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DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Math Concept Reader On the Menu: Bamboo, Figs, and Other Tasty Treats ca42os_lay_070102aF_cp.indd 1/7/07 12:34:47 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF ca42os_lay_070102aF_cp.indd 1/7/07 12:34:47 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Math Concept Reader On the Menu: Bamboo, Figs, and Other Tasty Treats By Sarah Mastrianni Copyright © Gareth Stevens, Inc All rights reserved Developed for Harcourt, Inc., by Gareth Stevens, Inc This edition published by Harcourt, Inc., by agreement with Gareth Stevens, Inc No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the copyright holder Requests for permission to make copies of any part of the work should be addressed to Permissions Department, Gareth Stevens, Inc., 330 West Olive Street, Suite 100, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53212 Fax: 414-332-3567 HARCOURT and the Harcourt Logo are trademarks of Harcourt, Inc., registered in the United States of America and/or other jurisdictions Printed in the United States of America ISBN 13: 978-0-15-360188-0 ISBN 10: 0-15-360188-4 10 179 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 08 07 ca42os_lay_070102aF_cp.indd 1/7/07 12:34:47 AM DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Chapter 1: Bonkers for Bamboo and Eucalyptus Amanda is a zookeeper Her days are always busy There are more than 2,000 animals to feed at her zoo From apes to zebras, zookeepers take care of them all As a zookeeper, Amanda has many different responsibilities Today Amanda’s first job is to make sure there is enough food for the Giant Panda for the week The panda is nearly two years old, but he eats 12 pounds of bamboo a day! Amanda does the math × 12 = 84; 84 pounds of bamboo Twelve pounds a day for seven days is 84 pounds of bamboo Amanda has more than 100 pounds of fresh bamboo There is plenty to last the week  ca42os_lay_070102aF_cp.indd 1/7/07 12:34:49 AM Giant Pandas love bamboo They can eat 12 pounds of bamboo a day! Most of the bamboo fed to the pandas is grown right at the zoo There are four acres of land that are used to grow bamboo here Zoo workers harvest eight tons of the plant each year That means about two tons of bamboo grow on each acre Amanda is always amazed by that fact, as well as by the large number of other uses for bamboo It isn’t just used to feed pandas Some people use bamboo to make furniture, forks, and spoons It can even be used to make paper There are so many kinds of bamboo at Amanda’s zoo Some visitors spend a whole afternoon just learning about this incredible, tall grass ( Koalas must eat a lot of eucalyptus leaves to get all the nutrients they need Amanda stops to see the koalas before starting her next task She is surprised The koalas are awake Koalas can sleep as many as 20 hours each day They are often found nestled in the fork of a tree Amanda knows some people think koalas are cuddly because their fur looks thick and soft However, their fur actually feels like the wool on a sheep One koala weighs only about 20 pounds It can eat as much as three pounds of food a day Amanda knows they eat a lot because eucalyptus is not very nutritious, or healthy The koalas have to eat large amounts of the leaves to get all the nutrients they need ) Amanda needs to order more food for the koalas The koalas are picky eaters They eat only the leaves of the eucalyptus tree Koalas eat between one and three pounds of eucalyptus leaves each day Koalas are one of very few species that can eat eucalyptus These leaves contain toxins, or poisons, so most animals won’t eat them Koalas, however, have adapted to the toxin Their bodies have found a way to not be harmed by the plant Amanda orders enough of the leaves for three pounds of food each day for each of the five koalas She must order 15 pounds of food to last one day × = 15 Each koala will get pounds of eucalyptus a day × = 15; 15 pounds of eucalyptus * DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Chapter 2: Apples and Figs – One Pound Each Please Amanda smiles as she leaves the koalas She heads over to the zoo’s newest mammal—an orangutan This orangutan is on loan from another zoo It will be here for several months Orangutans are the only great apes that come from Asia The other great apes come from Africa Amanda is excited to have this ape at the zoo because she knows orangutans tend to have their own personalities They often have strong likes and dislikes In their native environment, orangutans eat bark, leaves, flowers, and insects Most importantly, they eat fruit Amanda checks a thick binder of notes that came with the orangutan She reads that this orangutan loves apples and figs  ca42os_lay_070102aF_cp.indd 1/7/07 12:34:59 AM Orangutans in the wild and in zoos love to eat fruit This orangutan has a mouth full of figs! In the wild, orangutans spend most of their lives in trees They swing from branch to branch Nearly all of the food orangutans eat grows in the treetops Rain fills leaves with water for them to drink Amanda wants to be sure she has enough fruit for the orangutan for the next six days She checks her supplies Amanda weighs the fruit on a scale She sees she has 12 pounds of apples and figs The animal should have about two pounds of fruit each day She does the math 12 ÷ = 2; pounds of fruit She has plenty of fruit for the orangutan Amanda leaves some fruit out before she heads to her next stop , Welcome to the Zoo! Zoo Volunteer May I help you? Amanda has been busy making sure there is enough food for the animals Now she is happy to meet a group of trained volunteers They help at the zoo in many ways Today, Amanda has three jobs for the volunteers She needs help greeting visitors at the zoo’s entrance and planting beds of flowers in one of the zoo’s many gardens She also needs help repairing an empty zoo building It is being fixed up in order to house some new animal exhibits Amanda is thrilled to see that nine volunteers are at the zoo She is always happy to have extra help She must figure out how many volunteers to assign to each job - Gardening Construction Welcome to the Zoo! 9÷3=3 There are three volunteers for each job Amanda lists the three jobs she needs help with on her clipboard She asks if anyone has a special interest because she wants to put the people in jobs they will enjoy All the people say they are just happy to help out and will any of the three jobs She figures out that with nine volunteers she will need three people to work on each job ÷ = 3; people for each job Amanda asks three people to help at the entrance She asks three more volunteers who grow flowers at home to help with the garden The remaining three volunteers leave to work on the building Amanda will check on the volunteers later DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Chapter 3: The Elephants Need Their Hay and Carrots! Once Amanda knows the volunteers are set, she checks on a food delivery Four trucks carrying several tons of hay for the elephants have arrived at the zoo Hay is just one of the foods elephants eat They also eat large amounts of leaves, grass, and tree bark Elephants are such large animals They can eat for nearly twenty hours a day Trucks with food and supplies not come through the main zoo entrance They have a special place where they enter the zoo When Amanda arrives at the delivery entrance, the four trucks are waiting for her Each truck carries two tons of hay The drivers have paperwork Amanda must sign for the delivery 10 ca42os_lay_070102aF_cp.indd 10 1/7/07 12:35:06 AM Tons of Hay Tons of Hay Tons of Hay Tons of Hay 4×2=8 The four trucks delivered tons of hay Amanda makes sure the trucks are delivering exactly what she ordered before she signs the papers Amanda knows there are eight tons of hay since each truck carries two tons × = 8; tons of hay Perfect—that is exactly what she ordered Amanda signs the delivery paperwork She smiles and thanks the truck drivers The drivers, who deliver all kinds of food to the zoo, head off to unload the hay near the elephants Elephants are plant eaters Amanda knows it takes a lot of food to feed an elephant An adult African elephant can weigh more than 10,000 pounds Wild elephants can eat up to 440 pounds of food each day! && Elephants love carrots Zookeepers sometimes fill treat balls with carrots for their elephants Seeing the hay reminds Amanda to think about other things elephants eat She knows that hay is not the only food in their diets They also eat a lot of carrots Amanda decides this is a good time to weigh some carrots which she will later put inside treat balls for the elephants Elephants enjoy the treat-filled balls They are large and very hard to break They have small holes in them Amanda can put up to 12 pounds of food inside each ball Then she gives the balls to the elephants who try to get food out through the holes They spend hours playing with treat balls They usually kick them around, but sometimes an elephant will stomp on one! &' Amanda stops to play with the baby elephant after leaving treat balls filled with carrots for the elephants Amanda wants to stuff each of the three treat balls with carrots for the elephants Sometimes she fills them with nuts and raisins Today she will fill them with carrots She places three empty buckets on a scale, knowing each bucket can hold about 12 pounds of carrots She multiplies to find out how many pounds of carrots the three buckets will hold all together × 12 = 36; 36 pounds of carrots The three buckets can hold 36 pounds of carrots in all Amanda fills the treat balls with carrots and then heads down the zoo path to see the elephants The carrots will be a tasty treat for the large animals &( Guide Guide Guide Guide Guide Guide 12 ÷ = Each tour guide will get stacks of pamphlets Soon Amanda heads to the main office and sees new pamphlets in a box on her desk The pamphlets tell visitors about the elephants at the zoo They have many interesting facts including how much the elephants eat and drink, and how much they sleep Amanda needs to set out the pamphlets for six tour guides who will work tomorrow The box contains 12 stacks of pamphlets 12 ÷ = 2; stacks of pamphlets Twelve stacks of pamphlets divided among six tour guides equal two stacks of pamphlets for each guide She places two stacks of pamphlets on a table for each of the six tour guides The tour guides will find them in the morning &) Another zookeeper at Amanda’s zoo feeds the rhinos Amanda is done with her work for the day Before she heads home, she takes a walk through the zoo once more She passes many of the animals she took care of earlier that day She recalls what a busy day it has been and thinks about her job She is happy that her job allows her to so many different things She orders food for the animals, checks on deliveries, and assigns tasks to volunteers She also feeds the animals and prepares treats for them There is a lot of math involved in all of those jobs She wouldn’t want to work anywhere else Amanda loves the zoo and looks forward to another busy day tomorrow &* DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Glossary exhibit something on display for others to see eucalyptus a type of evergreen tree that is native to Australia and its neighboring islands Eucalyptus leaves have an oil that can be used as a medicine nutrient a source of nourishment nutritious giving nourishment orangutan an ape with long arms and reddish brown hair that lives in trees Photo Credits: cover, p 13 © Stephanie Maze/Corbis; p © Corbis Sygma; p © Inga Spence/Visuals Unlimited; p © R.Dirscherl/ FLPA; p 15 © George D Lepp/Corbis 16 ca42os_lay_070102aF_cp.indd 16 1/7/07 12:35:17 AM Think and Respond Hippos spend most of their days in shallow water At night, they like to graze on grass If a hippo grazes for about six hours a day, how many hours does a hippo graze in one week? Remember, there are seven days in a week There are four giraffes at a watering hole at the zoo During the course of the day, they each drink 10 gallons of water How many gallons of water the four giraffes drink in all? There are three kangaroo exhibits at the zoo and a total of 12 kangaroos Each exhibit has the same number of kangaroos How many kangaroos are in each exhibit? Write your own multiplication or division problem Think of an animal that might live at the zoo Research how much food and the types of food the animal eats Show a number sentence that you can use to solve the problem  ... with the garden The remaining three volunteers leave to work on the building Amanda will check on the volunteers later DIGITAL FINAL PROOF Chapter 3: The Elephants Need Their Hay and Carrots! Once... pamphlets on a table for each of the six tour guides The tour guides will find them in the morning &) Another zookeeper at Amanda’s zoo feeds the rhinos Amanda is done with her work for the day... Remember, there are seven days in a week There are four giraffes at a watering hole at the zoo During the course of the day, they each drink 10 gallons of water How many gallons of water the four