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Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is Anthropology and Why Should I Care? True / False 1. The belief that cultures should be understood with reference to their own histories and values is known as cultural relativism a. True b. False ANSWER: True 2. Human beings almost everywhere are ethnocentric a. True b. False ANSWER: True 3. Cultural relativism is the belief that one's own culture is superior to another a. True b. False ANSWER: False 4. Cultural relativism suggests that all cultural traditions are good and are of equal worth a. True b. False ANSWER: False 5. An insider’s point of view that explains the meaning of a cultural practice is called the emic perspective a. True b. False ANSWER: True 6. The study of forensic anthropology is part of the subdiscipline of archaeology a. True b. False ANSWER: False 7. Applied anthropologists work in cultural anthropology and biological anthropology only a. True b. False ANSWER: False Copyright Cengage Learning Powered by Cognero Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is Anthropology and Why Should I Care? 8. All people alive today have exactly the same ancestors at a time depth of 5,000 years a. True b. False ANSWER: True 9. Anthropologists consider race to be a scientifically valid system of classification a. True b. False ANSWER: False 10. Anthropologists who study ethnography map physiological differences among modern human groups and attempt to explain the sources of this diversity a. True b. False ANSWER: False 11. It is very clear that human violence is rapidly declining in our world today a. True b. False ANSWER: False 12. Language is a complex symbol system in every human culture a. True b. False ANSWER: True 13. Human variation is a subspecialty of biological anthropology a. True b. False ANSWER: True 14. Archaeologists study past cultures through the remains of humans, prehistoric animal life, and fossils a. True b. False ANSWER: False 15. Microsoft is the largest employer of anthropologists a. True b. False ANSWER: False Copyright Cengage Learning Powered by Cognero Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is Anthropology and Why Should I Care? Multiple Choice 16. The Nacirema are found in: a. Africa b. South America c. North America d. Asia e. Europe ANSWER: c 17. Nacirema ritual is based on the belief that: a. religious activity leads to economic success b. agricultural practices need to improve to produce greater yields c. the human body has a natural tendency to get sick and diseased d. neighboring tribes are jealous of the Nacirema’s commercial success e. travel outside of the Nacirema borders is dangerous ANSWER: c 18. Why do the Nacirema place so much emphasis on the latipsoh? a. It is the temple where individuals who are sick go for healing b. It is a ritual tool that the Holy Mouth Man uses to pierce teeth c. It is a ritual garment that individuals wear in order to be healed d. It is a shrine that is used to increase one’s economic successes e. It is a precious gem found only on Nacirema lands ANSWER: a 19. What is the significance of the opening story on the Nacirema people? a. It shows that some cultures are irrational b. It depicts religion as economically based c. It demonstrates the importance of preventative medicine for long life d. It illustrates how culture can be viewed from more than one perspective e. It shows that culture plays a minor role in people’s lives ANSWER: d Copyright Cengage Learning Powered by Cognero Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is Anthropology and Why Should I Care? 20. In anthropology, “culture” refers to: a. a group of people who depend on one another for survival or well-being b. a group whose goals, values, and environmental adaptations are very different c. the way members of a society adapt to their environment and give meaning to their lives d. the practice of understanding groups of people within their own environment e. the scientific and humanistic study of human beings ANSWER: c 21. Race is based primarily on: a. biology b. genetics c. archaeology d. society e. geography ANSWER: d 22. Which of the following best describes the anthropological approach to other cultures? a. Cultural relativism b. Ethnocentrism c. Holistic d. Biological e. Linguistic ANSWER: a 23. Anthropology is distinct from other academic disciplines because it embraces: a. ethnocentrism b. a comparative approach c. the study of human biology d. the distinction between culture and society e. holism ANSWER: e 24. In the United States, anthropology has traditionally included four subdisciplines. They are: a. biological anthropology, ethnography, archaeology, and cultural anthropology b. cultural anthropology, biological anthropology, ethnology, and anthropological linguistics c. anthropological linguistics, ethnology, primatology, and forensic anthropology d. forensic anthropology, archaeology, linguistics, and cultural anthropology e. cultural anthropology, anthropological linguistics, archaeology, and biological anthropology ANSWER: e Copyright Cengage Learning Powered by Cognero Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is Anthropology and Why Should I Care? 25. The study of the development of contemporary social networks through the technology of Facebook is an example of research in: a. linguistic anthropology b. biological anthropology c. human variation d. primatology e. archaeology ANSWER: a 26. Cultural anthropologists examine all of the following EXCEPT: a. the ways in which societies adapt to their environments b. how members of different cultures interact with one another c. the structure of the economy d. patterns of disease e. the means by which societies produce or acquire food ANSWER: d 27. Which of the following interests is NOT usually associated with the subdiscipline of cultural anthropology? a. Globalization b. Humanistic anthropology c. Cultural resource management d. Visual anthropology e. Political anthropology ANSWER: c 28. Ethnography is the part of cultural anthropology that: a. provides a description of society or culture b. captures what practices mean to members of a culture c. attempts to find general principles or laws that govern cultural phenomena d. analyzes the role of the individual within a particular society e. works to identify all of the members of a specific society ANSWER: a Copyright Cengage Learning Powered by Cognero Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is Anthropology and Why Should I Care? 29. Which of the following statements about the anthropology of violence is NOT correct? a. The 20th century was the most violent in the history of humanity b. Violence is a relatively new phenomenon in relation to ancient history c. Most violence in the 20th century was state-sponsored d. The sources of both peace and violence ultimately lie in human nature e. The expression of violence is an aspect of culture ANSWER: b 30. Linguistic anthropologists focus on all of the following EXCEPT: a. social learning about language use b. the structure of language c. the evolution of vocal cords d. patterns of speech e. rules of verbal interaction ANSWER: c 31. Archaeology is the study of human material remains. Its primary focus, however, is on the search for: a. patterns b. new discoveries c. ritual activity d. complex thought e. human biological evolution ANSWER: a 32. Archaeologists study cultural patterns through human: a. speech b. material remains c. fossils d. thought e. meanings ANSWER: b Copyright Cengage Learning Powered by Cognero Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is Anthropology and Why Should I Care? 33. Which of the following is the archaeological specialty that works to protect and manage archaeological, archival, and architectural resources? a. Cultural resource preservation b. Cultural resource management c. Natural resource preservation d. Historical resource management e. Historical resource preservation ANSWER: b 34. Which statement about biology and culture is most correct? a. Human biology and culture both shape and are shaped by each other b. Human culture is a product of biology c. Human biology is not related to human culture d. Human biology and culture affect each other during times of evolutionary transition e. Human biology is a product of human culture ANSWER: a 35. Which area of biological anthropology focuses on the evolutionary history of humans? a. Primatology b. Paleoanthropology c. Human genetics d. Forensic anthropology e. Ethnology ANSWER: b 36. Biological anthropology includes study of all of the following EXCEPT: a. human nutrition b. primates c. language d. human populations e. disease ANSWER: c Copyright Cengage Learning Powered by Cognero Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is Anthropology and Why Should I Care? 37. The development of which human biological structure most contributed to the human species being freed from the slow process of biological adaptation? a. Opposable toe b. More complex brain c. Wider pelvis d. Broader shoulders e. Development of smell ANSWER: b 38. An anthropologist who works as part of a crime-solving unit for an urban police department is most likely a(n): a. human paleontologist b. archaeologist c. ethnologist d. applied anthropologist e. forensic anthropologist ANSWER: e 39. Which specialty of biological anthropology is most associated with the study of physiological differences among humans? a. Epidemiology b. Human variation c. Primatology d. Osteology e. Demography ANSWER: b 40. In general terms, why might a multinational corporation hire an applied anthropologist? a. To solve a range of practical problems associated with business b. To interview prospective employees c. To develop new products and new inventions d. To teach employees about the importance of their own culture e. To create a museum ANSWER: a Copyright Cengage Learning Powered by Cognero Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is Anthropology and Why Should I Care? 41. Applied anthropology is practiced in which of the following subdisciplines? a. Cultural anthropology, linguistic anthropology, and forensic anthropology b. Primatology, human paleontology, ethnography, and archaeology c. Archaeology, biological anthropology, linguistic anthropology, and cultural anthropology d. Linguistic anthropology and cultural anthropology only e. Biological anthropology and archaeology only ANSWER: c 42. In the United States, most people see humanity as composed of biological “races.” However, most of the traits we use to assign people to a race are: a. blood types b. skeletal types c. hair colors d. facial traits e. geographic locations ANSWER: d 43. A recent study (Rohde, Olson, and Chang, 2004) shows that all contemporary humans have common ancestors who lived years ago a. 500 to 1,000 b. 1,000 to 1,500 c. 1,500 to 2,000 d. 2,000 to 5,000 e. 100 to 500 ANSWER: d 44. Why is biological race difficult to determine? a. Measurements reveal that people are as different from others classified in the same race as they are from those in different races b. We do not know how many skeletal traits ultimately constitute a different race c. Most people cannot see beyond their prejudices and do not consider the appropriate traits in their classification d. Internal traits are more important in the separation of races than those we see superficially e. Race does not exist biologically or socially ANSWER: a Copyright Cengage Learning Powered by Cognero Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is Anthropology and Why Should I Care? 45. Anthropology teaches us that the biggest differences among human groups result from: a. geographical origin b. biology c. history d. culture e. intelligence ANSWER: d 46. Which of the following is a way that anthropology is unique and different from other social sciences? a. Anthropology focuses on the study of people b. Anthropology does first-hand research on real-life problems c. Anthropology is a liberal arts discipline d. Anthropology works to create new and useful ways to think about culture e. Anthropology focuses on biology and biological questions ANSWER: d 47. During the late 20th century: a. the United States has become an increasingly dominant force culturally and socially in the world b. members of minority groups in the United States have moved to stronger economic and political positions c. the world has become more and more a domain of nationalist strongholds d. white, Protestant, Northern European males have begun to have more power and exert a more dominant force in national decision making e. immigrants are less connected with their homelands of origin, leaving them eager to assimilate into U.S. culture ANSWER: b 48. Which of the following statements is correct? a. There is no such thing as cultural universals b. There are some cultural universals, but there is no single explanation about how they developed c. There are cultural universals, and anthropologists believe that they all developed because they were transmitted from person to person across time d. Periodical cultural universals occur, especially at points of evolution e. Human evolution could not occur without cultural universals ANSWER: b Copyright Cengage Learning Powered by Cognero Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page 10 Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is Anthropology and Why Should I Care? 49. Which of the following best describes "hubris"? a. It is the belief that all cultures are equal, but some are better structured to be global leaders b. It is a concept that describes cultures that have not developed technologically c. It is excessive pride and can be likened to ethnocentrism d. It is the belief that all cultures are equally valid and should be respected e. It is a type of culture change ANSWER: c 50. Stephen Pinker argues that: a. worldwide violence is rapidly increasing b. worldwide violence is associated with resource depletion c. worldwide violence is declining d. worldwide violence will soon disappear e. violence is the most significant way that humans communicate ANSWER: c 51. Anthropology courses do all of the following EXCEPT: a. present many useful ways of thinking b. focus on understanding other groups of people c. grapple with the questions of what it means to be human d. attempt to understand the full range of human cultural experience e. advocate determining which culture is superior to another ANSWER: e 52. Which of the following has been documented by anthropologists Clayton and Carole Robarchek as a very peaceful society? a. Yanomamo b. Ilongot c. Machiguenga d. Semai e. Algonquin ANSWER: d Copyright Cengage Learning Powered by Cognero Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page 11 Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is Anthropology and Why Should I Care? 53. What is the etic perspective? a. The scientific perspective b. The perspective of a native, or insider c. A point of view that represents an opinion d. A point of view that has been scientifically proved and can be considered a cultural law e. The perspective of the audience, or reader, of ethnography ANSWER: a 54. A group of people who depend on each other for survival and who structure their lives together into a series of statuses and roles is called a: a. culture b. subculture c. society d. clan e. neighborhood ANSWER: c 55. Richard Wrangham argues that all of the following were significant to human evolution EXCEPT: a. longer digestive tracts than our primate relatives b. an increase in human cooperation within the social group itself c. the development of cooking methods to increase nutrition of our food d. high levels of cooperation between males and females e. the ability to use and control fire ANSWER: a Subjective Short Answer 56. Anthropology is classified as a science and a ANSWER: humanity 57. Culture is ANSWER: the way members of a society adapt to their environment and give meaning to their lives 58. Why is cultural relativism important to the study of anthropology? ANSWER: It allows anthropologists to understand how cultural practices developed and how they function in a society 59. Name and briefly describe the four traditional subdisciplines of anthropology in the United States ANSWER: Cultural anthropology is the study of human society and culture; linguistic anthropology is the study of language and its relation to culture; archaeology is the study of past cultures through their material remains; and biological anthropology is the study of humans as biological and physical entities Copyright Cengage Learning Powered by Cognero Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page 12 Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is Anthropology and Why Should I Care? 60. What does it mean to say that anthropology is holistic? ANSWER: Anthropology studies the entire range of humans' biological, social, political, economic, and religious behavior as well as the relationships among the different aspects of human behavior in the past and the present 61. In what three ways is anthropology distinct among the social sciences? ANSWER: It focuses on understanding different groups of people, on understanding what it means to be human, and on creating new and useful ways of thinking about culture 62. Distinguish between the concepts of emic and etic perspective ANSWER: Emic is the insider point of view, and etic is the scientific perspective Essay 63. Choose an aspect of Nacirema culture NOT discussed in the opening story, and describe and analyze it from the perspective of a cultural outsider ANSWER: Answers will vary 64. Compare and contrast the concepts of ethnocentrism and cultural relativism. Describe the strengths and weaknesses of each ANSWER: Answers will vary 65. Briefly describe each of the four subdisciplines in anthropology, and then choose a study that would be interesting or helpful for an applied anthropologist to do in each one of these areas. You may use examples from the book or provide examples of your own ANSWER: Answers will vary 66. Describe the various problems that exist with racial classifications used in the United States ANSWER: Answers will vary 67. What role does the discipline of anthropology play in the 21st-century university curriculum? ANSWER: Answers will vary 68. What is culture? Use the different subdisciplines as a way of defining this concept ANSWER: Answers will vary 69. What is the importance of studying the anthropology of violence? Consider the section on "Bringing It Home" in your answer ANSWER: Answers will vary Copyright Cengage Learning Powered by Cognero Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page 13 ... at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: ... https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Page Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is? ?Anthropology? ?and Why Should I Care?.. .Test Bank for Culture Counts A Concise Introduction to Cultural Anthropology 4th Edition by Nand Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/ Name: Class: Date: Chapter 01 What is? ?Anthropology? ?and Why Should I Care?