Information technology for management 10th edition test bank

Information Technology for Management 10th Edition Test Bank by Turban Volonino Completed Download: Chapter 3: Data Management, Big Data Analytics, and Records Management Test Bank Multiple Choice The supply of oranges used by Coca-Cola has a three-month growing season, but orange juice production is year-round Therefore, producing orange juice with a consistent taste year-round is complex How does Coca-Cola deal with this complexity and keep their orange juice taste consistent? a An orange juice decision model was developed that combines detailed data on the 600+ flavors that make up an orange b A decentralized data model was developed to respond to consumer preferences c Legacy systems were replaced with data silos to manage big data d A data governance program was implemented to ensure that juice preferences are achieved Answer: A Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Chapter Snapshot and Opening Case Learning Objective: Provide a real-world example of data management, big data analytics, and records management AACSB: Use of Information Technology Which of the following data management technologies store data that are generated by business apps and operations? a b c d Data marts Data warehouses Databases Transaction-processing systems (TPS) Answer: C Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology tools and techniques process data and statistical analysis for insight and discovery a b c d Operational intelligence Business intelligence Information accessibility Information fluidity Answer: B Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology Ad-hoc requests for specific data from a database or warehouse are called _ a b c d Unplanned reports Relational reports Volatile Queries Answer: D Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology After data are extracted from a database and processed to standardize their format, they are then loaded into a and ready for analysis a b c d Synchronized, low-latency system Decision support system Data warehouse DBMS Answer: C Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology Users typically access data as needed from a database management system by using a b c d BI tools SQL Transaction processing Data filtering Answer: B Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology Data in a are volatile because record transactions a Database b Data warehouse c Data mart d Data silo Answer: A Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology Organizations that cannot afford the cost of a data warehouse, but want the benefits of online analytic processing invest in _ a b c d spreadsheets big data text mining data marts Answer: D Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology Data warehouses and data marts are optimized for all of the following except: a b c d Transaction processing Data mining Business intelligence Decision support Answer: A Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 10 An accurate and consistent view of data throughout the enterprise is needed so one can make informed, actionable decisions that support the business strategy A function performed by a DBMS to integrate, match, or link data from disparate sources is data _ a b c d Answer: C filtering profiling synchronization maintenance Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 11 NoSQL systems have increased in popularity because of the growing need for , which means the system can increase in size to handle data growth a b c d scalability fault tolerance handling big data large Web apps Answer: A Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 12 Which of the following is not a consequence of poor quality or dirty data? a b c d The company loses sales or customers Information workers are constrained in their jobs Decision makers face too much uncertainty to make intelligent decisions The company faces data ownership problems Answer: D Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 13 The primary benefits of centralized database configuration are better _ and a b c d Reports / Statistical Tools Quality / Security Speed / Access Software / Hardware Answer: B Difficulty: Hard Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 14 The primary disadvantage of centralized database systems is a b c d Data security Data quality Availability of statistical analysis tools Transmission delay when users are geo-dispersed Answer: D Difficulty: Hard Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 15 Distributed databases use _ architecture to process information requests a b c d Client/server NoSQL Private clouds Public clouds Answer: A Difficulty: Hard Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 16 In terms of the major functions performed by a DBMS, “data filtering and profiling” refers to which of the following? a Inspecting the data for errors, inconsistencies, redundancies, and incomplete information b Correcting, standardizing, and verifying the integrity of the data c Integrating, matching, or linking data from disparate sources d Checking and controlling data integrity over time Answer: A Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 17 Sometimes organizations place too much emphasis on the costs associated with acquiring high levels of data quality and ignore the costs of “dirty” or poor quality data Which of the following sets of factors make up the total costs associated with poor quality data? a b c d Technology costs + Training costs + Marketing costs Value of lost business + Cost to prevent errors + Cost to correct errors Cost of repeating analyses + Lost opportunity costs + Cost of unrealized threats Value of lost business + Cost to correct errors + Cost of repeating analyses (on corrected data) Answer: B Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 18 Despite the need for high-quality data, and technical issues often make it a difficult goal to achieve a b c d High costs Untrained or undertrained IT personnel User errors Organizational politics Answer: D Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 19 The principle of explains why most organizations cannot operate at peak performance with blind spots (lack of data availability) of 30 days or longer Global financial services institutions rely on near-real-time data for peak performance a b c d data in context 90/90 data use diminishing data value data quality Answer: C Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 59 Data analytics will produce results, but those results might be meaningless or misleading Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 60 Data are worthless if you cannot analyze, interpret, understand, and apply the results in context Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 61 Low-cost sensors make it possible to monitor and control the behavior of all types of physical things Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 62 A limitation of Apache Hadoop is that it imposes conditions on the structure of the data it can process Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 63 MapReduce breaks up the huge dataset into smaller subsets; then distributes the subsets among multiple servers where they are partially processed Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 64 The primary disadvantage of distributed database configurations is transmission delay when users are geo-dispersed Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 65 A distributed database allows apps on computers and mobiles to access data from local and remote databases Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 66 Distributed databases use a client/server architecture to process information requests Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 67 Distributed databases use a Select Query (SQ) architecture to process information requests Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 68 Data and text mining are used to discover knowledge that you did not know existed in the databases Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Data and Text Mining Learning Objective: Describe data and text mining, and give examples of mining applications to find patterns, correlations, trends, or other meaningful relationships in organizational data stores AACSB: Use of Information Technology 69 To improve quality, McDonald’s bakery operation replaced manual equipment with highspeed photo analyses to inspect thousands of buns per minute for color, size, and sesame seed distribution Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data and Text Mining Learning Objective: Describe data and text mining, and give examples of mining applications to find patterns, correlations, trends, or other meaningful relationships in organizational data stores AACSB: Use of Information Technology 70 Up to 25 percent of an organization’s data are nonstructured word-processing documents, social media, text messages, audio, video, images and diagrams, fax and memos, call center or claims notes, and so on Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data and Text Mining Learning Objective: Describe data and text mining, and give examples of mining applications to find patterns, correlations, trends, or other meaningful relationships in organizational data stores AACSB: Use of Information Technology 71 Data mining is important because any customer can become a brand advocate or adversary by freely expressing opinions and attitudes that reach millions of other customers on social media Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data and Text Mining Learning Objective: Describe data and text mining, and give examples of mining applications to find patterns, correlations, trends, or other meaningful relationships in organizational data stores AACSB: Use of Information Technology 72 Social commentary and social media are mined for sentiment analysis or to understand consumer intent Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data and Text Mining Learning Objective: Describe data and text mining, and give examples of mining applications to find patterns, correlations, trends, or other meaningful relationships in organizational data stores AACSB: Use of Information Technology 73 Mining text or nonstructural data enables organizations to forecast the future instead of merely reporting the past Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data and Text Mining Learning Objective: Describe data and text mining, and give examples of mining applications to find patterns, correlations, trends, or other meaningful relationships in organizational data stores AACSB: Use of Information Technology 74 Preprocessing text is needed before text mining to standardize it, correct misspelled words, and transform slang Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data and Text Mining Learning Objective: Describe data and text mining, and give examples of mining applications to find patterns, correlations, trends, or other meaningful relationships in organizational data stores AACSB: Use of Information Technology 75 Using BI, Quicken Loans has increased the speed from loan application to close, which allows it to meet client needs as thoroughly and quickly as possible Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Business Intelligence Learning Objective: Explain the operational benefits and competitive advantages of business intelligence, and how forecasting can be improved AACSB: Use of Information Technology 76 BI systems are powerful, but limited to the support of strategic decision making because of their cost and complexity Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Business Intelligence Learning Objective: Explain the operational benefits and competitive advantages of business intelligence, and how forecasting can be improved AACSB: Use of Information Technology 77 BI programs usually combine a database, dashboard, and platform to transform data into usable, actionable business information Answer: False Difficulty: Hard Section Reference: Business Intelligence Learning Objective: Explain the operational benefits and competitive advantages of business intelligence, and how forecasting can be improved AACSB: Use of Information Technology 78 Companies invest in BI in order to be able to analyze all of their data Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Business Intelligence Learning Objective: Explain the operational benefits and competitive advantages of business intelligence, and how forecasting can be improved AACSB: Use of Information Technology 79 In order to help align business and BI strategies, each department identifies its targets, KPIs, and plans to achieve those targets Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Business Intelligence Learning Objective: Explain the operational benefits and competitive advantages of business intelligence, and how forecasting can be improved AACSB: Use of Information Technology 80 The principle of diminishing data values suggests that many global financial services institutions need near real time data for peak performance Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Business Intelligence Learning Objective: Explain the operational benefits and competitive advantages of business intelligence, and how forecasting can be improved AACSB: Use of Information Technology 81 Most business records are kept in physical format and archived throughout their life cycle Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Electronic Records Management Learning Objective: Describe electronic records management, and how it helps companies meet their compliance, regulatory, and legal obligations AACSB: Use of Information Technology 82 ERM systems consist of hardware and software that manage and archive electronic documents and image paper documents; then index and store them according to company policy Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Section Reference: Electronic Records Management Learning Objective: Describe electronic records management, and how it helps companies meet their compliance, regulatory, and legal obligations AACSB: Use of Information Technology 83 The major ERM tools are servers, word processors, presentation software, and spreadsheets Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Electronic Records Management Learning Objective: Describe electronic records management, and how it helps companies meet their compliance, regulatory, and legal obligations AACSB: Use of Information Technology 84 ERM systems have query and search capabilities so documents can be identified and accessed like data in a database Answer: True Difficulty: Hard Section Reference: Electronic Records Management Learning Objective: Describe electronic records management, and how it helps companies meet their compliance, regulatory, and legal obligations AACSB: Use of Information Technology 85 Companies need to be prepared to respond to an audit, federal investigation, lawsuit, or any other legal action against them Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Electronic Records Management Learning Objective: Describe electronic records management, and how it helps companies meet their compliance, regulatory, and legal obligations AACSB: Use of Information Technology 86 ERM is necessary to help defend against charges of patent violations, product safety negligence, theft of intellectual property, breach of contract, wrongful termination, harassment, and discrimination Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Electronic Records Management Learning Objective: Describe electronic records management, and how it helps companies meet their compliance, regulatory, and legal obligations AACSB: Use of Information Technology 87 Effective ERM systems capture all business data and documents at their first touchpoint— data centers, laptops, the mailroom, at customer sites, or remote offices Answer: True Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Electronic Records Management Learning Objective: Describe electronic records management, and how it helps companies meet their compliance, regulatory, and legal obligations AACSB: Use of Information Technology 88 A key benefit of ERM is that it creates a paperless office as had been predicted Answer: False Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Electronic Records Management Learning Objective: Describe electronic records management, and how it helps companies meet their compliance, regulatory, and legal obligations AACSB: Use of Information Technology 89 When workflows are digital, productivity increases, costs decrease, compliance obligations are easier to verify, and green computing becomes possible Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Electronic Records Management Learning Objective: Describe electronic records management, and how it helps companies meet their compliance, regulatory, and legal obligations AACSB: Use of Information Technology 90 Before selecting a vendor, it is important to examine workflows and how data, documents, and communications flow throughout the company Answer: True Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Electronic Records Management Learning Objective: Describe electronic records management, and how it helps companies meet their compliance, regulatory, and legal obligations AACSB: Use of Information Technology Short Answer 91 equals 1,000 terabytes Answer: petabyte Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Chapter Snapshot and Opening Case Learning Objective: Provide a real-world example of data management, big data analytics, and records management AACSB: Use of Information Technology 92 A quantifies the relationship between variables, which reduces uncertainty Answer: decision model Difficulty: Hard Section Reference: Chapter Snapshot and Opening Case Learning Objective: Provide a real-world example of data management, big data analytics, and records management AACSB: Use of Information Technology 93 In terms of the dependability or reliability of an information system, _ means the system has zero-downtime, zero data loss, and continuous access to data Answer: Fault tolerant Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 94 _ and judgment are needed to interpret the output of data analytics Answer: Human expertise Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 95 Data are the primary source of cleansed data for analysis, reporting, and BI Answer: warehouses Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 96 An ad-hoc request for specific data or information from a database or warehouse is called a Answer: Query Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 97 Databases are because data are constantly being updated, added, or edited Answer: volatile Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 98 A widely used big data processing platform is Apache Answer: Hadoop Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 99 Data generated by business apps, sensors, and transaction processing systems (TPS) are typically stored first in a _ Answer: Database Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 100 Data _ integrate data from multiple databases and data silos and organize them for complex analysis, knowledge discovery, and to support decision making Answer: Warehouses Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 101 _ are small-scale data warehouses that support a single function or department Answer: Data marts Difficulty: easy Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 102 Data warehouses that integrate data from databases across an entire organization are called data warehouses Answer: Enterprise Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 103 Data warehouses are designed as OLAP systems, meaning that the data can be queried and analyzed much more efficiently than application databases Answer: OLTP Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 104 _ data warehouses are relatively new OLAP systems that are updated in realtime, providing the most current data available for analysis and decision support apps Answer: Active Difficulty: easy Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 105 A widely used platform for processing big data is Apache Answer: Hadoop Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 106 Specialized software used to analyze large data sets to find patterns, correlation, trends, or other meaningful relationships are called tools Answer: Data mining Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data and Text Mining Learning Objective: Describe data and text mining, and give examples of mining applications to find patterns, correlations, trends, or other meaningful relationships in organizational data stores AACSB: Use of Information Technology 107 _ is a process used to analyze an organization’s non-structured data that comes from word processing documents, social media, text messages, audio, faxes, memos, call center or claims notes, and so on Answer: Text mining Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data and Text Mining Learning Objective: Describe data and text mining, and give examples of mining applications to find patterns, correlations, trends, or other meaningful relationships in organizational data stores AACSB: Use of Information Technology 108 is a broad category that involves analyzing and interpreting words and concepts in context Answer: Text mining Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data and Text Mining Learning Objective: Describe data and text mining, and give examples of mining applications to find patterns, correlations, trends, or other meaningful relationships in organizational data stores AACSB: Use of Information Technology 109 A business is documentation of a business event, action, decision, or transaction Answer: record Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Electronic Records Management Learning Objective: Describe electronic records management, and how it helps companies meet their compliance, regulatory, and legal obligations AACSB: Use of Information Technology 110 Companies have a duty to retain business records Answer: legal Difficulty: Easy Section Reference: Electronic Records Management Learning Objective: Describe electronic records management, and how it helps companies meet their compliance, regulatory, and legal obligations AACSB: Use of Information Technology Essay Questions 111 Identify the primary functions of a database and data warehouse and explain why enterprises need both of these data management technologies Answer:   Databases store data generated by business apps, sensors, and transaction processing systems (TPS) Data contained in databases is considered “volatile” because it is constantly being changed or updated Therefore, databases are not considered a good source of data for Decision Support, Reporting or Statistical Analysis applications Data warehouses integrate data from multiple databases and data silos and organize them for complex analysis, knowledge discovery, and to support decision making Because data warehouses not contain volatile data, they are considered more appropriate for complex problem solving applications They are also are larger than transactional databases Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 112 Describe the characteristics of dirty data Explain three negative consequences of dirty data What is the general formula showing the costs of poor quality data? Answer: Answers will vary Dirty data is of such poor quality data that they lack integrity and cannot be trusted Too often managers and information workers are actually constrained by data that cannot be trusted because they are incomplete, out of context, outdated, inaccurate, inaccessible, or so overwhelming that they require weeks to analyze In those situations, the decision maker is facing too much uncertainty to make intelligent business decisions This can result in lost business and costs related to correcting and/or preventing errors The cost of poor quality data is expressed by the following formula Cost of Poor = [Value of Lost Business + Cost to Correct Errors + Cost to Prevent Errors] Quality Data Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Database Management Systems Learning Objective: Describe the functions of database and data warehouse technologies, the differences between centralized and distributed database architecture, how data quality impacts performance, and the role of a master reference file in creating accurate and consistent data across the enterprise AACSB: Use of Information Technology 113 The value of data analytics depends on these factors: high-quality data and human expertise and judgment Assume that management believes the data analytics depends solely on the technology—that is, the data analytics tools Compose a response to management explaining why data analytics is not simply a technology issue, but depends on data quality, human expertise, and the data analytics Answer: Answers will vary Students should mention issues such as:  Human expertise is necessary because analytics alone cannot explain the reasons for trends or relationships; know what action to take; or provide sufficient context to determine what the numbers represent and how to interpret them  Human expertise and judgment are needed to interpret the output of analytics (refer to Figure 3.1)  Data are worthless if you cannot analyze, interpret, understand, and apply the results in context  The "cleanliness" of data is very important to data mining and analysis projects Analysts have complained that data analytics is like janitorial work because they spend so much time on manual, error-prone processes to clean the data Large data volumes and variety mean more data that are dirty and harder to handle  Data must be put into meaningful context If the wrong analysis or datasets are used, the output would be nonsense, Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 114 Describe each of the four V’s of data analytics: variety, volume, velocity, and veracity     Answer: Variety: The analytic environment has expanded from pulling data from enterprise systems to include big data and unstructured sources Volume: Large volumes of structured and unstructured data are analyzed Velocity: Speed of access to reports that are drawn from data defines the difference between effective and ineffective analytics Veracity: Validating data and extracting insights that managers and workers can trust are key factors of successful analytics Trust in analytics has grown more difficult with the explosion of data sources Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Data Warehouse and Big Data Analytics Learning Objective: Evaluate the tactical and strategic benefits of big data and analytics AACSB: Use of Information Technology 115 Explain why electronic records management (ERM) is a senior management issue and not simply an IT issue? What does the success of ERM depend upon in the private and public sectors? List situations when a company might have to produce business records Answer: Answers will vary Examples of answers are: Companies may be required by law to retain financial documents for at least seven years, product design for many decades, and e-mail messages about marketing promotions for a year Because senior management must ensure that their companies comply with legal and regulatory duties, managing electronic records (e-records) is a strategic issue for organizations in both the public and private sectors Properly managed, records are strategic assets Improperly managed or destroyed, they become liabilities The success of ERM depends greatly on a partnership of many key players, namely, senior management, users, records managers, archivists, administrators, and most importantly, IT personnel Companies need ERM in order to be prepared to respond to an audit, federal investigation, lawsuit, or any other legal action against them Difficulty: Medium Section Reference: Electronic Records Management Learning Objective: Describe electronic records management, and how it helps companies meet their compliance, regulatory, and legal obligations AACSB: Use of Information Technology More download links: information technology for management 10th edition test bank information technology for management 10th edition solutions information technology for management 10th edition pdf information technology for management 10th edition pdf download information technology for management 10th edition free download information technology for management 10th edition pdf free information technology for management turban 10th edition pdf information technology for management 9th edition pdf information technology for management 10th edition ebook information technology for management turban pdf