Luyện thi học sinh giỏi môn Tiếng Anh lớp 12 năm học 2018-2019

Luyện thi học sinh giỏi môn Tiếng Anh lớp 12 năm học 2018-2019 là tư liệu tham khảo hỗ trợ các em học sinh ôn luyện, củng cố kiến thay ngay tại nhà và đánh giá năng lực của bản thân.

VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí LUYỆN THI HỌC SINH GIỎI LỚP 12 NĂM HỌC 2018 - 2019 MÔN TIẾNG ANH PASSAGE You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 1-14 which are based on the Reading Passage below Dressed to Dazzle As high-tech materials invade high-street fashion, prepare for clothes that are cooler than silk and warmer than wool, keep insects at arm’s length, and emit many pinpricks of coloured light The convergence of fashion and high technology is leading to new kinds of fibres, fabrics and coatings that are imbuing clothing with equally wondrous powers Corpe Nove, an Italian fashion company, has made a prototype shirt that shortens its sleeves when room temperature rises and can be ironed with a hairdryer And at Nexia Biotechnologies, a Canadian firm, scientists have caused a stir by manufacturing spider silk from the milk of genetically engineered goats Not surprisingly, some industry analysts think high-tech materials may soon influence fashion more profoundly than any individual designer A big impact is already being made at the molecular level Nano-Tex, a subsidiary of American textiles maker Burlington, markets a portfolio of nanotechnologies that can make fabrics more durable, comfortable, wrinkle-free and stain-resistant The notion of this technology posing a threat to the future of the clothing industry clearly does not worry popular fashion outlets such as Gap, Levi Strauss and Lands’ End, all of which employ Nano-Tex’s products Meanwhile, Schoeller Textil in Germany, whose clients include famous designers Donna Karan and Polo Ralph Lauren, uses nanotechnology to create fabrics that can store or release heat VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí Sensory Perception Technologies (Spn embodies an entirely different application of nanotechnology Created in 2003 by Quest International, a flavour and fragrance company, and Woolmark, a wool textile organisation, SPT is a new technique of embedding chemicals into fabric Though not the first of this type, SPT’s durability (evidently the microcapsule containing the chemicals can survive up to 30 washes) suggests an interesting future Designers could incorporate signature scents into their collections Sportswear could be impregnated with anti-perspirant Hayfever sufferers might find relief by pulling on a T-shirt, and so on The loudest buzz now surrounds polylactic acid (PLA) fibres – and, in particular, one brandnamed Ingeo Developed by Cargill Dow, it is the first man-made fibre derived from a 100% annually renewable resource This is currently maize (corn), though in theory any fermentable plant material, even potato peelings, can be used In performance terms, the attraction for the 30-plus clothes makers signed up to use Ingeo lies in its superiority over polyester (which it was designed to replace) As Philippa Watkins, a textiles specialist, notes, Ingeo is not a visual trend Unlike nanotechnology, which promises to ‘transform what clothes can do, Ingeo’s impact on fashion will derive instead from its emphasis on using natural sustainable resources Could wearing synthetic fabrics made from polluting and non-renewable fossil fuels become as uncool as slipping on a coat made from animal fur? Consumers should expect a much wider choice of ‘green’ fabrics Alongside PLA fibres, firms are investigating plants such as bamboo, seaweed, nettles and banana stalks as raw materials for textiles Soya bean fibre is also gaining ground Harvested in China and spun in Europe, the fabric is a better absorber and ventilator than silk, and retains heat better than wool Elsewhere, fashion houses – among them Ermenegildo Zegna, Paul Smith and DKNY – are combining fashion with electronics Clunky earlier attempts Involved attaching electronic components to the fabrics after the normal weaving process But companies such as VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí SOFTswitch have developed electro-conductive fabrics that behave in similar ways to conventional textiles Could electronic garments one day change colour or pattern? A hint of what could be achieved is offered by Luminex, a joint venture between Stabio Textile and Caen Made of woven optical fibres and powered by a small battery, Luminex fabric emits thousands of pinpricks of light, the colour of which can be varied Costumes made of the fabric wowed audiences at a production of the opera Aida in Washington, DC, last year Yet this ultimate of ambitions has remained elusive in daily fashion, largely because electronic textiles capable of such wizardry are still too fragile to wear Margaret Orth, whose firm International Fashion Machines makes a colour-changing fabric, believes the capability is a decade or two away Accessories with this chameleon-like capacity – for instance, a handbag that alters its colour – are more likely to appear first Questions 1-6 Look at the following list of companies (1-6) and the list of new materials below Match each company with the correct material Write the correct letter A-H next to the companies 1-6 NB: You may use any answer more than once Corpe Nove Nexia Biotechnologies Nano-Tex Schoeller Textil Quest International and Wool mark Cargill Dow New materials VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí A material that can make you warmer or cooler B clothing with perfume or medication added C material that rarely needs washing D clothes that can change according to external heat levels E material made from banana stalks F material that is environmentally-friendly G fibres similar to those found in nature H clothes that can light up in the dark Questions 7-14 Complete the summary below Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the Reading Passage for each answer Major changes in fabrics Using plants Nanotechnology will bring changes we can see, while the brand called _will help the environment Fibre made from the _plant has better qualities than silk and wool Electronics In first attempts to use electronics, companies started with a material made by a standard method and then they fixed 10 to the material Luminex fabric VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí  needs a 11 _to make it work  has already been used to make stage 12 _ is not suitable for everyday wear because it is too13 The first products that can change colour are likely to be 14 _ PASSAGE You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 14-26 which are based on Reading Passage below ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE IN AUSTRALIA The first students to study alternative medicine at university level in Australia began their four-year, full-time course at the University of Technology, Sydney, in early 1994 Their course covered, among other therapies, acupuncture The theory they learnt is based on the traditional Chinese explanation of this ancient healing art: that it can regulate the flow of ‘Qi’ or energy through pathways in the body This course reflects how far some alternative therapies have come in their struggle for acceptance by the medical establishment Australia has been unusual in the Western world in having a very conservative attitude to natural or alternative therapies, according to Dr Paul Laver, a lecturer in Public Health at the University of Sydney ‘We’ve had a tradition of doctors being fairly powerful and I guess they are pretty loath to allow any pretenders to their position to come into it.’ In many other industrialized countries, orthodox and alternative medicines have worked ‘hand in glove’ for years In Europe, only orthodox doctors can prescribe herbal medicine In Germany, plant remedies account for 10% of the national turnover of pharmaceutical Americans made more visits to alternative therapist than to orthodox doctors in 1990, and each year they spend about $US 12 billion on the therapies that have not been scientifically tested VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí Disenchantment with orthodox medicine has seen the popularity of alternative therapies in Australia climb steadily during the past 20 years In a 1983 national health survey, 1.9% of people said they had contacted a chiropractor, naturopath, osteopath, acupuncturist or herbalist in the two weeks prior to the survey By 1990, this figure had risen to 2.6% of the population The 550,000 consultations with alternative therapists reported in the 1990 survey represented about an eighth of the total number of consultations with medically qualified personnel covered by the survey, according to Dr Laver and colleagues writing in the Australian Journal of Public Health in 1993 ‘A better educated and less accepting public has become disillusion with the experts in general and increasingly skeptical about science and empirically based knowledge,’ they said ‘The high standing of professionals, including doctors, has been eroded as a consequence.’ Rather than resisting or criticizing this trend, increasing numbers of Australian doctors, particularly younger ones, are forming group practices with alternative therapists or taking courses themselves, particularly in acupuncture and herbalism Part of the incentive was financial, Dr Laver said ‘The bottom line is that most general practitioners are business people If they see potential clientele going elsewhere, they might want to be able to offer a similar service.’ In 1993, Dr Laver and his colleagues published a survey of 289 Sydney people who attended eight alternative therapists’ practices in Sydney These practices offered a wide range of alternative therapies from 25 therapists Those surveyed had experience chronic illnesses, for which orthodox medicine had been able to provide little relief They commented that they liked the holistic approach of their alternative therapists and the friendly, concerned and detailed attention they had received The cold, impersonal manner of orthodox doctors featured in the survey An increasing exodus from their clinics, coupled with this and a number of other relevant surveys carried out in Australia, all pointing to orthodox doctors’ inadequacies, have led mainstream doctors themselves to begin to admit they could learn from the personal style of alternative therapists Dr Patrick Store, President of the Royal VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí College of General Practitioners, concurs that orthodox doctors could learn a lot about beside manner and advising patients on preventative health from alternative therapists According to the Australian Journal of Public Health, 18% of patients visiting alternative therapists so because they suffer from musculo-skeletal complaints; 12% suffer from digestive problems, which is only 1% more than those suffering from emotional problems Those suffering from respiratory complaints represent 7% of their patients, and candida sufferers represent an equal percentage Headache sufferers and those complaining of general ill health represent 6% and 5% of patients respectively, and a further 4% see therapists for general health maintenance The survey suggested that complementary medicine is probably a better term than alternative medicine Alternative medicine appears to be an adjunct, sought in times of disenchantment when conventional medicine seems not to offer the answer Question 14 and 15 Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D Write your answers in boxes 14 and 15 on your answer sheet 14 Traditionally, how have Australian doctors differed from doctors in many Western countries? A They have worked closely with pharmaceutical companies B They have often worked alongside other therapists C They have been reluctant to accept alternative therapists D They have regularly prescribed alternative remedies 15 In 1990, Americans A were prescribed more herbal medicines than in previous years B consulted alternative therapists more often than doctors VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí C spent more on natural therapies than orthodox medicines D made more complaints about doctors than in previous years Questions 16-23 Do the following statements agree with the views of the writer in Reading Passage 2? In boxes 16-23 on your answer sheet write YES if the statement agrees with the views of the writer NO if the statements contradicts the views of the writer NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this 16 Australians have been turning to alternative therapies in increasing numbers over the past 20 years 17 Between 1983 and 1990 the numbers of patients visiting alternative therapists rose to include a further 8% of the population 18 The 1990 survey related to 550,000 consultations with alternative therapists 19 In the past, Australians had a higher opinion of doctors than they today 20 Some Australian doctors are retraining in alternative therapies 21 Alternative therapists earn higher salaries than doctors 22 The 1993 Sydney survey involved 289 patients who visited alternative therapists for acupuncture treatment 23 All the patients in the 1993 Sydney survey had long-term medical complaints Questions 24 -26 Complete the vertical axis on the table below Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the Reading Passage for each answer Write your answer in boxes 24-26 on your answer sheet PASSAGE VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí You should spend about 20 minutes on Questions 27-40, which are based on Reading Passage 154 below: Makete Integrated Rural Transport Project Section A The disappointing results of many conventional road transport projects in Africa led some experts to rethink the strategy by which rural transport problems were to be tackled at the beginning of the 1980s A request for help in improving the availability of transport within the remote Makete District of southwestern Tanzania presented the opportunity to try a new approach The concept of’ integrated rural transport was adopted in the task of examining the transport needs of the rural households m the district The objective was to reduce the time and effort needed to obtain access to essential goods and services -through an improved rural transport system The underlying assumption was that the time saved would be used instead for activities that would improve the social and economic development of the communities The Makete Integrated Rural Transport -Project (MIRT P) started in 1985 with financial support from the Swiss Development Corporation and was coordinated with the help of the Tanzanian government Section B When the project began Makete District was virtually totally isolated dunng the rainy “sensory The regional road was in such bad shape that access to the main towns was impossible for about three months of the year Road traffic was extremely rare with the district, and alternative means of transport were restricted to donkeys in the north of the distinct people relied primarily on the paths, which were supper and dangerous during the rains VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí Before solutions cook be proposed, the problems had to be understood Little was known about the transport demands of the rural households, so Phase I between December 1985 and December 1987, (ocused’on research The socio-economic survey of more then 400 households in the district indicate of that a household in Makete spent, on average, seven hours a day on transporting themselves and their goods, a figure which seemed extreme but which has also been obtained in surveys in other rural areas in Africa Interesting facts regarding transport were found; 95% was on foot 80% was within the locality: and 70% was related to the collect on of water and firewood and travelling to gunning millsSection C Having determined the main transport needs, possible solutions were identified which might reduce the time and burden During Phase II from January to February 1991, a number of approaches were implemented in an effort to improve mobility and access to transport An improvement of the rotted network was considered necessary to ensure the import and export of goods to the distinct These improvements were carried out using methods that were heavily dependent on labour In addition to the improvement of roads, these methods provided training in the operation of a mechanical workshop and bus and truck services Hoverer the difference from the conventional approach was that this time consideration was given to local transport needs outside the road network Most goods were transported along the paths that provide short-cuts up and down the hillsides, but the paths were a real safety ask and made the journey on foot even more arduous It made sense to improve the paths by building steps, handrails and footbridges It was uncommon to fixit means of transport that were more efficient than walking but less technologically advanced than motor vehicles The use of bicycles was constrained by their high cost and the lack of available spare parts Oxen were not used at all but donkeys were used by a few households in the northern part of the district MIRTP focused on what would VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí be most appropriate for the inhabitants of Makete in terms of what was available, how much they could afford and what they are willing to accept After careful consideration, the project chose the promotion of donkeys – a donkey costs less than a bicycle – and the introduction of a locally manufacturability wheelbarrow Section D At the end of Phase II, it was dear that the selected approaches to Makete’s transport problems had had different degrees of success Phase III from March 1991 to March 1993, focused on the refinement and must of these activities The road improvements and accompanying maintenance system had helped make the district centre accessible throughout the year Essential goods from outside the district had become more readily available at the market and prices did not fluctuate as much as they had done before Paths and secondary roads were improved only at the request of communist who were willing to participate in construction and maintenance However, the improved paths impressed the inhabitants, and requests for assistance greatly increased soon after only a few improvements had been completed The efforts to improve the efficiency of the existing transport services were not very successful because most of the motorised vehicles in the district broke down and there were no resources to repair, them Even the introduction of low-cost means of transport was difficult because of the general poverty of the district The locally manufactured wheelbarrows were still too expensive for all but a few of the households Modifications to the original design by local carpenters cut- production time and costs Other local carpenters have been trained in the new design So that they can respond to requests Nevertheless, a locally produced wooden wheelbarrow which costs around 500QTanzanian shillings (less VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí than US$20) in Makete, and is about one quarter the cost of a metal wheelbarrow, is still too expensive for most people Donkeys, which were imported to the district have become more common and contribute, in particular, to the transportation of crops and goods to market Those who have bought donkeys are mainly from richer households but with an increased supply through local breeding, donkeys should become more affordable Meanwhile, local initiatives are promoting the renting out of the existing donkeys It should be noted, however, that a donkey, which at 20,000 Tanzanian shillings costs less than a bicycle, is still an investment equal to an average household’s income over half a year This dearly illustrates the need for supplementary measures if one wants to assist the rural poor Section E It would have been easy to criticize the MIRTP for using in the early phases atop-down’ approach, in which decisions were made by experts and officials before being handed down to communities, but it was necessary to start the process from the level of the governmental authorities of the district It would have been, difficult to respond to the requests of villagers and other rural inhabitants without the support and understanding of district authorities Section F Today, nobody in the district argues about, the importance of improved paths and inexpensive means of transport But this is the result of dedicated work over a long penned particularly from the officers in charge of community development They played an essential role in raising awareness and interest among the rural communities VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí The concept of integrated rural transport is now well established in Tanzania, where a major program of rural transport is just about to start The experiences from Makete will help in this initiative, and Makete Distinct will act as a reference for future work Questions 27-30 Reading Passage has six sections, A-F Choose the correct heading for sections B, C, E and F from the list of headings below Write the correct number, i-xi, in boxes 27-30 on your answer sheet List of Headings i MIRTP as a future model ii Identifying the main transport problems iii Preference for motorised vehicles iv Government Authrities’ instructions v Initial improvements in mobility and transport modes vi Request for improves transport in Makete vii Transport improvements in the northern part of the district viii Improvements in the rail network ix Effects of initial MIRTP measures x Co-operation of district officials xi Role of wheelbarrows and donkeys _ Example Section A 27 Section B 28 Section C Answer vi VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí Example Answer Section D ix 29 Section E 30 Section F Questions 31-35 Do the following statements agree with the claims of the writer in reading passage 154? In boxes 31-35 on your answer sheet write: YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this 31 MIRTP was divided into five phases 32 Prior to the start of the MIRTP the Makete district was almost inaccessible during the rainy reason 33 Phase I of MIRTP consisted of a survey of household expenditure on transport 34 The survey concluded that one-fifth or 20% of the household transport requirement as outside the local area 35 MIRTP hopes to improve the movements of goods from Makete district to the country’s capital Questions 36-39 Complete each sentence with the correct ending, A-J,below Write thecorrect letter, A-J,in boxes 36-39 on your answer sheet 36 Construction of footbridges, steps and handrails 37 Frequent breakdown of buses andtrucks in Makete 38 The improvement of secondary roads and paths 39 The isolation of Makete for part of the year VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí Question 40 Choose the correct letter.A, B, C or D Write the correct letter in box 40 on your answer sheet Which of the following phrases best describes the main aim of Reading Passage 3? A to suggest that projects such as MIRTP are needed in other countries B to describe how MIRTP was implemented and how successful it was C to examine how MIRTP promoted the use of donkeys D to warn that projects such as MIRTP are likely to have serious problems ANSWER KEY Passage 1D 2G 3C 4A 5B 6F Ingeo soya bean weaving 10 electronic components 11 battery 12 costumes 13 fragile 14 accessories/ handbags Passage 14 C 15 B 16 YES 17 NO 18 YES 19 YES 20 YES 21 NOT GIVEN 22 NO 23 YES 24 emotional/emotional problems VnDoc - Tải tài liệu, văn pháp luật, biểu mẫu miễn phí 25 headache / headaches 26 general ill health Passage 27 ii 28 v 29 x 30 i 31 NO 32 YES 33 NO 34 YES 35 NOT GIVEN 36 D 37 I 38 G 39 E 40 B Mời bạn đọc tham khảo thêm tài liệu Tiếng Anh lớp 12 đây: Bài tập Tiếng Anh lớp 12 theo Unit: https://vndoc.com/tieng-anh-lop-12 Bài tập Tiếng Anh lớp 12 nâng cao: https://vndoc.com/tieng-anh-pho-thong-lop-12 Bài tập trắc nghiệm trực tuyến Tiếng Anh lớp 12: https://vndoc.com/test/mon-tieng-anh-lop12 ... thêm tài liệu Tiếng Anh lớp 12 đây: Bài tập Tiếng Anh lớp 12 theo Unit: https://vndoc.com/tieng -anh- lop -12 Bài tập Tiếng Anh lớp 12 nâng cao: https://vndoc.com/tieng -anh- pho-thong-lop -12 Bài tập... https://vndoc.com/tieng -anh- pho-thong-lop -12 Bài tập trắc nghiệm trực tuyến Tiếng Anh lớp 12: https://vndoc.com/test/mon-tieng -anh- lop12 ... experts to rethink the strategy by which rural transport problems were to be tackled at the beginning of the 1980s A request for help in improving the availability of transport within the remote