Test bank for biology of humans 6th edition by goodenough

Test Bank for Biology of Humans 6th Edition by Goodenough Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou Exam Name _ MULTIPLE CHOICE Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question 1) If an object were collected on Mars by the rover Curiosity, it would be considered a living organism if it A) contained DNA and reproduced B) responded to environmental stimuli C) had metabolic activities and maintained homeostasis D) All of the above are true 1) 2) Which of the following is not a characteristic of all living things? A) They are composed of multiple cells B) They respond to stimuli C) They contain carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids D) They have adaptive traits 2) 3) Which statement is incorrect? A) Only living things contain nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids B) Only living things can grow C) Only living things are composed of cells D) Only living things maintain homeostasis 3) 4) You are classifying an organism and trying to determine to which domain it belongs The organism is unicellular and was isolated from a very unusual environment This organism probably belongs in which domain? A) Archaea B) Bacteria C) Eukarya D) None of the domains above is correct 4) 5) A scientist discovers an unidentified organism that is composed of multiple cells and has a membrane-bound nucleus Of the choices listed, the most likely classification would be A) Bacteria B) Archaea C) fungi D) Any of the above could be correct 5) 6) Members of the domains Bacteria and Archaea are called because they lack a nucleus and internal compartments A) eukaryotes B) molds C) prokaryotes D) protists 6) 7) Which of the following types of organisms are not composed of eukaryotic cells? A) fungi B) protists C) animals D) plants 7) E) bacteria 8) Cells that possess a nucleus and a membrane system that establishes internal compartments belong in which of the following groups? A) Archaea B) Bacteria C) viruses D) eukaryotes 8) 9) Humans belong to which of the following domains? A) Bacteria B) Eukarya C) vertebrates 9) D) Archaea Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou Test Bank for Biology of Humans 6th Edition by Goodenough Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou 10) Which of the following levels of organization would a single-celled organism be excluded from? A) population B) tissue C) cellular D) molecular 10) 11) How does a population differ from an ecosystem? A) An ecosystem includes a community, whereas a population does not B) A population consists of all living organisms in an area, whereas an ecosystem consists of only one species C) A population consists of all living organisms in the area, whereas an ecosystem consists of all living and nonliving aspects of an area D) An ecosystem and a population are identical; they are two terms for the same concept 11) 12) Living organisms are members of all of the levels listed; however, rocks are components of A) the community B) the population C) the ecosystem D) an organism 12) 13) A statement such as "If human body temperature increases to a certain level, then critical proteins will be denatured" would most likely be associated with A) deductive reasoning B) a conclusion C) inductive reasoning D) a hypothesis 13) 14) "An athlete who uses dietary supplements will perform better than one who doesn't." This statement would be an example of which of the following? A) hypothesis B) inductive reasoning C) theory D) clinical trial 14) 15) Researchers testing new drugs usually give the drug to one group of people and give placebos, "sugar pills," to another group The group receiving the placebo A) is needed so that the test will be repeated enough times B) is the control group C) is a backup in case some of the people getting the drug drop out of the test D) constitutes the experimental group 15) 16) Which process used to solve problems in science involves accumulating facts through observation until the evidence leads to a general statement about nature? A) theory B) hypothesis C) deductive reasoning D) inductive reasoning 16) 17) In a double-blind experiment, A) the researchers are unaware of which participants are in the experimental and control groups B) participants are randomly assigned to a control or experimental group C) the participants are unaware of whether they are in the experimental or control groups because of the use of placebos D) All of the above are true 17) 18) The term variable refers to one of two variables involved in an experiment, in which neither variable can be isolated as having an effect B) confounding C) multiple D) statistical A) blind 18) Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou Test Bank for Biology of Humans 6th Edition by Goodenough Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou 19) During phase I clinical trials, a new drug is tested A) in an animal model B) on a few hundred human volunteers C) on fewer than 100 human volunteers D) on thousands of human volunteers 19) 20) A study shows that people who eat fish three times a week live longer Based on this study, which of the following can you not conclude? A) Fish is a healthy choice of food B) There is a correlation between eating fish in the diet and the length of life C) Eating fish causes longer life D) All of the above can be concluded based on this study 20) 21) Information literacy involves the ability to A) evaluate and apply information to a problem B) recognize what you need to know C) locate relevant information D) All of the above are correct 21) SHORT ANSWER Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question 22) is the ability to maintain a relatively constant internal environment 22) 23) Traits that enable an organism to survive and reproduce in its natural environment are called 23) 24) The domain Eukarya has kingdoms 24) 25) A community and its physical environment are often referred to as a(n) 25) 26) A(n) is all of the species in an ecosystem that can interact in a geographic area 26) 27) All individuals of a species that can interbreed in an area are called a(n) 27) 28) A(n) is a group of similar cells that perform the same function 28) 29) The smallest functional unit of life is known as a(n) 29) 30) A(n) group is treated like an experimental group, except for the one variable being tested 30) 31) An educated guess or a testable statement used to answer a question about observations is referred to as a(n) 31) 32) reasoning involves gathering facts that lead toward a logical generalized statement or conclusion 32) 33) A(n) is a substance that appears to be identical to a drug being tested but has no known effect on the condition being studied 33) Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou Test Bank for Biology of Humans 6th Edition by Goodenough Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou 34) A(n) involves drug testing on humans 34) 35) When making scientific decisions in one's life, it is best to ask questions, gather and evaluate information and evidence, and carefully consider the sources of the material This process is called 35) MATCHING Choose the item in column that best matches each item in column Match each definition in the first column to the correct term in the second column 36) A nondrug substance made to look like a real drug A) Critical thinking 36) B) Metabolism 37) The collection of all chemical reactions that occur in a cell 38) A testable explanation for an observation 39) A well-supported explanation for a particular scientific phenomenon 40) A document that lists all potential negative effects of participation in a study 41) These examine patterns within populations to find a correlation between a variable and its suspected effects 37) C) Theory D) Informed consent agreement 38) E) Ecosystem 39) F) Epidemiologic studies G) Hypothesis 40) H) Adaptive trait I) Placebo 41) J) Homeostasis 42) The process of evaluating evidence and its source carefully before drawing conclusions 42) 43) Specific areas in which certain living organisms interact with their environment 43) 44) The ability to maintain a relatively constant internal environment 44) 45) A genetic trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce in its environment 45) Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou Test Bank for Biology of Humans 6th Edition by Goodenough Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou ESSAY Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper 46) A particular virus consists of only DNA and proteins Viruses attach to the surface of a host cell and inject the viral DNA into the host The host cell then copies the viral DNA and makes new viruses Eventually, the host cell is killed, and the new viruses are released These new viruses search for new hosts to continue the cycle Identify and apply at least three characteristics of life to justify whether a virus is a living thing 47) List and briefly explain the organization of life, beginning at the molecular level and continuing through the biosphere 48) Explain how the destruction of the original tropical forests will affect the development of new medicines 49) How can you test the following statement using the scientific methodology? "Exam performance improves as the amount of sleep obtained the night before an exam increases." 50) It is notoriously difficult to perform unbiased studies when human subjects are used When governmental agencies such as the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) are trying to determine the validity of scientific claims, they very closely examine the methods used in the experiments What are the three phases of clinical trial, and which one(s) must a drug pass in order to be sold in U.S markets? 51) Lately, many claims concerning the health benefits of green tea have appeared in the news Suppose you read a claim that says drinking green tea causes weight loss The information provided states that participants were weighed at the beginning of the study, were then asked to drink cups of green tea every day for weeks, and finally were weighed at the end of the study Participants who drank the tea for weeks seemed to have lost some weight by the end of the study, so the researchers concluded that green tea is helpful for weight loss This study has some obvious holes in it Explain three things that could be done to improve the design of this study Do not assume any information other that what has been provided MULTIPLE CHOICE Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question 52) My primary health care provider can be A) a doctor, a nurse practitioner, or a physician assistant B) only a physician C) a health insurance company D) only an MD 52) 53) As a patient, you should A) accept all the decisions that medical professionals make B) develop health literacy C) not have a primary health care provider D) never ask questions 53) 54) Your younger brother has cut himself with a rusty knife he found in the garden The wound is not life threatening, but it is deep enough that it makes you concerned You would A) make an appointment with his physician B) take him to a DO C) take him to an ER D) make an appointment with his primary health care provider 54) Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou Test Bank for Biology of Humans 6th Edition by Goodenough Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou 55) How inpatients differ from outpatients? A) Inpatients are admitted to a hospital for at least one night B) Inpatients have internal pain, whereas outpatients have outside wounds C) Inpatients have an infectious disease D) Inpatients cannot wait for a doctor patiently 55) 56) When you chose your physician, it is important that A) he or she work in a big hospital and not in private care B) you feel comfortable with his or her style C) he or she be both an MD and a DO D) he or she have e-mail and phone access 24/7 56) 57) You can receive public information about your physician from A) the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention B) the U.S Food and Drug Administration C) the Federation of State Medical Boards D) the U.S Environmental Protection Agency 57) 58) If you are not satisfied with your physician, A) your insurance company requires you to stay with him or her B) you should go to the ER with every symptom C) you are allowed to find another one who better suits your needs D) it is too late to find a new one because you signed a contract 58) 59) For your first meeting with your physician, you should A) prepare a list of medical questions and concerns B) make an extensive web search about your symptoms and bring printouts to your meeting C) always go alone because confidential information is being discussed D) bring prescribed medications only; your vitamins or over-the-counter pills not matter 59) 60) You can ask your doctor A) what to if you not receive your test results B) whether your weight or blood pressure is in a healthy range C) whether your new medication will interact with any dietary supplements you are taking D) All of the above are true 60) 61) It is your responsibility to A) read the label every time you open a new medication B) follow up if test results not arrive C) find a doctor you feel comfortable talking to D) All of the above are true 61) 62) Your doctor recommends that you undergo a major surgery You should A) immediately make an appointment for the surgery B) visit the ER C) seek a second opinion from another doctor D) ignore his or her recommendation 62) Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou Test Bank for Biology of Humans 6th Edition by Goodenough Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou 63) Your health care agent cannot A) make health care decisions for you B) be any other person but your physician C) be an employee of the health care provider unless he or she is a member of your family D) be younger than 12 but older that 18 years old 63) 64) When you need to go to a hospital for a surgery, you should A) relax and try to avoid asking questions B) pick the nearest hospital for convenience C) go to a hospital that is known to have success in treating your medical condition D) trust the nurses and doctors there because medical errors in hospitals are very rare 64) 65) Which is not true of medical errors? A) They are always the fault of the physician B) They can be the result of an incorrect lab test C) They can be the result of faulty equipment D) They are the third leading cause of death in the United States 65) SHORT ANSWER Write the word or phrase that best completes each statement or answers the question 66) Doctors who pass an examination designed and administered by the specialty board are referred to as 66) 67) A(n) can act as your legal representative and has the right to make health care decisions for you if your doctor decides you are unable to make them yourself 67) 68) Between 210,000 and 400,000 people die each year in the United States as a result of medical errors in hospitals This number makes medical errors the leading cause of death 68) ESSAY Write your answer in the space provided or on a separate sheet of paper 69) Look at the label above What is the name of your primary health care provider? Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou Test Bank for Biology of Humans 6th Edition by Goodenough Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou 70) Look at the label above What is the maximum time you should keep this medication? 71) You are a very healthy 23-year-old You complete a health care proxy and name your 19-year-old brother as your health care agent Can he be legally your health care agent? What will be his responsibilities? Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou Test Bank for Biology of Humans 6th Edition by Goodenough Full file atKey https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou Answer Testname: UNTITLED26 1) D 2) A 3) B 4) A 5) C 6) C 7) E 8) D 9) B 10) B 11) A 12) C 13) A 14) A 15) B 16) D 17) D 18) B 19) C 20) C 21) D 22) Homeostasis 23) adaptive traits 24) four 25) ecosystem 26) community 27) population 28) tissue 29) cell 30) control 31) hypothesis 32) Inductive 33) placebo 34) clinical trial 35) critical thinking 36) I 37) B 38) G 39) C 40) D 41) F 42) A 43) E 44) J 45) H 46) Whether a virus is a living thing is debatable Students may argue that a virus is not alive because it does not reproduce on its own, it is not made of cells, etc However, a student may argue in the other direction based on his or her interpretation of the characteristics of life For example, the student might answer that viruses reproduce by coercing their host cells into copying their contents Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou Test Bank for Biology of Humans 6th Edition by Goodenough Full file atKey https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou Answer Testname: UNTITLED26 47) Molecules exist in the cell, which is the basic unit of life, and cells can be arranged to form tissues, which in turn can form organs Organs can be arranged into organ systems that carry out a particular physiological function Cells, tissues, organs, and organ systems make up an individual organism A group of individuals of the same species in a given area form a population Many populations in an ecosystem make up a community, and all living organisms and abiotic factors that support life on Earth form the biosphere 48) More than 25% of the prescription medicines in the United States contain chemicals that came from medically important plants Important medicines, such as aspirin and digitalis, were discovered in plants that had been used as folk remedies The majority of plant species are in tropical forests Deforestation will result in the loss of many plant species, and humanity will have no way of knowing what potential new medicines are being destroyed 49) The students should formulate a hypothesis, design an experiment that tests their hypothesis, have a control group, explain how they will collect data, and explain how they will analyze their data 50) Phase I tests whether the drug is safe for humans, determines the effective dosage range, and identifies side effects Phase II tests whether the drug works for its intended purpose Phase III tests how the drug compares to already existing, available treatments A drug needs to pass all three phases to be approved by the FDA 51) The student can suggest that a control group be used and/or that placebos be used Also, the study could be double-blind 52) A 53) B 54) C 55) A 56) B 57) C 58) C 59) A 60) D 61) D 62) C 63) C 64) C 65) A 66) board certified 67) health care agent 68) third 69) Dr C Jones 70) years The prescription fill date is 6/23/09, but the medication should not be used after 6/23/12; therefore, the medication has a 3-year shelf life 71) Any person at least 18 years old can serve as your health care agent Your agent, acting as your legal representative, will have the right to make health care decisions for you if your doctor decides you are unable to make them yourself Such decisions include whether to have medical tests and treatments and when to start and stop treatments 10 Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu/Test-Bank-for-Biology-of-Humans-6th-Edition-by-Goodenou ... https://TestbankDirect.eu /Test- Bank- for- Biology- of- Humans- 6th- Edition- by- Goodenou Test Bank for Biology of Humans 6th Edition by Goodenough Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu /Test- Bank- for- Biology- of- Humans- 6th- Edition- by- Goodenou... https://TestbankDirect.eu /Test- Bank- for- Biology- of- Humans- 6th- Edition- by- Goodenou Test Bank for Biology of Humans 6th Edition by Goodenough Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu /Test- Bank- for- Biology- of- Humans- 6th- Edition- by- Goodenou... https://TestbankDirect.eu /Test- Bank- for- Biology- of- Humans- 6th- Edition- by- Goodenou Test Bank for Biology of Humans 6th Edition by Goodenough Full file at https://TestbankDirect.eu /Test- Bank- for- Biology- of- Humans- 6th- Edition- by- Goodenou