The factors influencing individual investors behavior in vietnam stock exchange

MINISTRY OF EDUCATION AND TRAINING UNIVERSITY OF ECONOMICS HOCHIMINH CITY Phùng Viết Nhiên THE FACTORS INFLUENCING INDIVIDUAL INVESTOR’S BEHAVIOR IN VIETNAM STOCK EXCHANGE MASTER’S THESIS In Business Administration Ology code: 60.34.05 Supervisor Professor- Dr VÕ THỊ QUÝ Ho Chi Minh City 2010 Acknowledgement This research project would not have been possible without the support of many people Firstly I wish to express my deep sincere gratitude to my supervisor, Dr Vo Thi Quy for her invaluable advices and helps Without her, this thesis could not have been completed I would like to express my deepest gratitude and honor to my dear parents for not only the love they devote to me but also for the time I took from them which should have been my devotion to them in their aged time Special thanks to my wife’s assistance in this study She has encouraged me and helped me in English editing My thanks would also go to all of my colleagues from Nguyen Tat Thanh college, my classmates, especially, Lam Hong Phong, Nguyen Thanh Trung and Ms Dang Hai Yen, Ms Nguyen Nhu Chang for all of their friendship and encouragement Finally, I also wish to thank my friends in Ocean Security, Dai A Security, Nhat Viet Security, Vietcombank, HSBC, National university… for their great support My thanks would also go to the respondents, without them, my thesis could not have been done i Abstract This paper aimed at identifying the most and the least influencing factors on the Vietnamese investor’s behavior Base on Al-Tamimi’s questionnaire, this research developed a modified questionnaire The questionnaire included thirty items that belong to five categories: self-image/firm-image co-incidence, accounting information, neutral information, advocate recommendations, personal financial needs This study was carried out in 226 individual investors in Hochiminh stock exchange The results showed that Vietnamese individual investors select stock base on some factors The most interested factors were Condition of financial statements, Expected corporate earnings, Expected profit from stock, Reputation of the firm, Fluctuation/developments in the VN stock index, Government's policy (tax, monetary, interest rate), Current economic indicators (such as GDP, inflation ), Affordable share price, Firm status in industry, Expected dividends The least factors were related to advocate recommendations such as Self-company recommendation, Friend or family member opinions, Opinions of the firm’s stockholders, Broker recommendation, specialist recommendation, and Security company’s recommendations Factors namely Fluctuation of gold's price, Minimizing risk, Fluctuation of dollars' price, Feelings for a firm's products and services, Reputation of the firm's shareholders or leader are also the least influencing factors on investor’s behavior Key word: individual investor’s behavior ii TABLE OF CONTENT -Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction page 1.2 Research background page 1.3 Problem statement page 1.4 Research objective page 1.5 Scope and methodology of the study page 1.6 Contribution page 1.7 Structure of the study page Chapter 2: LITERATURE REVIEW 2.1 Introduction page 2.2Someofrelatedtheory page 2.2.1 The concept of investors page 2.2.2 Security Selection: the Treynor-Black model page 2.2.3 Security analysis page 2.2.4 Technical analysis and Fundamental analysis page 13 2.3 Previous researches page 15 2.4 Research question page 25 2.5 Conclusion page 25 Chapter 3: METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction page 26 iii 3.2 Research design page 26 3.3 Develop questionnaire page 29 3.4 Pilot test page 31 3.5 Main survey page 32 3.6 Conclusion page 34 Chapter 4: DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS 4.1 Introduction page 35 4.2 Descriptions of sample page 35 4.3 Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) page 37 4.4 Reliability testing page 40 4.5 The most and the least factors influence on investor’s behavior page 42 4.5.1 Effect of groups of variables on investor’s behavior .page 42 4.5.2 Effect of separate variables on investor’s behavior page 48 4.6 Conclusion page 53 Chapter 5: CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS 5.1 Introduction page 56 5.2 Summary of the study page 57 5.3 Implications of this study page 58 5.4 Conclusions of this study page 61 5.5 Limitations and recommendations for further research page 61 iv LIST OF REFERENCES page 62 Appendix – Questionnaire (Vietnamese version) page 65 Appendix – Observed variables page 68 Appendix - Descriptive Statistics of variables page 69 Appendix – Compare mean of variables page 70 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1 Outline of chapter page Figure 1.2 Structure of the study page Figure 2.1 The structure of Chapter page Figure 3.1 Outline of chapter page 26 Figure 3.2 Research process page 28 Figure 4.1 Outline of chapter page 35 Figure 5.1 – Outline of chapter page 56 v LIST OF TABLES page 17 Table 2.1: The factors influencing on equity selection process of individual investor in USA in Nagy’s research page 19 Table 2.2: The factors influencing on equity selection process of individual investor in Greek in Merikas’ research .page 23 Table 2.3: The factors influence on individual investor behavior in UAE in Al-Tamimi’s research Table 3.1: The measurement of scale of variables in this research page 30 Table 4.1 – Sample characteristics page 36 Table 4.2 – KMO and Bartlett's Test page 38 Table 4.3: Rotated component matrix page 39 Table 4.4: Reliability of the measurement instrument page 40 page 43 Table 4.5: Frequency Distribution of Variables that Significantly Influence the Vietnamese behavior Table 4.6: Multiple Comparisons of groups page 47 Table 4.7: Descriptive Statistics of variables page 49 Table 4.8: The most influencing factors on Vietnamese investor’s behavior page 51 Table 4.9: The least influencing factors on Vietnamese investor’s behavior page 51 page 52 Table 4.10: The most influencing factors in this research, Nagy, Merikas and Al-Tamimi page 55 Table 4.11: The least influencing factors in this research, Nagy, Merikas and Al-Tamimi vi Chapter 1: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Introduction This chapter portrays general introduction for the current study with which research problem, research objectives and research questions are provided as the rationale for this study An introduction to the research methodology to be used and the scope of the study is also addressed in this chapter At the end of the chapter, the structure of this study is provided The Outline of this chapter is shown in figure 1.1 Figure 1.1 Outline of chapter 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Research background 1.3 Problem statement 1.4 Research objectives 1.5 Scope and Methodology 1.6 Contribution 1.7 Structure of the study 1.2 Research background The Vietnam Stock Exchange (VSE) was established in 2000 At that time, trading in the stock market was operated only at the HoChiMinh Stock Exchange (HOSE), market is expressed through VN index Initially, two equity issues were listed, Refrigeration Electrical Engineering Joint Stock Corporation (‘REE’) and Saigon Cable and Telecommunication Material Joint Stock Company (‘SACOM’) Until 2005, there were only 41 equities issues listed During that period VN index fluctuated erratically, sometime it raised up to nearly 600 score sometime it fell down nearly 100 As of 2006, particularly in end-year half, quantity of listed companied increased quickly, 196 companies were listed at the end of 2006 In total there were thirteen licensed securities companies Along with rising of listed companies, VN index increased continuously from 600 in middle to nearly 1000 at the end of 2006 Not stop at that point, with the event that Vietnam joined to WTO at the end of 2006, the stock market really broke out The market was hot continuously regardless of the warning of experts and pinnacle of VN index was 1170 on 13/03/2007 There had been 249 companies listed on stock market until 2007 Of these, 138 are at HOSE, left ones are at Hanoi Stock Exchange (HNX) With 249 being listed, market capitalization is about 491 billions VND, equivalent to 30 billion US dollars Comparing Vietnam market capitalization to other stock markets of developed countries, perhaps Vietnam market is not worth considering However, 30 billion US dollars market capitalization is equivalent to 43% GDP of the whole nation that would be significant to Vietnam Over years of establishment and development, in general, the market has positive contribution The Vietnamese Stock market have experience strong fluctuation: from over 1100 on 13/03/2007 down to over 250 point in the beginning of 2008 During this time, at the cheapest (over 250 point), some investors are hesitant to buy stock but at the highest (over 1100 point), some investors fight to buy stock So what make investors buy and/or sell stock? Which factors influence investor’s behavior? 1.3 Problem statement Vietnam security market had the highest growth rate in the Asia Pacific in 2006 with 145%, even higher than Sanghai security market with 130% growth rate And at early 2007, VN security market continuously increased with 46% - the highest growth rate in the world This fierce increase of VN market made shock to not only many domestic investors but also security experts including market control officers Along with this, the worry about risk of forming buble in the security market had been a controversial topic A lot of reasons had been made to explain too hot development of VN security maket Domestic investors blamed for foreign investors, foreign investors blamed for domestic investors’ “craziness” However, in general most of people supposed that main reason was “herd psyshology behavior”, crowd psychology investment of domestic investors –lack of knowledge and personal expectation (http://www.saga.vn/view.aspx?id=2953) Is it right? So what factors affect on Vietnamese individual investors’ behavior? 1.4 Research objective The purpose of this study is examining the most and the least influencing factors on the Vietnamese individual investors’ behavior 1.5 Scope and methodology of the study 1.5.1 Scope of the study The Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange have more listed company and trading volume than Hanoi Stock Exchange, so my study just focuses on individual investors at the Ho Chi Minh City Securities Center Therefore they may not represent for all individual investors in Vietnamese Stock Exchange 1.5.2 Research Method V12 V35 15044 09109 1.000 -.1867 4876 V36 09292 09109 1.000 -.2443 4301 V41 19912 09109 1.000 -.1381 5363 V42 36726 09109 013 0301 7044 V43 31858 09109 109 -.0186 6558 V44 19469 09109 1.000 -.1425 5319 V45 23451 09109 1.000 -.1027 5717 V46 27434 09109 603 -.0628 6115 V53 15044 09109 1.000 -.1867 4876 09109 000 -1.1558 -.4814 09109 1.000 -.3062 3682 09109 000 -.9080 -.2336 09109 000 -.7708 -.0965 09109 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09292 09109 1.000 -.2443 4301 V43 04425 09109 1.000 -.2929 3814 V44 -.07965 09109 1.000 -.4168 2575 V45 -.03982 09109 1.000 -.3770 2974 V53 -.12389 09109 1.000 -.4611 2133 09109 000 -1.4301 -.7557 V23 V24 V25 V32 V33 V54 V53 * -1.09292 * V11 -.15044 09109 1.000 -.4876 1867 V12 -.18142 09109 1.000 -.5186 1558 V13 -.75221 * 09109 000 -1.0894 -.4150 V14 -.61504 * 09109 000 -.9522 -.2779 V21 -.99115 * 09109 000 -1.3283 -.6540 V22 -1.07965 * 09109 000 -1.4168 -.7425 V23 -.52655 * 09109 000 -.8637 -.1894 82 -.55310 * -.63717 * -.70354 * -.70796 * V34 -.65929 * V35 00000 V36 V24 09109 000 -.8903 -.2159 09109 000 -.9743 -.3000 09109 000 -1.0407 -.3664 09109 000 -1.0451 -.3708 09109 000 -.9965 -.3221 09109 1.000 -.3372 3372 -.05752 09109 1.000 -.3947 2797 V41 04867 09109 1.000 -.2885 3858 V42 21681 09109 1.000 -.1204 5540 V43 16814 09109 1.000 -.1690 5053 V44 04425 09109 1.000 -.2929 3814 V45 08407 09109 1.000 -.2531 4212 V46 12389 09109 1.000 -.2133 4611 09109 000 -1.3062 -.6318 09109 000 4814 1.1558 09109 000 4504 1.1248 09109 1.000 -.1204 5540 09109 024 0168 6912 V25 V32 V33 -.96903 * V11 81858 * V12 78761 * V13 21681 V14 35398 V21 -.02212 09109 1.000 -.3593 3151 V22 -.11062 09109 1.000 -.4478 2266 V23 44248 09109 000 1053 7797 V54 V54 * * * V24 41593 09109 001 0788 7531 V25 33186 09109 063 -.0053 6690 V32 26549 09109 826 -.0717 6027 V33 26106 09109 964 -.0761 5982 V34 30973 09109 157 -.0274 6469 V35 96903 * 09109 000 6318 1.3062 91150 * 09109 000 5743 1.2487 1.01770 * 09109 000 6805 1.3549 09109 000 8487 1.5230 09109 000 8000 1.4743 09109 000 6761 1.3505 V36 V41 V42 V43 V44 * 1.18584 1.13717 * 1.01327 * 83 V45 V46 V53 1.05310 * * 1.09292 96903 * 09109 000 7159 1.3903 09109 000 7557 1.4301 09109 000 6318 1.3062 * The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level 84 ... carried out in 226 individual investors in Hochiminh stock exchange The results showed that Vietnamese individual investors select stock base on some factors The most interested factors were... objective The purpose of this study is examining the most and the least influencing factors on the Vietnamese individual investors? ?? behavior 1.5 Scope and methodology of the study 1.5.1 Scope of the. .. al., (2003) investigated the factors that influenced individual investor behavior in the Greek market They mailed their questionnaire including 26 variables to 150 individual behaviors They found