Impact of belief and cognitive similarity in the innovation process at hanoi telecom joint stock company

ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI KHOA QUẢN TRỊ VÀ KINH DOANH - HOÀNG TẠ QUANG IMPACT OF BELIEF AND COGNITIVE SIMILARITY IN THE INNOVATION PROCESS AT HANOI TELECOM JOINT STOCK COMPANY TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA NIỀM TIN VÀ SỰ TƢƠNG ĐỒNG NHẬN THỨC TRONG QUÁ TRÌNH ĐỔI MỚI SÁNG TẠO TẠI CÔNG TY CỔ PHẦN VIỄN THÔNG HÀ NỘI LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ QUẢN TRỊ KINH DOANH HÀ NỘI - 2019 ĐẠI HỌC QUỐC GIA HÀ NỘI KHOA QUẢN TRỊ VÀ KINH DOANH - HOÀNG TẠ QUANG IMPACT OF BELIEF AND COGNITIVE SIMILARITY IN THE INNOVATION PROCESS AT HANOI TELECOM JOINT STOCK COMPANY TÁC ĐỘNG CỦA NIỀM TIN VÀ SỰ TƢƠNG ĐỒNG NHẬN THỨC TRONG QUÁ TRÌNH ĐỔI MỚI SÁNG TẠO TẠI CÔNG TY CỔ PHẦN VIỄN THÔNG HÀ NỘI Chuyên ngành: Quản trị kinh doanh Mã số: 60 34 01 02 LUẬN VĂN THẠC SĨ QUẢN TRỊ KINH DOANH NGƢỜI HƢỚNG DẪN KHOA HỌC: PGS.TS HỒNG ĐÌNH PHI HÀ NỘI - 2019 CAMPAIGNS I pledge that this is my own research The content referenced and used the documents, information posted on the works, journals and reports are fully annotated in the catalog reference of thesis Author Acknowledgement A completed study would not be done without any assistance Therefore, the author who conducted this research gratefully gives acknowledgement to their support and motivation during the time of doing this research as a requirement of completing my Thesis of Management Business Administration First of all, I would like to express my endless thanks and gratefulness to my supervisor Assoc.Prof.Doc.Hồng Đình Phi His kindly support and continuous advices went through the process of completion of my thesis His encouragement and comments had significantly enriched and improved my work Without his motivation and instructions, the thesis would have been impossible to be done effectively So far, I would like to thanks all Lectures in Hanoi School of Business and Management (HSB) where supported me all the time and help to complete my thesis My special thanks approve to my parents for their endless love, care and have most assistances and motivation me for the whole of my life As last, my deeply thanks come to all my friends in MBA13 during time I study in HSB Their kindly help, care, motivation gave me strength and lift me up all the trouble for the rest of my life Best Regards Author Hoàng Tạ Quang TABLE CONTENT LIST OF SHORT-CUT i LIST OF FIGURES ii INTRODUCTION .1 CHAPTER 1: THEORETICAL BASIS FOR THE IMPACTS OF BELIEFS, COGNITIVE SIMILARITIES IN THE INNOVATION PROCESS .12 1.1 Belief in Organization 12 1.1.1 Defination of Belief .12 1.1.2 Classify of Belief: 13 1.1.3 Role of belief in organization 14 1.2 Cognitive similarity 15 1.2.1 Defination of Cognitive Similarity 15 1.2.2 Role of Cognitive Similarity .15 1.3 Knowledge sharing 17 1.3.1 Defination of knowledge sharing .17 1.3.2 Classify of knowledge sharing 18 1.3.3 Role of knowledge sharing 19 1.4 Innovation 20 1.4.1 Define of Innovation 20 1.4.2 Classify of Innovation 22 1.4.3 Capacity of Innovation: .25 1.5 Basic theory and models of innovation capacity in enterprises 26 1.5.1 Jantunen (2005) 26 1.5.2 Tseng cộng (2011) .27 1.6 Method Research and Model Research of Thesis: .29 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND OF RESEARCH AT HANOI TELECOM JOINT STOCK COMPANY 34 2.1 General information 34 2.2 The importance of innovation in telecommunications business and the operation of Hanoi Telecom joint stock company: 35 2.2.1 The importance of innovation in telecommunications business activities: 35 2.2.2 Problems in innovation process at Hanoi Telecom joint stock company: 36 CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHOD 41 3.1 Reresearch process: 41 3.2 Questionaire and Builing Scale 42 3.2.1 Questionaire in Qualiative Method .42 3.2.2 Building scale 43 3.3 Samples Research: .46 3.3.1 Design Samples: 46 3.3.2 Collecting imformation: 46 3.3.3 Analyse documents: 46 CHAPTER 4: RESEARCH RESULT AND SUGGESTIONS 50 4.1 Reasearh result: 50 4.1.1 Descriptive statistics: 50 4.1.2 Evaluate the reliability of the scale: 52 4.1.3 Describe factor EFA: 53 4.1.4 Describe factor CFA: .55 4.1.5 Checking by SEM method: 56 4.2 Define the target in business: .57 4.3 Suggestions: .59 4.3.1 Building criteria for evaluating innovation activities: 59 4.3.2 Inceating quality of recruitment process: 60 4.3.3 Increate for knowledge sharing in organization: 61 CONCLUSION 64 REFERENCES 66 Appendix LIST OF SHORT-CUT Short-cut Content Amos20 Name of sorfware BCC Business Co-Operation Contract BL Belief CFA Confirmatory Factor Analysis CS Cogitive Similaty EFA Exploratory Factor Analysis FPT FPT Telecom Company HTC Hanoi Telecom Joint Stock Company IN Innovation KM Knowledge Management KS Knowledge Sharing MRV Multi Variate Regression PAF Principal Axis Factoring SEM Name of sorfware SMEs Small and Medium Enterprise SPP20 Name of sorfware Vietel Vietel Telecom Company VNĐ Viet nam đồng VNPT Vietnam Posts and Telecommunications Group i LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1.1: Research Model of Jantunen (2005) .27 Figure 1.2 : Research Model of Tseng and partners 28 Figure 1.3: Research Method of Author 29 Figure 1.4 : Scale structure of variables in the research model 30 Figure 3.1 : Research Process 41 Figure 3.2: Research Method of thesis 42 Figure 3.3 : Structure of Questionaire and Scale 43 Figure 3.4 : Questions of Belief 44 Figure 3.5 : Questions of Cognitive Similarity 44 Figure 3.6 : Questions of knowledge sharing 45 Figure 3.7 : Questions of Innovation 45 Figure 3.8: (Objective of Survey) .46 Figure 3.9: (EFA Table) 48 Figure 4.1: ( Ratio follow gender and Position ) .50 Figure 4.2: ( Ratio follow number of working year 50 Figure 4.3: (The average value of the observed variable) .51 Figure 4.4: The result of the research concepts 52 Figure 4.5: Result of checking factor EFA .53 Figure 4.6: Matrix rotating elements 54 Figure 4.7: Describe factor CFA .55 Figure 4.8: The model of the relationship between beliefs, cognitive similarities, knowledge sharing and innovation 56 Figure 4.9: Final result 57 Figure 4.10 : Evaluate Innovation Activities 60 ii INTRODUCTION Urgentcy of subject: In an international economic integration and the new industrial revolution, in order to survive and develop sustainably, the enterprises must bring the highest quality products or services at the most competitive price; whilst keep low cost as much as possible and find the way to eliminate their competitors To make it happend, the enterprises in general and SMEs in particular should make innovation performance efficiently and continously Innovation in business is the process of implement the new ideas, inventions or knowledge and handling it, so that a new commercial product or service will be launched The main characteristics of innovation are new, fresh, necessary and succesful result Innovation can be global, but rare and normally carry on in the local In practice, innovation creates the profit, but there are also many risks of failure because innovation is not only just changing products or services but also the whole or part of commercialization process Innovation helps organization to move faster, stronger, further in the market, prevail their competitors, and stand firmly on the path of development by creating new ideas of products, services, or customer interaction Creativity is an important component of innovation; and will be gained through teamwork in the organisation However, to make innovation efficiently and continuously is not the easy task for each company It can only be succeed when each member of the organization works together in an effort to make the innovation happened in the company Hanoi Telecom Joint Stock Corporation (HTC) is a tele-communications enterprise which provide several businesses including: mobile services (through the operator named Vietnamobile), fiber optic line services; value added servies and others Telecommuication is a large investment field, fierce competition compared to other business Therefore, the main objective of the company is creating a friendly working environment, promoting the strength of solidarity, and equivalence of each member in the organization to achieve the succees The company knows that, each member will impact to innovation process and helps company change from inside This thesis focus on factors in each member which effecting to innovation process Therefore, the author selected the topic "Impact of belief and cognitive similarity in the innovation process at Hanoi Telecom Joint Stock Company" Research Objectives: * General objectives:  To determine the impact of belief factors, cognitive similarities affecting knownedge sharing, and effectiveness of innovation activities at Hanoi Telecom Joint Stock Company  To survey and evaluate the role of factors, based on which proposals and measures to promote the process of innovation in the company * Main objective of sudy:  To complete the measurement scale of belief factors, similarities, knowledge sharing, efficiency of innovation activities of high technology in general and Hanoi Telecommunications Joint Stock Company  To explore the role of belief factors, similarities of awareness, impact on knowledge sharing and effectiveness of innovation activities at Hanoi Telecom Joint Stock Company  To determine the relationship between the factors in the innovation process at Hanoi Telecommunications Joint Stock Company  To propose some solutions to improve the factors affecting the innovation process at Hanoi Telecom Joint Stock Company Questions:  What is the factor of fairy, cognitive similarity affects knowledge sharing?  What is the factor of sharing knowledge affect the efficiency of innovation activities?  What is the role of each factor in forming the innovation process at Hanoi Telecom Joint Stock Company? Appendix 1: Survey form PHIẾU KHẢO SÁT (Về niềm tin, tương đồng nhận thức q trình đổi sáng tạo Cơng ty cổ phần Viễn thông Hà Nội) Số phiếu:… ………., ngày……tháng……năm…… Xin chào Quý vị! Hiện nay, tiến hành nghiên cứu niềm tiên, tương đồng nhận thức q trình đổi sáng tạo Cơng ty cổ phần Viễn thông Hà Nội Hy vọng nhận đóng góp Quý vị vào nghiên cứu thông qua việc trả lời câu hỏi Các câu hỏi không đánh giá Quý vị trả lời ―đúng‖ hay ―sai‖ mà nhằm mục đích tham khảo ý kiến Quý vị Vì vậy, mong Quý vị trả lời thật nghĩ Thông tin phiếu khảo sát dùng cho mục đích nghiên cứu khơng dùng vào việc khác ảnh hưởng tiêu cực đến Quý vị Phầ n 1: Thông tin cá nhân Họ tên người trả lời: Giới tính:………… Chức vụ: Số năm công tác công ty:…… Số điện thoại: Địa email (thư điện tử): Bộ phận: Phần 2: Nội dung (Vui lịng đánh dấu  vào ô mà Quý vị thấy phù hợp nhất) Mức độ đồng ý Thang đo Stt Rất đồng ý I II III Rất Đồng Bình Khơng khơng ý thường đồng ý đồng ý Niềm tin Đồng nghiệp người trung thực trung thực với Nếu gặp khó khăn cơng việc, tơi có niềm tin nhận hỗ trợ đồng nghiệp Tơi cảm thấy đồng nghiệp tơi có thái độ tích cực hiểu biết lẫn Tôi tin đồng nghiệp quan tâm đến tôn trọng lẫn Tôi cảm thấy đồng nghiệp cởi mở không che giấu mục tiêu công việc 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 Sự tƣơng đồng nhận thức Tôi nghĩ đồng nghiệp vị trí tơi có khả làm việc tương đồng với Tôi cảm thấy đồng nghiệp hài lịng với bí /năng lực Tôi tin đối tác sẵn sàng chấp nhận chun mơn tơi Tơi nghĩ đồng nghiệp tơi có kiến thức / kỹ cần thiết cho doanh nghiệp Chia sẻ kiến thức Khi đồng nghiệp đề nghị, thường chia sẻ báo cáo công việc tài liệu Tôi chia sẻ thông tin công nghệ, giới thiệu, hướng dẫn, phương pháp với đồng nghiệp Tôi chia sẻ kinh nghiệm, hiểu biết với đồng Mức độ đồng ý Rất Thang đo Stt đồng ý Rất Đồng Bình Khơng khơng ý thường đồng ý đồng ý nghiệp xu hướng công nghệ tương lai Tơi ln chia sẻ bí biết sở hữu theo yêu cầu thành viên tổ chức 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 5 4 3 2 1 Tôi cố gắng chia sẻ chuyên môn có từ giáo dục đào tạo với đồng nghiệp cách hiệu IV Đổi sáng tạo Tôi thường xuyên tinh chỉnh việc cung cấp sản phẩm dịch vụ có Tơi thường xun thực điều chỉnh nhỏ cho sản phẩm dịch vụ có Tơi giới thiệu phương án kỹ thuật cải tiến theo nhân hiệu cho lãnh đạo Tơi cải thiện tính hiệu cung cấp sản phẩm dịch vụ thị trường Chúng tăng quy mô kinh tế thị trường Phần 3: Vấn đề khác (Những quan điểm Quý vị phần cung cấp thông tin quan trọng để gợi ý giải pháp nhằm phát triển niềm tin, chia sẻ kiến thức, với đổi sáng tạo) Công việc đem lại cho Quý vị trải nghiệm thú vị gì? Giải pháp đề gia tăng niềm tin đồng nghiệp công ty nhân với công ty: Giải pháp đề tạo tương đồng nhận thức đồng nghiệp công ty làm vị trí: Giải pháp đề biến kiến thức chia sẻ thành hoạt động đổi sáng tạo cụ thể công ty: Xin chân thành cảm ơn hợp tác giúp đỡ Quý vị! Appendix : Imformation of sample Gendel Frequency Valid Nữ Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent 21 15.8 15.8 15.8 Nam 112 84.2 84.2 100.0 Total 133 100.0 100.0 Position Frequency Valid Nhân viên Valid Percent Cumulative Percent 105 78.9 78.9 78.9 28 21.1 21.1 100.0 133 100.0 100.0 Cán quản lý, lãnh đạo Total Percent Years of woking Frequency Valid Dưới năm Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent 105 78.9 78.9 78.9 Từ - 10 năm 25 18.8 18.8 97.7 Từ 10 - 15 năm 2.3 2.3 100.0 133 100.0 100.0 Total Appendix : Average value and Deviation of Sample Descriptive Statistics N Minimum Maximum Mean Std Deviation NT_1 133 4.02 657 NT_2 133 4.13 583 NT_3 133 4.20 587 NT_4 133 4.17 680 NT_5 133 4.06 600 TD_1 133 3.88 759 TD_2 133 3.89 791 TD_3 133 3.92 755 TD_4 133 3.86 757 CS_1 133 4.15 669 CS_2 133 3.82 777 CS_3 133 3.56 811 CS_4 133 3.92 718 CS_5 133 4.70 651 DM_1 133 4.23 724 DM_2 133 4.17 687 DM_3 133 3.94 766 DM_4 133 3.96 792 DM_5 133 4.07 698 Appendix : Checking scale by Cronbach’s Alpha (i) Checking Scale of Belief: Reliability Statistics Cronbach's Alpha N of Items 884 Item-Total Statistics Scale Mean if Item Scale Variance if Corrected Item-Total Cronbach's Alpha if Deleted Item Deleted Correlation Item Deleted NT_1 16.56 4.339 677 870 NT_2 16.46 4.402 770 849 NT_3 16.38 4.359 783 846 NT_4 16.41 4.335 645 879 NT_5 16.53 4.372 754 852 Scale Variance if Item Corrected Item-Total Cronbach's Alpha if (ii) Checking Cognitive Similarity: Reliability Statistics Cronbach's Alpha N of Items 896 Item-Total Statistics Scale Mean if Item Deleted Deleted Correlation Item Deleted TD_1 11.68 4.142 784 860 TD_2 11.67 3.965 810 850 TD_3 11.64 4.217 759 869 TD_4 11.70 4.303 722 882 (iii) Checking Scale of knowledge sharing: Reliability Statistics Cronbach's Alpha N of Items 851 Item-Total Statistics Scale Mean if Item Scale Variance if Item Corrected Item-Total Cronbach's Alpha if Deleted Deleted Correlation Item Deleted CS_1 15.99 5.780 646 826 CS_2 16.32 5.266 683 816 CS_3 16.59 5.184 667 821 CS_4 16.23 5.373 726 804 CS_5 15.44 5.961 604 836 (iv) Checking scale of innovation: Reliability Statistics Cronbach's Alpha N of Items 832 Item-Total Statistics Scale Mean if Item Scale Variance if Item Corrected Item-Total Cronbach's Alpha if Deleted Deleted Correlation Item Deleted DM_1 16.14 5.300 672 786 DM_2 16.20 5.265 738 769 DM_3 16.42 5.215 647 793 DM_4 16.40 5.499 522 831 DM_5 16.29 5.618 592 808 Phụ lục 5: Analysis EFA Factor KMO and Bartlett's Test Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy Bartlett's Test of Sphericity 838 Approx Chi-Square 1465.131 df 171 Sig .000 Component Total Variance Explained Extraction Sums of Squared Initial Eigenvalues Total Loadings % of Cumulative Variance % Total % of Cumulative Variance % Rotation Sums of Squared Loadings Total % of Cumulative Variance % 6.443 33.912 33.912 6.443 33.912 33.912 3.518 18.518 18.518 2.917 15.351 49.262 2.917 15.351 49.262 3.136 16.503 35.021 2.361 12.424 61.686 2.361 12.424 61.686 3.109 16.361 51.382 1.135 5.974 67.661 1.135 5.974 67.661 3.093 16.279 67.661 920 4.842 72.503 742 3.904 76.407 629 3.309 79.716 618 3.250 82.966 545 2.866 85.833 10 502 2.644 88.476 11 333 1.752 90.228 12 320 1.686 91.914 13 289 1.523 93.437 14 257 1.352 94.789 15 250 1.317 96.106 16 234 1.229 97.336 17 182 958 98.294 18 180 945 99.239 19 145 761 100.000 Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis Appendix : Rotated Matrix Rotated Component Matrixa Component NT_2 860 NT_5 832 NT_3 822 NT_1 791 NT_4 776 CS_2 826 CS_4 807 CS_3 766 CS_1 729 CS_5 631 DM_3 780 DM_2 774 DM_1 704 DM_5 663 DM_4 585 TD_4 855 TD_3 832 TD_2 821 TD_1 777 Extraction Method: Principal Component Analysis Rotation Method: Varimax with Kaiser Normalization a Rotation converged in iterations Pattern Matrixa Factor NT_2 864 NT_5 807 NT_3 794 NT_1 745 NT_4 716 TD_4 861 TD_2 825 TD_3 813 TD_1 743 CS_2 838 CS_4 801 CS_3 710 CS_1 645 CS_5 525 DM_2 850 DM_3 777 DM_1 679 DM_5 544 DM_4 456 Extraction Method: Principal Axis Factoring Rotation Method: Promax with Kaiser Normalization a Rotation converged in iterations Appendix 7: Analysis CFA Factor Appendix 8: Hypothesis test Regression Weights: (Group number - Default model) Estimate S.E C.R P Label < - 275 132 2.089 037 par_25 < - 243 113 2.140 032 par_26 < - 644 117 5.501 *** par_27 NT_2 < - 1.000 NT_5 < - 1.108 117 9.455 *** par_1 NT_3 < - 1.129 112 10.049 *** par_2 NT_1 < - 1.039 103 10.110 *** par_3 NT_4 < - 1.099 132 8.310 *** par_4 TD_4 < - 1.000 TD_2 < - 1.404 152 9.212 *** par_5 TD_3 < - 1.059 105 10.120 *** par_6 TD_1 < - 1.312 145 9.041 *** par_7 CS_2 < - 1.000 Estimate S.E C.R P Label CS_4 < - 940 131 7.191 *** par_8 CS_3 < - 1.052 116 9.064 *** par_9 CS_1 < - 822 120 6.834 *** par_10 CS_5 < - 897 141 6.353 *** par_11 DM_2 < - 1.000 DM_3 < - 877 103 8.485 *** par_12 DM_1 < - 934 098 9.549 *** par_13 DM_5 < - 740 112 6.638 *** par_14 DM_4 < - 775 111 6.962 *** par_15 ... sharing and effectiveness of innovation activities at Hanoi Telecom Joint Stock Company  To determine the relationship between the factors in the innovation process at Hanoi Telecommunications Joint. .. process at Hanoi Telecom Joint Stock Company?  How are the factors affecting the innovation process at Hanoi Telecom Joint Stock Company?  What are effective solutions to promote innovation at Hanoi. .. departments 1.4 Innovation 1.4.1 Define of Innovation The theory of innovation is the foundation for the birth of the concept of innovation, which was formed in the 1911s and has a long history of development