tenses writing creative writing tasks

16 TENSES IN ENGLISH BE DONE BY; LENA MAFALDA SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE Generally, we use present tense to describe the present activities or to talk about routines or habits, Facts, generalizations and universal truths, Schedule ( Habits and routines, timetables, official meetings), Permanent situation, Events that are certain to happen, State verbs (e.g be, have, suppose, know) and Narrations, instructions or commentaries SENTENCE PATTERN Declarative/Positive (+) : S + V1 (s/es) + O + Adverb of time/place Negative (-) : S + DO/DOES NOT + V1 + O + Adverb of time/place Questions/interrogative : DO/DOES + S + V1 + O + Adverb of time/place? Short answer (+) : Yes, S + Do/does Short answer (-) : No, S + Do/does + not NOTES;  For the subject personal pronoun; I, You, He, They: DO and He/she/It: DOES  When the subjects are: I, You, We and They, we don’t need to add ‘S/ES’ to the end of the verbs  However to form the verb infinitive (V1) + S/Es) for the third singular personal pronouns (He, She, It), here are the ways: Generally, the verbs in present tense we add with ‘S’ Work – works read –reads Begin – begins Makes – makes sing – sings write – writes Become – becomes Look –looks shine – shines help – helps Walk –walks Keep – keeps speak – speaks eat – eats Sleep – sleeps Mean – means set –sets Sit – sits Visit – visits Meet – meets The verbs which ending with the letter “ch, o, s, sh, x, z” add with “-es” pass – passes go – goes Watch – watches Match – matches teach – teaches finish – finishes Touch – Touches Miss – misses reach – reaches wish –wishes Relax – relaxes Catch – catches fix – fixes discuss – discusses Wash – washes Fish – fishes – does kiss – kisses Puss – pusses Express – expresses The verbs which ending with the letter “-y” and begin with a consonant, we change “-y” to “-i” and then add with “-es” study –studies worry – worries Dry – dries Fry – fries carry – carries Vary – varies reply – replies   fly – flies Identify – identifies cry – cries   The verbs which ending with the letter “-y” and begin with a vowel, we just add with ‘S’ to the end of the verbs lay – lays Enjoy – enjoys play – plays Destroy – destroys buy – buys Slay – slays say –says Pay – pays If the verbs in simple present begin with the modal verbs, we don’t need to add with ‘S/ES’ can open must work Must must go close can read The Present Simple is often used with the frequency adverbs: Always Nowadays From time to time Frequently/o Never ften Every now and then Usually Regularly Every week/year Seldom/rarel Sometimes/occasionally y Often EXAMPLE Declarative/Positive (+) : I eat corn every Monday Negative (-) : I not (don’t) eat corn every Monday Questions/interrogative : Do I eat corn every Monday? Short answer (+) : Yes, you // Short answer (-) : No, you not (don’t)   Declarative/Positive (+) : You eat corn every Monday Negative (-) : You not (don’t) eat corn every Monday Questions/interrogative : Do you eat corn every Monday? Short answer (+) : Yes, I //    Short answer (-) : No, I not (don’t) SIMPLE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE There are two main uses for the present continuous tense It is used: to talk about ideas that are happening at the moment of speaking (in the present) and to express a future arrangement between people It usually refers to the near Future SENTENCE PATTERN Declarative/Positive (+) : S + AM/IS/ARE +Ving + O + Adverb of time/place Negative (-) Questions/interrogative : S + AM/IS/ARE + NOT + Ving + O + Ad of time/place : AM/IS/ARE + S + Ving + O + Ad of time/place? Short answer (+) : Yes, S + AM/IS/ARE Short answer (-) : No, S + AM/IS/ARE/ not NOTE;  The way to use auxiliary verb (AM/IS/ARE):  Subject; I = Am  You/we/they = Are  He/She/It = Is   The way to form the verb in present participle or V1+ing If the word ends in –e, drop the –e and add –ing Ex; hope = hoping, date = dating, injure = injuring, etc   Verbs that end in a vowel and a consonant, add the ending letter (double), and add –ing One syllable: Ex; stop = stopping, beg = begging, rob = robbing, etc (1 vowel = consonants) Ex; rain = raining, fool = fooling, dream = dreaming, etc (2 vowel = consonants) Two syllable: Ex; listen = listening, open = opening, etc (1 st syllable stressed) Ex; begin = beginning, control = controlling, etc (2 nd syllable stressed) Verbs that end in two consonants, just add the –ing to the ending Ex; start = starting, fold = folding, demand = demanding, etc   Verbs that end –y, if –y preceded by a vowel/consonant, keep the –y Ex; enjoy = enjoying, buy = buying, pray = praying, studying, trying, replying, etc   Verbs that end in –ie, change –ie to –y and add with –ing Ex; die = dying, lie = lying, tie = tying, etc Time expressions: At the time of speaking Now At the Future actions   This afternoon In numbers   (days) In numbers Tomorrow moment At this time (weeks)   Later In numbers (months) EXAMPLE Declarative/Positive (+) : We are studying English grammar at the moment Negative (-) : We are not studying English grammar at the moment Questions/interrogative : Are we studying English grammar at the moment? Short answer (+) : Yes, we are // Short answer (-) : No, we are not (aren’t)   Declarative/Positive (+) : Valeria is visiting her cousins this weekend Negative (-) : Valeria is not visiting her cousins this weekend Questions/interrogative : Is Valeria visiting her cousins this weekend? Short answer (+) : Yes, she is   // Short answer (-) : No, she is not (isn’t)