Lecture Intermediate Accounting (13th edition) - Chapter 17: Investments

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Lecture Intermediate Accounting (13th edition) - Chapter 17: Investments

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After completing this chapter you should be able to: Identify the three categories of debt securities and describe the accounting and reporting treatment for each category, understand the procedures for discount and premium amortization on bond investments, identify the categories of equity securities and describe the accounting and reporting treatment for each category,...

Chapter 17-1 CHAPTER 17 INVESTMENTS Intermediate Accounting 13th Edition Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield  Chapter 17-2 Learning Objectives Learning Objectives Identify the three categories of debt securities and describe the accounting and reporting treatment for  each category Understand the procedures for discount and premium amortization on bond investments Identify the categories of equity securities and describe the accounting and reporting treatment for  each category Explain the equity method of accounting and compare it to the fair value method for equity securities Describe the accounting for the fair value option Discuss the accounting for impairments of debt and equity investments Explain why companies report reclassification adjustments Describe the accounting for transfer of investment securities between categories Chapter 17-3 Investments Investments Investments in Debt Securities Investments in Equity Securities Other Reporting Issues Held-to-maturity securities Holdings of less than 20% Impairment of value Available-for-sale securities Holdings between 20% and 50% Trading securities Holdings of more than 50% Fair value option Reclassification adjustments Transfers between categories Fair value controversy Summary Chapter 17-4 Investment Accounting Approaches Investment Accounting Approaches Different motivations for investing: To earn a high rate of return To secure certain operating or financing arrangements with  another company Chapter 17-5 Investment Accounting Approaches Investment Accounting Approaches Companies account for investments based on  the type of security (debt or equity) and   their intent with respect to the investment Illustration 17­1 Chapter 17-6 Investments in Debt Securities Investments in Debt Securities Debt securities (creditor relationship): Type Accounting Category U.S. government  securities Held­to­maturity Municipal securities  Trading Corporate bonds Available­for­sale Convertible debt Commercial paper Chapter 17-7 LO 1 Identify the three categories of debt securities and describe the accounting and  reporting treatment for each category Investments in Debt Securities Investments in Debt Securities Accounting for Debt Securities by Category Illustration 17­2 Chapter 17-8 LO 1 Identify the three categories of debt securities and describe the accounting and  reporting treatment for each category Held­to­Maturity Securities Held­to­Maturity Securities Classify a debt security as held­to­maturity only if it has both  (1) the positive intent and  (2) the ability to hold securities to maturity Accounted for at amortized cost, not fair value Amortize premium or discount using the effective­interest method  unless the straight­line method yields a similar result Chapter 17-9 LO 2 Understand the procedures for discount and premium  amortization on bond investments Held­to­Maturity Securities Held­to­Maturity Securities Illustration:  KC Company purchased $100,000 of 8 percent bonds of  Evermaster Corporation on January 1, 2009, at a discount, paying $92,278.  The bonds mature January 1, 2014 and yield 10%; interest is payable each July  1 and January 1.  KC records the investment as follows: January 1, 2009 Held­to­Maturity Securities  Cash  Chapter 17-10 92,278 92,278 LO 2 Understand the procedures for discount and premium  amortization on bond investments Qualifying Hedge Criteria Criteria that hedging transactions must meet before requiring the special  accounting for hedges Documentation, risk management, and designation Effectiveness of the hedging relationship Effect on reported earnings of changes in fair values or cash flows Chapter 17-103 LO 14   Identify special reporting issues related to derivative  instruments that cause unique accounting problems financial  Summary of Derivative Accounting under GAAP Illustration 17A­8 Chapter 17-104 LO 14   Identify special reporting issues related to derivative  instruments that cause unique accounting problems financial  What About GAAP? Two models for consolidation: Voting­interest model—If a company owns more than 50 percent  of another company, then consolidate in most cases Risk­and­reward model—If a company is involved substantially  in the economics of another company, then consolidate Chapter 17-105 LO 15   Describe the accounting for the variable­interest entitles Consolidation of Variable­Interest Entities A variable­interest entity (VIE) is an entity that has one of the  following characteristics: Insufficient equity investment at risk.  Stockholders lack decision­making rights.  Stockholders do not absorb the losses or receive the benefits of a  normal stockholder Chapter 17-106 LO 15   Describe the accounting for the variable­interest entitles Illustration 17B­1 VIE  Consolidation  Model Chapter 17-107 LO 15   Describe the accounting for the variable­interest entitles What Is Happening in Practice? One study of 509 companies with total market  values over $500 million found that just 17  percent of the companies reviewed have a  material impact Chapter 17-108 LO 15   Describe the accounting for the variable­interest entitles FASB believes that fair value information is relevant for making  effective business decisions.  Others express concern about fair value  measurements for two reasons:  the lack of reliability related to the fair value measurement in  certain cases, and  the ability to manipulate fair value measurements Chapter 17-109 Disclosure of Fair Value Information: Financial  Instruments—No Fair Value Option Both the cost and the fair value of all financial instruments are to be reported in  the notes to the financial statements FASB also decided that companies should disclose information that enables  users to determine the extent of usage of fair value and the inputs used to  implement fair value measurement Chapter 17-110 Disclosure of Fair Value Information: Financial  Instruments—No Fair Value Option Two reasons for additional disclosure beyond the simple itemization of fair  values are: Differing levels of reliability exist in the measurement of fair value  information Changes in the fair value of financial instruments are reported differently  in the financial statements, depending upon the type of financial  instrument involved and whether the fair value option is employed Chapter 17-111 Levels of reliability fair value hierarchy.   Level 1 is the most reliable measurement because fair value is based on quoted  prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.   Level 2 is less reliable; it is not based on quoted market prices for identical  assets and liabilities but instead may be based on similar assets or liabilities  Level 3 is least reliable; it uses unobservable inputs that reflect the company’s  assumption as to the value of the financial instrument Chapter 17-112 Example of Fair Value Hierarchy Illustration 17C­1 Chapter 17-113 Reconciliation of  Level 3 Inputs Chapter 17-114 Illustration 17C­2 Disclosure of Fair Value Information: Financial  Instruments—Fair Value Option Illustration 17C­3 Disclosure of Fair  Value Option Chapter 17-115 Disclosure of Fair Values: Impaired Assets or  Liabilities Disclosure of Fair  Value with  Impairment Chapter 17-116 Illustration 17C­4 Copyright Copyright Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or  translation of this work beyond that permitted in Section 117 of the 1976 United  States Copyright Act without the express written permission of the copyright owner  is unlawful. Request for further information should be addressed to the Permissions  Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser may make back­up copies for  his/her own use only and not for distribution or resale. The Publisher assumes no  responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages, caused by the use of these programs  or from the use of the information contained herein Chapter 17-117 ... Describe the? ?accounting? ?for transfer of investment securities between categories Chapter 1 7-3 Investments Investments Investments in Debt Securities Investments in Equity Securities Other Reporting Issues Held-to-maturity securities Holdings.. .CHAPTER 17 INVESTMENTS Intermediate? ?Accounting 13th Edition Kieso, Weygandt, and Warfield  Chapter 1 7-2 Learning Objectives Learning Objectives Identify the three categories of debt securities and describe the? ?accounting? ?and reporting treatment for ... LO 3 Identify the categories of equity securities and describe the? ?accounting? ?and  reporting treatment for each category Investments? ?in Equity Securities Investments? ?in Equity Securities Accounting? ?and Reporting for Equity Securities by Category Chapter 1 7-3 7

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