Domestic violence has been a serious problem in Vietnamese society, causing serious consequences for society, seriously violating human rights. Children, who are restricted in self-defense, physically and mentally vulnerable are one of the most severely affected subjects. Therefore, the prevention and control of domestic violence are very important activities in protecting human rights in general and in protecting children in particular. In doing so, the first thing is to change children’s perceptions of domestic violence and to protect themselves against domestic violence.
HNUE JOURNAL OF SCIENCE Educational Sciences, 2020, Volume 64, Issue 4B, pp 22-30 This paper is available online at http://stdb.hnue.edu.vn DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND EDUCATION ON DOMESTIC VIOLENCE PREVENTION AND CONTROL FOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS Pham Ngoc Trang1 and Dang Thi Quyen2 Faculty of Politic Theory and Civic Education, Hanoi National University of Education Vietnam Inland Waterways Administration Abstract Domestic violence has been a serious problem in Vietnamese society, causing serious consequences for society, seriously violating human rights Children, who are restricted in self-defense, physically and mentally vulnerable are one of the most severely affected subjects Therefore, the prevention and control of domestic violence are very important activities in protecting human rights in general and in protecting children in particular In doing so, the first thing is to change children’s perceptions of domestic violence and to protect themselves against domestic violence This action must start from education of their family and society which is more important and needed than the education from the school Education against domestic violence in the secondary education program is an activity aimed at equipping basic knowledge on human rights, prevention and control of domestic violence for children through forms, content and age-appropriate training methodologies in order to create the necessary skills on respect, protection and purposes of human rights However, this activity in schools is primarily primitive; not really appreciating the value of human rights in social life Accordingly, the article provides some recommendations to improve the efficiency and reality of this activity Keywords: Domestic violence, Human rights, Prevention of and Control of Domestic violence, Education about prevention of domestic violence, Protect children Introduction Domestic violence has been causing serious consequences such as violating human rights, harming individuals’ health, self – esteem, honor, dignity and life, threatening families’ security and quality of life, causing social pain In Vietnam, the Government has recently paid much attention to the prevention and control of domestic violence and issued many direct and indirect laws such as the Constitution, the Law on Marriage and Family Law, Law on Protection, Care and Education of Children, Civil Code, Law on Prevention and Control of Domestic Violence However, the reality of the law on prevention and control of domestic violence is still limited The family force remains complicated in many sophisticated forms affecting the family and inadequate and ineffective enforcement of domestic violence laws According to the statistics of the Family Department, Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, among the detected domestic violence cases, more than 74% victims are female and around 11% of children In particular, about 58% married women said that their lives have undergone at least one of three types of violence: physical, sexual, emotional According to the Received April 11, 2020 Revised April 24, 2020 Accepted May 15, 2020 Contact Pham Ngoc Trang, e-mail address: trng90@gmail.com 22 Domestic violence and education on domestic violence prevention and control for secondary school students survey by the Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences, the proportion of mental violence is 47.2%, physical violence is 7.3%, and sexual violence is 4.2%, economic violence is 1.8% The violence towards senior citizens has tended upwards over recent years with the most common forms of violence such as rudeness, insults, humiliation For children, the main cause often originates from the conflicts between parents and their children, such as children’s disobedience, mischief, or their fighting against the rules set by adults [1] There are many new heart-breaking cases appearing on a daily newspaper about domestic violence Domestic violence in Viet Nam appears in many forms, regardless of the difference in age, gender, class, religion or ethnicity Domestic violence has become the primary cause of harms towards the mental health and the affection of women, children and the elderly, and has been a gross violation of human rights Therefore, propaganda and education to raise awareness in each family, especially the coordination between schools and residential areas where children live, will create a significant effect on reducing risks and consequences caused by domestic violence, supporting and protecting children - those who are adversely affected by domestic violence.So far, many Vietnamese and foreign studies have mentioned domestic violence and prevention of domestic violence against children They include: Do Hong Ha, Le Thi Mai Hoa, Phan Minh Chieu (2017), Questions and answers about domestic violence and child abuse prevention, Labor Publishing House [2]; Nguyen Thi Kim Phung (2009), Overview of violence and violence law against women and children, Journal of Law [3]; Nguyen Dinh Tho (2011), Understanding and implementing laws against domestic violence, Publishing House Justice, Hanoi [4] These studies rarely address issues of domestic violence prevention through education There is no scientific research about “Domestic violence and education on domestic violence prevention and control for children in school” Therefore, it is necessary to provide a perspective on domestic violence prevention and control through educational activities for children at the secondary level Content Domestic violence is one of the major issues that need to be addressed in order to ensure comprehensive enforcement of human rights So far, depending on each aspects of research, there have been many different views as well as other understandings about domestic violence From a gender perspective: according to the United Nations Population Fund, gender-based violence is the violence between men and women, of which women are victims This type of violence originates from the inequality between their relationships Violence is usually directed against women, or it affects mainly women Gender-based violence consists of physical, psychological and sexual injuries (including the threat of pain suffering, coercion or deprivation of liberty that occurs in the family or in the community) but it is not restricted in these forms [5] In the spirit of the 2006 Gender Equality Law, domestic violence is also known as “gender discrimination, that is the restriction, exclusion, non-recognition or disregard of the roles and positions of men and women, inducing inequality between men and women in the fields of social and family life” [6] In short, domestic violence is the behavior of family members interdependent with each other on the basis of gender, expressed in certain forms, capable of causing or threatening to cause certain physical, mental, economic deprivation or restricting the liberty of other members From a social perspective: the majority of people not have a thorough and accurate understanding of domestic violence Most people think that only acts of beating and injuring, which drives victims to injury or death will be considered domestic violence Accordingly, domestic violence is the act of using force or threatening to force against another person who have a relationship in marriage, bloodline or relationship, causing or threatening physical, mental and economical harms to those people This way of understanding only shows small perspective at an 23 Pham Ngoc Trang and Dang Thi Quyen angle of domestic violence as there is direct damage to the health and life of the victims Actions of mental and economic violence have not been properly assessed From a legal perspective: according to Clause 2, Article of the Law on Domestic Violence Prevention and Control 2007: “Domestic violence is an intentional act of family members to harm or possibly harm physically, mentally and economically to other family members” Thus, the concept of domestic violence is closely related to family members because domestic violence is an act that only occurs among people who are members of the same family They are: wife, husband; natural parents, adoptive parents, stepfather, stepmother, parents-in-law; natural children, adopted children, step children of spouse, daughter-in-law and son-in-law; brothers, sisters of the same parents or brothers, sisters of different parents , brothers-in-law, , sisters-inlaw of the same parents or with different parents, with different mothers; paternal grandparents, maternal grandparents; grandchildren; aunts, uncles, nieces and nephews [7] Although there are many views on domestic violence, they agree on the same point that domestic violence is the use of power to solve family problems Domestic violence must be an intentional act between family members, resulting in harm or potentially causing physical, mental and economic damage to other family members Behaviors of domestic violence can be expressed in the form of actions such as: abuse, mistreatment, beatings or non-actions The object of domestic violence can be anyone, including men, but it is often a weak, vulnerable member and in most cases women, the elderly and children Especially for children, violence seriously affects their formation of personalities, restricts their opportunities to have a normal life and their future 2.2 Forms and effects of domestic violence on children Referring to victims of violence in general and domestic violence in particular, children are always the top concerns because their “special” dependence on their mother as well as their ability to protect themselves is relatively restrictive and children are the weakest and most vulnerable group in the family Their pain and disadvantage affect not only their present but also their future, development and even negatively shapes their personality According to statistics of the Department of Family, Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, in the period 2011-2015, there are approximately 64 women, 10 children and elderly people who are the victims of domestic violence each day in Vietnam Of the total of 157,859 cases of domestic violence has been detected during this time, in which female victims (aged 1659) accounted for 117,206 cases (74.24%), 17,586 cases were children (11.14%) and 14,017 cases were elderly people (8.91%) [8] Violence in the family is due to the violent behavior of some members against other members, but with the attitude of “Compassion for the whip”, coming from the love of grandparents and parents They still consider beating their children properly (hitting “safe” positions such as buttocks, legs, arms) as their right, to “educate” them when they are disobedient, to want them better However, in fact, we have witnessed many cases of children being beaten anywhere, with whatever weapons they have in their hands, despite not taking their lives Those actions will cause children to be disabled Strikes, angry gazes will be deeply rooted in the mental and emotional life of children and hurt the relationship between children and their parents In other cases, desperate parents want to commit suicide and they also tried to force their children to die For example, a recent incident in Tuyen Quang province as the husband as well as the father, because of the incompatibility between him and his wife in comparison with Mr N 's jealousy, forced his two children to hang themselves In this situation, young children not have a little self-defense ability, and yet they have to pay dearly for the problems of the adult Thus, domestic violence not only threatens children’s lives, physical and psychological development, but also their survival [9] 24 Domestic violence and education on domestic violence prevention and control for secondary school students Human personality is formed during the progress their body develops and completes When children live in a peaceful family, they will develop well, physically and mentally On the contrary, as living in a violent environment, children cannot avoid being exposed to, acquainted with and infected with the bad lifestyle Children are like blank pages where when adults draw good things, they will become healthy green sprouts, when adults draw bad things, dirty words, they will become barren saplings Everything that happens in children’s childhood, we think it will go by quickly but it leaves an indelible mark on their mind When they grow up, these things are easy to repeat People who have been abused when they were little, they easily repeats violence against the next generation Thus, to some extent, violence can create a myriad of generations of victims Approaching to the media, we know the stories about the lives of many children who have been scolded by adults, brutally abused, which makes them become dull, lack of education, or fear, lack of confidence The children cannot stand the forms of domestic violence but as leaving the family they gradually become quiet, shy, and alienated from everyone and filled with selfconscious Domestic violence not only causes serious injuries but also adversely affects the morale of children, causing them to be depressed and even suffer from neurological diseases [10] In general, this is a consequence of psychological trauma caused by domestic violence, children with psychological trauma are more evasive, passive, and passive behaviors with family relationships than usual This result is worrisome because even when living in a family, children not feel the love and care of their parents or are constantly tormented by the witness of dissonance and incomplete circumstances This will leave a lot of consequences for the young psychological development [11] More dangerous, the life away from the family of children born and raised from domestic violence makes them more vulnerable to social evils The existences of depraved cultural products such as violence, drugs, prostitution are “temptations” for vulnerable and feeble children They not have enough energy and reason to protect themselves In particular, domestic violence has turned many gentle children into violent ones, even turned them into “child” criminals According to a study by the Ministry of Public Security, the majority of young offenders have grown up from families who are not in harmony and must be familiar with seeing scenes of violence within their own families: 8% of offenders have divorced parents, 49% complained about their parents' treatment According to survey data of 2,209 students in reformatory schools, up to 49.81% of these live in the shabby, cruel and brutal treatment of their parents The number of children beaten by their fathers accounts for 23% (6 times that of mothers beating); to be beaten by stepmothers, stepfathers accounted for 20.3% [12] Thus, domestic violence not only causes negative consequences in today’s society but also for the future when more and more children are physically and mentally hurt Domestic violence is not only a whip on the skin, it does not stop at the coldness and carelessness of the adults in the circle of life, nor is it just the deprivation of life; domestic violence also happens in the form of sexual abuse from family members towards children, especially girls The typical cases such as stepfather, father, uncle, grandfather “raping” his daughters or nieces are happening more and more, but there is less analysis of the cause and the nature of the incident as well Perhaps, it is a form of domestic violence that people are not fully aware of, not really take proper care of it, so when it happens, they often not think it is a violent act to condemn, denounce Because of the mindset of embarrassment and shame of Asians which are not used to talking about sex, mostly children have not been instructed and educated on gender issues, sexual health, and reproduction health to be able to protect themselves Another form of domestic violence is happening to children in almost every family, but it is rarely mentioned when referring to domestic violence - Violence in forcing children to study, mature according to the framework, parents' wishes “Achievement disease”, hope for deposit, 25 Pham Ngoc Trang and Dang Thi Quyen unconditional loves are turning the parents more “authoritarian” in educating their children They want their children to study well, to choose a school, a career of their own wishes However, parents forget that their childhoods need to be loved, freely discovered, and entitled to love and to choose career based on their abilities The products of this form of violence are generations of children who are emotionless, live and work like robots, are easily bored, negative and fall behind when they leave their parents Domestic violence is a serious social issue that has many grave consequences, first of all violating the rights of human, honor, dignity and life of every individual, especially women and girls Domestic violence undermines traditional values, adversely affects the learning environment of the generation, and affects the healthy safety of the community and social order 2.3 The cause of domestic violence Domestic violence can originate from many causes, but perhaps, the first reason that needs to be identified is the perception of each person The thought of “respect the men and disrespect men”, the patriarch, the mindset of “giving love to the whip”, the thought of “teaching children from the beginning of childhood”, the thought of “imposing” are ingrained in the thought of many people from generation to generation; psychology “good showing bad cover”, avoid “wash one's dirty linen in public”, lack of awareness and understanding of laws are increasing the level of domestic violence, especially in rural areas The second reason that needs to mention is the lack of economy, difficult economy creates pressure, stress, destitution in the family Thereby, it easily leads to social evils such as alcohol, gambling and also lead to domestic violence Another cause that also needs to mention is the attitude of the society, the legal sanctions are not strong enough to deter, the indifference of those around the family violence family as an “invisible stick” to support the maintenance of Domestic violence in society 2.4 Prevention of and Control of Domestic Violence Domestic violence prevention is the implementation of activities to change perceptions and behaviors towards domestic violence, contributing to the elimination of domestic violence and raising public awareness of the cultural traditions of people and families in Vietnam The family is the home of every person, the cell of society, an important environment for forming, nurturing and educating the human personality “Children today, the world tomorrow”, therefore, it is essential to prevent domestic violence, especially to minimize the impact of domestic violence on children In recent years, our Party and State have issued many documents to promote the work of building and developing families in the period of renovation without violence, such as: The 2013 Constitution; Directive No 49/CT-TW of February 21st, 2005 of the Party Central Committee's Secretariat on family building in the period of industrialization and modernization; The Politburo's Resolution No 48/NQ-TW of May 24th, 2005, on the strategy to build and complete the Vietnamese legal system, including the law on population, family, children and social policy, Criminal Code 2015, Law on Child Protection, Care and Education 2004; Law on Marriage and Family 2014, Law on Handling Administrative Violations 2012, Law on Gender Equality 2006, Vietnam Family Development Strategy to 2020, Vision 2030 of the Government issued on May 29th, 2012; Decision No 215/QD-TTg dated on February 6th, 2014 of the Prime Minister approving the National Action Plan on Domestic Violence Prevention and Control until 2020 and especially the Law on Prevention and Control of Domestic Violence 2007, Directive No 16/2008/CT-TTg dated May 30th, 2008 of the Prime Minister on the implementation of the Law on Domestic Violence Prevention and Control, Decree No 08/2009/ND-CP dated February 4th, 2009 detailing and guiding the implementation of a number of articles of the Law on Prevention 26 Domestic violence and education on domestic violence prevention and control for secondary school students and Control of Domestic Violence These documents are the basic legal system to protect people from domestic violence, which have highlighted the basic purpose of domestic violence prevention and control, raising awareness of the role, position and responsibility of the family and the community in the implementation of good undertakings, guidelines, policies and laws on marriage and family; gender equality; prevent and combat domestic violence, prevent social evils from penetrating the family, and build a non-violence family, meeting the requirements of the country's industrialization and modernization In particular, in order to prevent and combat domestic violence from the foundation, in order to change the perceptions of each person, education about domestic violence prevention and control for children while they still go to school is very necessary Accordingly, in September 2017, the Prime Minister approved the Project of including human rights content in the educational program in the national education system from preschool to university Therein, the goal of the Project is to 2025, 100% of educational institutions in the national education system organize human rights education [13], which will help children to be aware of their basic rights and gradually know the way how to protect themselves against violations of domestic violence in particular and of other acts in general to the human rights they are protected 2.5 Education about prevention of domestic violence in secondary school education 2.5.1 Purpose and role of secondary education Nelson Mandela, President of South Africa, used to state that: Education is the most powerful weapon you can use to change the world Therefore, education is one of the most effective tools to lead people to understandings, exploring the world and changing themselves People through education will comprehend knowledge, increase understandings, change perceptions and behaviors in accordance with the change of reality Therefore, to prevent and combat domestic violence, it is necessary to ask for the help of education Human rights education in general, education on domestic violence prevention and control in particular for children is a purpose-oriented, organized and planned activity to equip basic knowledge on human rights and preventing, combating domestic violence for children through appropriate age-specific forms, contents and methods to form habits, experiences and necessary skills on respect, protection and use of children's rights people, sense of responsibility towards the community and society In particular, for children of lower secondary education age (including those aged 11-15 years) – the age has a special place in the development process of children Firstly, this is the transitional period from childhood to school age, the period of childhood at the “crossroads” of development In which, there are many possibilities, many options, many paths for each child to become an individual In this period, if development is properly oriented and facilitated, children will become successful individuals and good citizens On the contrary, if not properly oriented, affected by negative factors, there will be a series of risks leading children to the edge of the development of cognitive, attitudes, behavior and personality development Secondly, the period in which children’s social activeness is strongly developed, especially in establishing equal relationships with adults and peers, in acquiring social norms and values society, design your own future and corresponding individual action plans Thirdly, during the period of adolescence, reconstruction, reorganization, formation of new physical, physiological structures, activities, social and psychological interactions, personality, appear new element of maturity From there, it forms the basis and direction for the true maturity of the individual, creating the unique characteristics of the age group Fourthly, adolescence is a difficult, complex and contradictory stage in the development process The complexity manifests itself in the duality of the child’s developmental perspective 27 Pham Ngoc Trang and Dang Thi Quyen On the one hand, there are weak organizational factors that promote the development of adult character On the other hand, their life circumstances have factors that inhibit adult development [14] 2.5.2 Educational content In order to prevent and combat domestic violence effectively, education needs to help learners comprehend that, in terms of human rights, domestic violence severely violates equality rights without discrimination; the right to protect someone's life, honor and dignity; the right to health care, and to have implications for all other basic human rights Firstly, domestic violence violates equality rights without discrimination between people, especially women and girls Secondly, domestic violence severely violates the right to life Thirdly, domestic violence severely violates the rights to protection, the lives and dignity of the victims Prevention and control of domestic violence is synonymous with the respect of human rights Practicing domestic violence prevention will contribute to building a happy family because then, the violator understands that if there are violent acts against family members, it will be against the law… In the traditional Vietnamese family, the meaning of the relationship is highly appreciated A happy family is a family where every member lives happily, warmly, loves and has a sense of responsibility to each other, takes care of each other and when necessary, knows how to sacrifice for each other, to yield to each other, to always create an warm, convenient atmosphere in the family 2.5.3 Methods of education - Direct education: is the construction of subjects with direct education content on domestic violence prevention, however, currently, in Vietnam, this method has not been applied, the system of subjects has not been recorded any subject on domestic violence prevention - Indirect education is the adoption of other subjects to conduct education on human rights in general and domestic violence prevention and control in particular This content of education is mainly accompanied and integrated in subjects of social sciences, especially Literature, History, Ethics or Citizens' Education In which, literature focusing on educating human rights under a humanitarian perspective, poised through ideas in famous literary works, in accordance with it, the contents of human rights educated here are mainly the right to life, the life to freedom, the right to equality, the right to happiness, etc Thus, education of human rights in literature is more about emotional awareness education, however, in reality the socio-economic life, students need to be equipped with theoretical and scientific perceptions to apply and practice Therefore, civic education is a highly recommended subject in the education of human rights Civic education (known as Ethics at the elementary level, Citizens' education at lower secondary, and Economic and legal education at upper secondary) play a key role in helping students to form, develop awareness and behavior of citizens Through lessons on lifestyle, morality, law, economics, civic education contributes to fostering students' core qualities and competencies of citizens, especially sentiments, beliefs, perceptions, behaviors in accordance with ethical standards and regulations of the law, having life skills and learning skills, including know how to protect themselves from domestic violence and moreover, know how to prevent domestic violence 2.5.4 Some difficulties and obstacles in education Basically, the education of human rights in general and the prevention of domestic violence in particular in schools are primarily primitive, not really giving a comprehensive, insightful view and appreciating the value of domestic violence prevention and control in social life and in the rule of law state The cause of this can be seen as following problems: - The content of education is still limited, not really diverse, focusing mainly on political and social rights Human rights themselves, when brought into education, are only general in nature, 28 Domestic violence and education on domestic violence prevention and control for secondary school students and not really indicate the nature, content and meaning of rights as well as legal recognition of these rights It has not highlighted the need to prevent domestic violence in protecting human rights - The integration of education on domestic violence prevention and control in other subjects does not really guarantee the amount of content and time of teaching in the education system - The educational method has not really caught the attention of students, it is still theoretical and passive - Teachers themselves have not received intensive training on human rights in general and domestic violence prevention and control particular, so knowledge is sometimes limited 2.5.5 Recommendations, suggestions Firstly, training, fostering and training for teachers on the content of domestic violence prevention and control In order to educate domestic violence prevention and control for junior high school students, first of all, it is necessary to raise the teachers' awareness on domestic violence prevention and control Teachers need to realize that domestic violence prevention and control is an activity to protect human rights without discrimination, color, ethnicity, religion, gender In addition to training and retraining in terms of knowledge, it is necessary to organize training courses and exchange experiences on educating domestic violence prevention and control for teachers Through training courses, teachers will be able to access and apply positive methods in educating domestic violence prevention and control to students At the same time, supplementing practical examples brought about by the effectiveness of domestic violence prevention, help teachers’ lecture more abundant and attract learners Secondly, the development and issuance of education materials for domestic violence prevention and control ensure the unity and harmony in the content of general education on human rights The general education program in our country is a concentric program aimed at the comprehensive development of people to meet social requirements The content of domestic violence prevention and control education is only a small part of education in human rights education Therefore, at each level of education, it is necessary to clearly define the necessary educational contents to ensure that it is suitable for students' perceptions and psychology, try not to avoid repetition in a simple and boring way If in primary and secondary education have mentioned equality content in human rights education, then high school needs to help students distinguish between substantive and formal equality The purpose is to help students to be able to realize and appreciate the values they are enjoying and the responsibilities of participating in domestic violence prevention and control Thirdly, students' awareness of domestic violence prevention and control through integration in teaching Society is increasingly growing, so people's awareness of all problems in life is also raised Therefore, people are increasingly aware of their dignity, concerned about their values in society Depending on their age, they have theoretical and ideological and independent thinking so they are able to face and evaluate practical problems The goal of integrated activities is to help students gradually gain knowledge about human rights in general, their own rights in particular and apply them to life Therefore, in the way of teaching, teachers need to help students become aware of the need to understand, must know about human rights to protect themselves and fight against acts of human rights infringement, struggle against domestic violence In this way, in the activities of integrating the education content of human rights, students have to be active, passionate, and inquisitive Fourthly, extracurricular activities should be supplemented to learn about domestic violence and prevention of domestic violence so that students can easily access and remember this educational content 29 Pham Ngoc Trang and Dang Thi Quyen Conclusions The family is the cell of society, is the cradle to nurture, is an important environment for forming and educating the personality of children The family plays a very indispensable role in the formation and development of society, contributing to building and exaggerating the national cultural identity; are the important factors that determine the country's rise Building a prosperous, equal, progressive and happy family is a part of building and defending the Fatherland, which is the responsibility of many branches, social organizations and the responsibility of every citizen Therefore, domestic violence prevention and control is an essential and meaningful activity in the common development of society, ensuring the civilization of mankind and human rights This is a long-term activity, requiring the attention of the whole society, a change, in awareness, thinking, and to be so, must start from comprehensive education REFERENCES [1] http://ifgs.vass.gov.vn/activity-news/Results-from-a-national-study-on-domestic-violenceagainst-Vietnamese-wome-100615.html [2] Do Hong Ha, Le Thi Mai Hoa, Phan Minh Chieu, 2017 Questions and answers about domestic violence and child abuse prevention, Labor Publishing House [3] Nguyen Thi Kim Phung, 2009 Overview of violence and violence law agains women and children, Journal of Law [4] Nguyen Dinh Tho, 2011, Understanding and implementing laws against domestic violence, Publishing House Justice, Hanoi [5] The United Nations Population Fund, 2014 From domestic violence to gender violence in Vietnam, United Nations Discussion Paper [6] Congress, 2019 Gender Equality Law National Political Publishing House [7] Clause 16, Article of the Law on Family Marriage 2014 stipulates that: “Family members include: wife, husband; natural parents, adoptive parents, stepfather, stepmother, parents-in-law; natural children, adopted children, step children of spouse, daughter-in-law and son-in-law; brothers, sisters of the same parents or brothers, sisters of different parents, brothers-in-law, sisters-in-law of the same parents or with different parents, with different mothers; paternal grandparents, maternal grandparents; grandchildren; aunts, uncles, nieces and nephews” [8] Statistics of Family Department, Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, http://knowledgevn.net/politic-and-society/domestic-violence-see-nothing-from-the-figure more-than-31-500-cases-a-year.html [9] Phung Thi An Na - Research Center for Gender and Women's Leadership, Ho Chi Minh National Political Academy, The role of the school in domestic violence prevention, http://mattranmagazine.vn/research/the-role-of-the school-in-preventing-domestic-violence-11082.html [10] http://www.mentalhealth.net/Psychological-practice/Domestic-violence-and-its-impact-onchildren’s-psychology-and-personality-437.html [11] Huynh Van Son, 2019 The psychological trauma behavioral expressions of children living in incomplete families towards family and social life, Journal of Science, Hanoi National University of Education No.7, pp 38-48 [12] https://communityservice.net/violence-againts-children-at-home-and-at-school [13] Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, 2017 Decision approving the project to integrate human rights content into the educational program in the national education system [14] Prime Minister of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, 2017 Decision approving the project to integrate human rights content into the educational program in the national education system, https://thelibraryoflaw.vn/document/Education/Decision-1309-QD-TTg-2017integrate-human-rights-content-into-the-educational-program-in-the-national-education 30 ... of articles of the Law on Prevention 26 Domestic violence and education on domestic violence prevention and control for secondary school students and Control of Domestic Violence These documents... ? ?Domestic violence and education on domestic violence prevention and control for children in school? ?? Therefore, it is necessary to provide a perspective on domestic violence prevention and control. .. survival [9] 24 Domestic violence and education on domestic violence prevention and control for secondary school students Human personality is formed during the progress their body develops and completes