[r]
(1)so crAo DIJC c oAo rAo QUANG TRI
TRTIoNG rnpr csuytN rt ouf oON
HUONG UAN CHAM.Bn TUT CHoN DoI TUYEN DTI
rHr Hec srNH GrOr rdp n cAp riNir NAvr Hec
2019-2020
Mdn thi: HOA HOC
HT],OI{G NAX CHAM
M
Cflu NOi duns Di6m
Cf,u I
2,25
1 Khi C dugc diAu ch6 theo bQ dung cp sau ddy cAn ph6i c6 didu kiQn gi? Hdy chgn c4p ch6t A, B thich hgp de diOu ch6 khi C tucrng rmg Vi6t phuong trinh phin ung de
minh hqa
Dung dlch B
ctrit r*n a Khic
HUoNG DAN CHAM
- Nguy0n tdc: DC diOu chO duoc khi C nhu bQ dpng cp v€ thi khi C ph6i co d4c di6m:
ning hon kh6ng l$i 1M :29) vitkh6ng t6c dpng vdi khdng :> c6 th6 di6u ch6 ducyc c6c khi: Cl2, SO2, CO2,hay 02.
0,25
- Phan img di€u cht5:
2KMnO+ + 16HC1 + 2KCl +2MnClz + 5C1zt + SHrO NazSo: + HzSo+ (loang) -+ NazSo+ + Sozt + uro
CaCO: +2HCl +2NaCl + COzt + HzO 0,50
2.Yiltphucrng trinh h6a hoc ctra ph6n ring theo scv d6 sau (ghi 16 di6u kiQn phan img n6u c6)?
HzSO+ > Ir+ KI -+ HzS + HzSO+ ) Brz + HBrO:.
HUONG DAN CHAM
1.H2SOa166., + 8 HI t,c, 4I2 + HzS + AH1O
2.12 + 2K +2KI
3.8KI + 5HzSO+(dE ) b 412 + HzS + 4KzSO+ + 4HzO
4.H2S + 4Clz + 4HzO -) HzSOa + SHCI
5.H2Soa165.l + 2HBr toc , Br2 + SO2 + 2H2o
6.812 + 5C12 + 6 HzO -+ 10HCl + 2HBrO:
3 Spc 0,02 mol Clz vdo dung dich chria 0,06 mol FeBr2 thu dugc dung dich A Cho
AgNO3 du vdo A thu dugc m gam k6t tira Bi6t c6c ph6n ring x6y hodn todn Tim gi6
tri cira m
HUONG UAN CHAM
THl : C12 phin img v6i Br- tru6c.
Dung dich sau ph6n img:
Fe2* 10,06 mol), Cl- (0,04 mol) vd Br- (0,08 mol)
(2)- Atirc dung v6i AgNO3:
,o* = flo"2+ = 0,06mol,nAgCl = 0,04mol
vir n4*s, =0,08mo1
.' V6y: mJ = 188nap *143,5nnrs1 +108na, =27,26(g) THZ z Cl2 ph6n ring v6i Fe2* tru6c
Dung dich sau phin itng:
Fe2* 10,02 mol), Fe3* 10,04 mol) Cl- (0,04 mot)
vd Br- (0,12 mol)
- Atdc dpng v6i AgNO3:
no, =flo"z+ =0,02mol,nAgCl =0,04mol va ngrs, =0,12mol
- VOy mJ = 188nars + 143,5nars1 * 108na, = 30,46(g)
Dr{p s6: gi6 tr! m nim trong khoing xdc dinh sau:
- 27,26 ( m1 ( 30,26 ( M6i tl6p sii cho 0,25 ili6m)
0,25
0,25
0,25 Ciu 2
(2,0it) Cho so d6 chuy6n h6a sau
Cu, to + dd AgNO3A{H3, t0
D +H2SO4' tL E
+ ddNaOH
A +
(2)
+
(1)
(3) (4) (s)
M * Clz, as
I : I (mol)
(6) +ddNaOH
x > * H2SOa, t0 Z xt, to, p
(7) - H2o (s) (e) Polistiren
to tuo t ? (10)
X6c dinh cdc chdthiru co tucvng img v6i so d6 chuy6n h6a tr6n vd vit5t phuong trinh ph6n ung (ghi rO di6u kiQn)
UU6NC nAN CffAVr: C6ng thric c6u t4o thu ggn ctra cdc chdt:
M: C6H5CHzCHz ) A: C6H5CHzCHzCI; B: C6HsCH2CH2OH ;
C ld CoHsCHzCHO; D ld C6H5CH2COONru, E ld CoHsCH2COOH
X: C6H5CHCICH3 ; Y: CoHsCHOHCH3 ; Z vdd6u ? ld Stiren
( M9i ch6t vdr phuong trinh tucrng rfrng duqc tfnh 0,125 <Ii0m) NOu ko vi6t phuong trinh thi trt ali 0,5 di6m /toirn ciu)
1.0
tac d6 so s6nh nhiQt d9 s6i cira c6C iiqp a[6i iiftu d.
Nguy6n tic 1 Hai hqp ch6t c6 cung kh6i lugng ho4c khdi luo ng x6p xi nhau thi hqp ch6t nao c6 1i6n ktit hidro b6n hcrn sC c6 nhiQt d-0 s6i cao hcrn
Nguy6n tilc2z Hai hqp ch6t cring ki6u 1i6n ki5t hidro, hqp ch5.t ndo c6 kh6i luqng lcrn hcrn s0 c6 nhiQt d0 s6i cao hcrn
Nguy6n ttc3 Hai hqp ch6t h d6ng ph6n cira thi d6ng phdn cis c6 nhiQt d6 s6i cao hcrn ddng phdn trans
Nguy0n tic 4z Hai hqp ch6t ld d6ng phAn cira thi hqp ch6t nao c6 diQn tich ti6p xric phdn ttr l6n hcrn sE c6 nhiQt dQ cao hcyn hcrn
Nguy6n tic 5: Hai hqp cht'x c6 kh6i luqng bing nhau ho4c x6p xi nhau, hqp ch6t ndo c6 h6n k6t ion sd c6 nhiOt d0 s6i cao
Nguy6n tilc 6; Hai hqp ch6t hiru co d6u kh6ng c6 liOn ktit hidro, c6 kh6i lugng x6p xi
nhau thi hqp ch6t nio c6 tinh ph6n cyc hcrn sE c6 nhiQt d0 s6i cao hcrn
( N6u hs n6u tir 2-3 nguyOn tic, cho 0,25 di6m, n6u ttr 4-6 nguy6n tic cho 0,5 tli6m)
(3)3 Cho hcr,p A hidrocacbon X, Y, Z thuQc ddy VA h-o.p B
Oz, O: TrQn A v6i B theo ti lQ the tich Ve:Vn : 1,5 : 3,2 rdi d6t chay H6n hqp sau phin
img thu du-o c chi g6m CO2 vi H2Oltoiy c6 ti lQ V(coz) : Vcrzo) : 1,3 : l,2.gi6tti kh6i hoi
cira B so v6i H2 la 19
Ti kh6i h<ri cria A so v6i Hz ld bao nhi6u?
HUONG DAN
tre = 1'5
nu =3'2 Mu=38+nr=3,2
a+b =3,2
32a+ 48b:38.3,2
or; a
_> a=2
b:1,2
Gii sir: _>
or:b
CO, :1,3x HrO
"\,2x BTKL
BTNT.Oxi
2.L,3x + l,Zx = 2.2 + 1,2.3 -+ x =
-)
ffiA =fm(C,H) =1,3.2.12+1,2.2.2=36-+Mo '' = {=24 l,)
Ti kh6i hoi cira A so v6i Hz ld: dN:rrz= 12
0,25
0,25
Cfiu 3
1,75
1 Hdy phucrng trinh ph6n ring vd nOu hiQn tuqng xiy ra khi:
a Spc NOztir tu d6n du vdo dung dfch KOH c6 pha qui'tim.
b Spc NHr tir tt dt5n du vdo dung dfch ZnSOa,
c Cho it v.un Cu vdo dung dfch chrla d6ng thdi KNO: vi HCl
d Cho dung dich $SNO: vdo dung dich Na:POa 5ng nghiQm, cho ti6p dung dich
HNOE lo6ng vdo d6n du
TII.IONG DAN CHAM:
a) Dung dich KOH ban dAu c6 mdu xanh sau d6 nhat mdu vd di5n mdt miru, khi NOz du
thi dung dich lai c6 miu d6 Pthh:
2NOz + 2KOH * + KNO: + KNOz + H2O 2NOz + HzO t HNO3 + HNOz
b) Lric dAu c6 ki5t tira mdu trdng xu6t hiQn sau d6 NH3 du thi k6t ttra bi hda tan Pthh:
2NH: + 2HzO + ZnSO+ -+ Zu(OH)2 + ['{Ha)2SO+
Zx(OH)2+ 4NH: -:-+ [Zn(i'{H:)+]2* + 2OH'
c) Kim lopi Cu tan dAn, c6 khi kh6ng mdu tho6t vd h6a niu trong kh6ng khi
Pthh:
3Cu + 8H* + 2NO:-
-)
3Cu2* + 2NO + 4H2O
2NO + Oz -r 2NOz
d) Lric dAu c6 k6t ttra mdu vdng xu6t hiQn, sau d6 khi cho HNOr du vdo thi k6t tira bi tan Pthh:
AgNO3 + Na3PO4
+ A$PO4 + 3NaNO: Ag:PO+ + 3HNO: -) 3AgNO3 + H:PO+
(M6i trutrng hqp cho 0,25 tli6m)
2 Cho h6n hqp g6m a mol FeS2 vir b mol CuzS t5c dpng vria dri vdi dung dich HNO3 thi
thu dugc dung dich A (chi chua2 mu6i sunfat) vit26,881it h6n hqp khi Y g6m NOz vd
NO diOu kiQn ti6u chuAn fth6ng cdn sin phAm khtr ndo kh6c), ti kh6i ctra h6n hqp khi Y so v6i Hz ld 19 Cho dung dich A tdc dpng v6i Ba(OH)z du thi thu dugc t<t5t ttra p.
Nung E, diSn khOi luqng khdng AOi ttri thu dugc m gam chAt r6n Tinh gi6 tri m
(4)I
stloNc UAN cuAnn:
Ap dUrrg phucmg ph6p so dO duOng ch6o ta c6:
NOz 46 -_ ,zr 8
38
NO 30/ \8
26.88
:) fl*o,: ''": hNo - ^* :U-6ntol
22,4.2
0,25
b) * So dO phan img:
FeS2+ CuzS + HNo: dd { Fe3*+ Cu2* + Soi-} +Nof +Nozt+nzo
a b a 2b 2a+b mol
- Ap dqng b6o toan,dinh luflt b6o toin diQn tich ta c6:
, 3a + 22b :2(2a a b) => a'Zb = 0 (1) - Ap dgng dinh luQt b6o toan electron ta c6
FeSz ) Fe3*+25*6+ 15e
cuzS)2o1.+s*6+loe
:) 15nr"., * 10n"ur, : 3rrono * r*o, => 15a + 10b = 3.016 * 016 = 2r4 Q)
Giai h0 (1), (2) ta c6: a:0,12 mol; b:0,06 mol
0,25
* So dO phan [rng:
{F.'*, Cu2*, SO 2- 1 + Ba(oH)zdLt , {Fe(OH)3, Cu(OH)2, BaSOa}
{Fe(OH)3, Cu(OH)2, BaSO+ Fe2O3, CuO, BaSOa
2Fe3* -)FerO,
0,12 0,06 Cu2* -+Cuo
0,12 0J2
BaSO+ -) BaSO+
0,3 0,3 mol
:) rn(chat 1fp;: 0e06.160 + 0,12.80 + 0,3.233 = 89,1 gam 0,25 Ciu 4
2r0
1 Cho 4 chdt hiru ccy A, B, D, E ddu mpch h0 c6 ctng cdng thitc ph6n ttr C:HoO Trinh
bdy phucrng h6a hoc AO nnan Ui6t + ctr6t triru co tr6n
CTCT cta4 chdtlAn luqt ld:
CHsCHzCHO ; CHsCOCHs, CHz = CH-CH2OH ; CH2=[H-O-CH3. - Cho 4 mduthir tAc dgng voi dung dich AgNO3AtrH3 :
+ N€u ch6t ndo tao kci tiu trf,rg tiCnrCurcHo
CH:CHzCHO + 2AgNO3 + NH: + HzO -)CH3CH2COONH+
+ 2NH+NOI + 2 Ag
- c\6tcdn 14i kh6ng hiQn tugng cho t6c dqng v6i Na
+ N6u ch6t nio c6 Hz bay rald CHr:911-CH2OH
CHz: CH-CHzOH + Na -+ CHr:61r-"HzONa + ll2Hz
- 2 chdtcdn l4i kh6ng hiQn tugng cho tdc dr,mg v6i dung dich Br2 N6u ch6t nao ldm m6t mdu dung dich Brz ld: CHz: CH-O-CH:
CHr:911-O-CH3 + Brz €CHzBr-CHBr-O-CH:. - Chdtcdn l4i kh6ng hiQn tugng lA CH3COCH3
(5)I
0r5
0,25 2.Xhedinh c6c ch6t vd hoan thdnh so d6 chuy6n ho6 sau:
A (CoHsO+) +NaOH -+ X + Y + Z
X + HzSO4 + E +Na2SO4
Y+HzSO4-)F+Na2SO4
SO , 1800C
R+HzO
F
cho bi6t E,z d}ucho phan img tr6ng gumg, R ld axit c6 c6ng thric c:H+oz. nUoNc nAN cnAvr:
HCOOCH2CH2COOCII:Q!{2 + NaOH to > HCOONa + HOCH2CHzCOONa + CH3CHO
HCOONa + HzSO+ + HCOOH +Na2SO4
HOCHzCHzCOONa + H2SOa-+ HOCHzCHzCOOH +Na2SO4
,1900c HOCHzCHzCOOH
3 Cho 2,760 gam ch6t hfiu co A (chiraC, H, O vir co 100 < Ma<.150) t6c dqng v6i dung dich NaOH vira du, sau ldm kh6, ph6nbay hoi chi c6 nuoc, phAn ch6t rin khan lAi
chua hai mu$i cuu natri c6 t<trOi luqng 4,440 gam Nung nong mu6i trong oxi du, sau
khi phdn irng xiy ra hodn todn thu duoc 3,180 gam Na2CO 3, 2,464 lit COz (o dktc) vd 0.900 gam nucrc
Xac dinh c6ng thuc phdn tu vd c6ng thu'c c6u tao cira A.
nt'oxc nAx cuAu:
* 2J69,\ + NaOH " r 4,44gmu6i + H2O (1)
* 4,44gmu6i + Oz - 3,18g Na2CO3 + 2,464lit COz + 0,9g Ijl2O (2)
flN,oH =2nNd{o3 =2.0,03 = 0,06 (mol)
ma1t1.t.7 = ffiNooLt * ffirt - 171*r,iii: 0,72g
TOng kh6i luqng nudc cira (1) ve (2):7,629 nHrLt = 0,09mol
fr t-t (,s) = fi n (u rtt) - fr u ( Noott ) = \'l2mol fr('\.t) = nt:1t:rtrl + n{:1N.rt.o.1 0'l4mol mrqrtl = ffi,s - ffir: - ffi H = 01969
fro = 0,06mol
C:H:O= t4: 12:0 06 =7 :6:3
CHr:g1r-aOOH + H2O
( MAi phuong trinh cho 0,L25 ili6m)
0,25 :> CTPT cira A ld (CzHoO:),, n nguY0n ) 1
Theo dd bdi, ta c6 100 < 138.n < 150
(6)0r5
* nA :0,02mo1; oNaoH: 0,06 mol
* nA:nNaeH:1 :3 mdAchi c6 nguy6ntuoxi,khit6c dpngv6iNaOH sinhrahai
mu6i n6n A c6 I nh6m chfc este cira hqp ch6t phenol vd mQt nh6m -OH 1o4i chric phenol
=) c6ng thric cAu t?o c6 th6 c6 ctra A ld:
H H
0,25
a,25
Cflu 5
2r0
l Cho 0,3 mol hdn hqp X gdm 2 este dcyn chric t6c dgng vtra dir vdi 200 ml dung dich NaOH 2M dun n6ng, thu dugc hqp ch6t hifu co no m4ch hd Y vi 37,6 garn h6n hqp hai
mu6i hiru co c6 kh6i tuqng hcrn k6m 11,6 gam Hqp ch6t Y c6 khd ndng tham gia ph6n img tr6ngb4c, dOt chay hoan toan Y r6i cho san phAm h6p thg hi5t vdo binh chria dung dfch nu6c v6i trong (Ca(OH)z) du, th6y khOi tuqng binh tdng 24,8 gam
X6c dinh c6ng thtlc cflu tAo ctra este
urldNc oAN cnAvr:
* Ta c6:
4 - flNuor =0,4 =!=l <a <2
[o," 0,3
Mi 2 este 1i dcrn chtc =trong h5n hqp c6 este cira phenol
* MAt kh6c khi thuy ph6n tr6n trqp thu duqc 1 ch6t hiru co no m4ch h0 c6 kh6 ndng tham gia phan img trang b4c + San phAm d6 phii ld andehit no dcrn chric m4ch ho = trong [6"-hqrp cO mQt este c6 g5c ancol k6m b6n
Khi thuy ph6n X thu <Iuqc h6n hqp r[n chi c6 mu6i + 2 este c6 ctng gi5c axit= CTTQ
cta2 este la RCOOCH:CHR' vd RCOOCoFI+R")
RCOOCH:CHR' + NAOH
-9 RCOONA + R'CHO (1)
x mol x mol x mol x mol
RCOOC6H4R" + 2NaOH
-) RCOONa * R"C6HaONa
+ H2O (2)
y mol 2y mol y mol Y mol
theo bii ra ta c6 hQ :
trocoo*u :0,3 flo'ao,'r*o u :0r1
n*'ano = 0,2 Ggi CTPT ctra andehit no dcrn chirc mpch hd Y lA CnHz,O ta c6
3n-1
C,H2.O+ 2 Oz+nCOz+nH2O (3)
0,2 0,2n 0,2n
IlI binh tang :
ffi"o' * ffinro :0,2n,44 +
0,2n 18 :24,8 ) n:2
= CTPT ld CzFI+O hay CHTCHO
Vi t6ng khOi tuqng 2 mu6i bing 37,6 gam vd 2 mu6i hcrn k6m 11,6 gant [t,t, =X*y=0r3
flNooH = x+2y =0'4
x : 0,2(mo1) =
Y = 0,l(mol)
ffir-ffi2=1116
mr +m2 =37,6
(7)TI{2z
= 2 este ld
loqi IR
ln
) co2 trudng hqp
THl:
ffincooN, =24,6
mn"cor,.,oNu = 13
h (cH3-) " la (cH3 -) m*.uo^u : 13 mR"c,,H*oNu :24r6
R+67 -24'6 =82=R=15
0,3
R,,+115=E=r3o=R,,=15
0,1
CH3COOCH = CHz
CH3COOC.H*CH, (o, m, p)
R + 67 = 13 :43.33
0,3
R,,+115=24,6 =246
0,1
0,25
0,25
Quy tdc duong ch6o:) rrH2:0,2 ; nNs:0,05 mol
* B6o todn kh6i lugng :
mnh dAu * mlrzso+ : Irlmu6i sunfat * IIlx * filruo
:> nH2o :0,57 mol * BTNT H:
2nuzso+ :2ngzo + 4n5s+ * ZUn
:) flNH4 :0,05 mol * BTNT N:
2np.No:)z:1lNH4 + nNo
-) [Fe(No3)2 = 0105 mol
* BTNT O:
4nr.:oa * 6npeG.ro:)z * 4nHzSO+ :4nso+ + nH2o + nNo
:) tlrdo4 = 0108 mol
Drip s6: 6MB = 10,8 gam ld bao nhi6u?
nUdNc oAN cnAu:
* Mx: 7,6:) c6 Hz Vd c6 khi NO
C6 ny:0,25 mol
0,25
0,25
0,25 0,25