc khơng thêm “ed”.
Có số động từ sử dụng khứ không theo qui tắc thêm “ed”. Những động từ ta cần tự học thuộc khơng có qui tắc chuyển đổi nào Dưới số động từ bất quy tắc:
Động từ nguyên thể
Động từ khứ bất quy tắc
Nghĩa
go went
see saw thấy
smell smelt ngửi
drive drove lái
break broke vỡ
(4)speak spoke nói
read read đọc
hold held giữ
keep kept nắm, giữ
take took lấy
understand understood hiểu
know knew biết
write wrote viết
4 CÁCH SỬ DỤNG THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN
➣ Diễn đạt hành động xảy một, vài lần quá khứ
Ví dụ 1: He visited his parents last weekend (Anh đến thăm ba mẹ anh vào cuối tuần trước)
Ví dụ 2: She went home last Friday (Cô nhà vào thứ trước)
➣ Diễn đạt hành động xảy liên tiếp khứ
Ví dụ 1: She came home, switched on the computer and checked her e-mails. (Cơ nhà, bật máy tính kiểm tra email.)
Ví dụ 2: She turned on her computer, read the message on Facebook and answered it (Cơ mở máy tính, đọc tin nhắn facebook trả lời tin nhắn)
➣ Diễn đạt hành động xen vào hành động diễn trong quá khứ
Ví dụ 1: When I was having breakfast, the phone suddenly rang (Khi ăn sáng điện thoại reo lên)
Ví dụ 2: When I was cooking, my parents came (Khi nấu ăn, ba mẹ tôi đến)
5 DẤU HIỆU NHẬN BIẾT
(5) Trong câu có từ như: yesterday, ago, last (week, year, month), in the past, the day before, với khoảng thời gian qua ngày (today, this morning, this afternoon).
Ví dụ 1: Yesterday morning, Tom got up early; then he ate breakfast and went to school (Sáng hơm qua, Tom dậy trễ, sau cậu ăn sáng đến trường) Ví dụ 2: Tom lived in VietNam in 1992, now he lives in Paris (1992 Tom sống Việt Nam cậu sang Paris)
Ví dụ 3: The plane took off two hours ago (Máy bay cất cánh cách 2
giờ.)
BÀI TẬP THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN
Bài 1: Chọn đáp án đúng:
1 They the bus yesterday
A don’t catch B weren’t catch C didn’t catch
D not catch
2 My sister home late last night
A comes B come C came D was come
3 My father tired when I home
A was – got B is – get C was – getted D were
– got
4 What you two days ago?
A – B did – did C – did D did –
5 Where your family on the summer holiday last year?
A – go B does – go C did – go D did – went
KEY
1 C C A D C
Bài 2: Hoàn thành câu Đặt động từ vào dạng.
1.Yesterday, lt was warm, so I ……… off my coat (take) The film wasn't very good I ……… it much (enjoy)
(6)6 The window was open and a bird into the room (fly) The hotel wasn't very expensive lt much to stay there (cost) I was in a hurry, so I time to phone you (have)
9 lt was hard carrying the bags They very heavy (be)
key:
1 took didn't enjoy didn't disturb Left
5 didn't sleep
6 flew didn't cost didn't have Were
REVISION I.LANGUAGE FOCUS
1 Choose the word whose the underlined part is pronounced differently from the other's Circle A, B or C.
1 A this B though C health
2 A mother B cloth C within
3 A feather B theatre C earth
4 A weatherman B Thanksgiving C neither
5 A bathroom B cathedral C another
KEY:
1 C B A B C
2 Choose the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following sentences Circle A, B or C.
1 We play many games at the park yesterday A B C
2 Did you watched the show last night? A B C
3 Jack, not close the door! We keep it open for the cat A B C
KEY
1 A B A
3 Choose the best option to complete each sentence Circle A, B or C.
1 We need to fix the basketball _ before the match.
A court B ring C pool
(7)A rope B racket C basket
3 When you go swimming, you should wear _ to protect your eyes. A pedals B skis C goggles 4 I’m going for a bike _ after class.
A race B ride C drive
5 First thing in table tennis is you need to learn how to _ a ball.
A catch B serve C throw
KEY
1 A B C B B
4 Choose the word whose the underlined part is pronounced differently from the others’ Circle A, B or C.
1 A air B where C cheer
2 A nearly B yearly C early
3 A stay B stare C chased
4 A aerobics B feather C share
5 A prepare B match C statue
KEY C C B B A
II WRITING
Complete each of the following sentences using the cues given You can use other words in addition to the cues.
Here is an example.
0 Ngoc/usually/play/badminton/Sunday.
Answer: Ngoc usually plays badminton on Sundays. How/many/hour/day/you/watch TV?
……… What/you/watch/TV/last night?
……… Sometimes/he/watch/TV/and/sometimes/he/read/book
……… My mother/love/Korean/film/but/I/not
……… Although/show/interesting/I/cannot/watch/until/end
………
KEY:
1 How many hours a day you watch TV? What did you watch on TV last night?
3 Sometimes he watches TV, and sometimes he reads books My mother loves Korean films, but I don’t
5 Although the show was interesting, I couldn’t watch it until the end
III READING
1 Read the following passage about Michael Jordan Circle A, B or C to answer each question.
Michael Jordan was born on February 17, 1963 He is considered one of the best basketball players ever He led the Chicago Bulls to six National Basketball Association championships, and won the NBA's Most Valuable Player Award five times
(8)basket, the team defeated Georgetown University and became the champion He was the College Player of the Year in 1983 and in 1984
In 1984, Jordan became a member of the U.S Olympic basketball team The team won the gold medal that year
1 What team did Michael Jordan play for? A Chicago Bulls
B National Basketball Association C Georgetown University
2 How many times did Michael Jordan win the title “College Player of the Year”?
A Six times B Five times C Two times
3 When did Michael Jordan start playing for the University of North Carolina?
A 1963 B 1981 C 1984
4 What does “the team” in paragraph refer to?
A University of North Carolina B Georgetown University C College Player
5 What is the best title of this passage?
A Michael Jordan: life and career
B Michael Jordan: the best basketball player C Michael Jordan: a professional basketball player
KEY
1 A C B A B
2 Read the passage and answer the questions.
Watching television is an interesting and fun activity The first television broadcast in Australia was in 1956 Back then, the pictures on a TV were black and white only Television has changed a lot since then
There are several channels and they show different TV programmes In Western Australia, the main channels are ABC, Seven, Nine, Ten, and SBS TV guides tell us what programmes are showing on which channel, and at what time on a day
Many programmes on television are episodes They are part of a series These episodes usually last for either 30 minutes or a full hour At the weekend there are interesting films You can watch them instead of going to the cinema
1 When was the first Australian TV broadcast?
……… How were the pictures on a TV then?
……… List any three TV channels in Western Australia
……… Where can you find out the time of your favourite TV show?
……… How long episodes on TV usually last for?
………
KEY- Answer the questions.
1 In 1956
2 Black and white
(9)4 In TV guides
5 30 minutes or a full hour
3 Read the following passage about Tokyo and answer the questions.
Tokyo is Japan's capital and the world's most populous city Today it is home for more than 15.1 million people The most popular public transportation in Tokyo is train and subway About 40 million people travel by train and subway daily
Tokyo offers many choices of shopping, entertainment, culture and dining to its visitors Tourists can learn about the city’s history in historic districts like Asakusa They can also visit excellent museums, historic temples and gardens Tokyo also has a number of attractive green spaces in the city centre and its outskirts Harajuku, a neighbourhood in Shibuya, is known internationally for its young fashion and cosplay Tokyo Disneyland is another famous landmark of Tokyo
1 How many people live in Tokyo?
……… What is the most used public transportation in Tokyo?
……… If tourists are interested in the city’s history, where should they go?
……… Where can one find green spaces in Tokyo?
……… What is Harajuku best known for?
………
KEY
1 more than 15.1 million (people) train and subway
3 historic districts (like Asakusa) (in the) city centre and outskirts young fashion and cosplay
4 Fill each blank with a word from the box.
weatherman schedules MC newsreader viewers
1 The programme attracts millions of
2 The is describing the weather for this weekend
3 He is a famous He introduces guests at formal events The reported that the man was a teacher
5 Channel has published its autumn
KEY