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LỜI NĨI ĐẦU Tổng điều tra nơng thơn, nông nghiệp thủy sản Tổng cục Thống kê tiến hành lần vào năm 1994 Từ năm 2001, Tổng điều tra thuộc Chương trình điều tra thống kê quốc gia với chu kỳ năm/lần Tổng điều tra nông thôn, nông nghiệp thủy sản năm 2016 Tổng điều tra lần thứ 5, tiến hành phạm vi nước vào thời điểm 01/7/2016 theo Quyết định số 1225/QĐ-TTg ngày 31/7/2015 Thủ tướng Chính phủ Mục tiêu chủ yếu Tổng điều tra nhằm thu thập thông tin nông dân, nông nghiệp nông thôn, phục vụ việc đánh giá tình hình, xây dựng kế hoạch, sách, chiến lược phát triển kinh tế - xã hội đất nước Nội dung thông tin thu thập tập trung vào mặt chủ yếu sau đây: Thông tin đánh giá thực trạng kinh tế - xã hội nông thôn; tình hình sản xuất nơng, lâm nghiệp thủy sản; kết thực số tiêu Chương trình mục tiêu quốc gia cơng nghiệp hóa, đại hóa nơng nghiệp, nơng thơn xây dựng nơng thơn Cuộc Tổng điều tra có quy mơ lớn, liên quan tới 8.978 xã 79.898 thôn; gần 16,0 triệu hộ nông thôn 1,0 triệu hộ thành thị hoạt động nông, lâm nghiệp, diêm nghiệp thủy sản; gần 33,5 nghìn trang trại nhiều đơn vị điều tra khác Ngoài ra, kết Tổng điều tra xử lý, tổng hợp cập nhật tình hình sản xuất kinh doanh doanh nghiệp hợp tác xã nông, lâm nghiệp, thủy sản lồng ghép Điều tra doanh nghiệp năm 2016 Tổng cục Thống kê Để tiến hành Tổng điều tra, Ban Chỉ đạo Tổng điều tra Trung ương Ban Chỉ đạo Tổng điều tra địa phương huy động 18 vạn điều tra viên, tổ trưởng giám sát viên tham gia liên tục từ 01/7/2016 đến 30/7/2016 Cuộc Tổng điều tra thực thành công, đạt mục tiêu, kế hoạch đề Tháng 12/2016, Ban Chỉ đạo Tổng điều tra Trung ương công bố kết tổng hợp nhanh ngày 09/10/2017 Họp báo cơng bố tóm tắt kết thức Đáp ứng yêu cầu sử dụng đầy đủ kết thức Tổng điều tra quan, tổ chức, cá nhân, Tổng cục Thống kê biên soạn ấn phẩm “Kết Tổng điều tra nông thôn, nông nghiệp thủy sản năm 2016” với phần chính: (1) Tổng quan tình hình kinh tế - xã hội nơng thôn sản xuất nông, lâm nghiệp, thủy sản 2011-2016; (2) Một số tiêu chủ yếu kết Tổng điều tra năm 2016 Hy vọng ấn phẩm cung cấp thêm thông tin phục vụ công tác quản lý điều hành Đảng, Quốc hội, Chính phủ, địa phương nhu cầu nghiên cứu tổ chức, cá nhân nước quốc tế Nhân dịp này, với vị trí quan thường trực Ban Chỉ đạo Tổng điều tra Trung ương, Tổng cục Thống kê chân thành cảm ơn Bộ, ngành, địa phương, tổ chức cá nhân phối hợp chặt chẽ trình tiến hành Tổng điều tra này./ TỔNG CỤC THỐNG KÊ FOREWORD The first Rural, Agricultural and Fishery Census was conducted by the General Statistics Office in 1994 This Census has been included in the National Statistical Survey Program since 2001, to be conducted on a five year basis The Rural, Agricultural and Fishery Census 2016 was the fifth Census round, implemented throughout the country as on July 1st, 2016 in accordance with the Decision No 1225/QĐ-TTg dated July 31st, 2015 by the Prime Minister The key objective of the Census was to collect fundamental information about farmers, agriculture and rural areas to support the assessment of the situation, to make plans, policies, and strategies for national socio-economic development The information collected can be grouped as follows: The information for assessment of the rural socio-economic situation; the agricultural, forestry and fishery production; outcomes of efforts in achieving some targets of the National Targeted Programs on industrialization and modernization of agriculture, rural areas, and new rural development The scope of the Census was large enough to cover 8,978 communes and 79,898 villages; approximately 16 million of rural households and more than million of urban households are working in agriculture, forestry, salt production and fishery; and almost 33.5 thousand farms and other surveyed units In addition, the findings of the Census are also used for processing, synthesizing and updating the production and business situation of agricultural, forestry, and fishery enterprises and cooperatives which was integrated in the Enterprise Survey in 2016 of the General Statistics Office In order to conduct the Census, the Central Census Steering Committee and Local Census Steering Committees have mobilized more than 180,000 interviewers, team leaders and supervisors to work continuously from July 1st, 2016 to July 30th, 2016 The Census has been conducted successfully, and met the set targets and plans In December 2016, the Central Census Steering Committee published the constant estimated findings; and the summarized official findings was disseminated in the Press Conference on October 9th, 2017 To satisfy the users’ needs of using the comprehensive official findings of the Census, the General Statistics Office has compiled the publication “Results of the Rural, Agricultural and Fishery Census 2016” with two key components: (1) Overview of the socio-economic context in rural areas and agricultural, forestry and fishery production 2011-2016; (2) Some key indicators of the findings from the Census 2016 Hopefully, this publication will provide additional information to support the management and direction of the Party, the National Assembly, the Central Government, local governments, and to support research by national and international organizations and individuals On this occasion, as the Standing Agency of the Central Census Steering Committee, the General Statistics Office would like to convey sincere thanks to all organizations and individuals for tight cooperation during this Census./ GENERAL STATISTICS OFFICE MỤC LỤC - TABLE OF CONTENTS Trang Page LỜI NÓI ĐẦU FOREWORD PHẦN THỨ NHẤT: Tổng quan tình hình kinh tế - xã hội nông thôn sản xuất nông, lâm nghiệp, thủy sản 2011- 2016 PART I: Overview of the socio-economic context in rural areas and agricultural, forestry and fishery production 2011-2016 I TÌNH HÌNH KINH TẾ - XÃ HỘI NƠNG THÔN THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONTEXT IN RURAL AREAS Thành tựu phát triển kinh tế - xã hội nông thôn Achievements of socio-economic development in rural areas 55 57 57 1.1 Kết cấu hạ tầng nông thôn tăng cường The rural infrastructure had been strengthened 57 1.2 Hình thức hỗ trợ kinh tế nơng thơn phát triển rộng khắp Different forms of support to rural economy had been developed extensively 18 68 1.3 Cơ cấu kinh tế nơng thơn có chuyển dịch tích cực, theo hướng nâng cao dần tỷ trọng ngành nghề phi nông, lâm nghiệp thủy sản The rural economic structure was transiting positively, oriented by increasing share of non-agricultural sectors 1.4 Làng nghề ngày phát huy vai trò quan trọng kinh tế nông thôn Craft villages played an increasingly important role in rural economy 1.5 Chương trình mục tiêu quốc gia xây dựng nông thôn triển khai rộng khắp đạt kết quan trọng The National Target program on New Rural Development had been implemented extensively and had achieved important results 1.6 Bộ máy lãnh đạo điều kiện làm việc quyền cấp xã kiện toàn thêm bước The leadership and working conditions of commune government had been further improved 1.7 Đời sống dân cư nông thôn tiếp tục cải thiện Living conditions of rural community had been further improved Hạn chế, bất cập phát triển kinh tế - xã hội nông thôn Shortcomings and constrains in socio-economic development in rural areas 2.1 Kết cấu hạ tầng số vùng, địa phương yếu Infrastructure was still weak on some local areas 2.2 Cơ cấu kinh tế chuyển dịch chậm, kinh tế nông thôn chủ yếu kinh tế nông, lâm nghiệp thủy sản The rural economic structure was transiting slowly, rural economy was still mainly dominated by agricultural, forestry and fishery economic activities 2.3 Kết xây dựng nơng thơn hạn chế The results of new rural development were still limited 21 72 25 76 27 78 29 81 31 83 34 87 34 87 35 88 36 89 2.4 Đời sống phận dân cư nơng thơn khó khăn, mơi trường chưa thực xanh, sạch, đẹp A part of rural population were still struggling in their lives, the environment was not very green, clean and nice 2.5 Chất lượng lao động thấp trở ngại lớn phát triển kinh tế - xã hội nông thôn Low labor quality was a major barrier to socio-economic development in rural areas II TÌNH HÌNH SẢN XUẤT NƠNG, LÂM NGHIỆP VÀ THỦY SẢN THE SITUATION OF AGRICULTURAL, FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTION Thành tựu phát triển nông, lâm nghiệp thủy sản Achievements in development of agriculture, forestry and fishery 37 90 38 91 39 92 39 92 1.1 Sản xuất cấu lại The production was being restructured 39 92 1.2 Ruộng đất tích tụ với khâu đột phá dồn điền đổi xây dựng cánh đồng lớn Farm land had been consolidated with the breakthrough in exchanging or merging farming plots and developing large-scale fields 43 97 1.3 Ứng dụng khoa học công nghệ, giới hóa sản xuất liên kết theo chuỗi giá trị có bước phát triển Application of science, technology, and mechanization in production and the linkage according to value chains had experienced new development milestones 100 1.4 Kinh tế trang trại tiếp tục phát triển có hiệu Farm economy continued to develop with high efficiency 49 104 Hạn chế, bất cập sản xuất nông, lâm nghiệp thủy sản Shortcomings and constrains in agricultural, forestry and fishery production 46 51 106 2.1 Sản xuất nhỏ phổ biến Small-scale production was still common 51 106 2.2 Ứng dụng khoa học công nghệ, giới hóa sản xuất hạn chế Limited application of science, technology and mechanization in production 52 107 2.3 Hiệu sản xuất chưa cao The production efficiency was not very high 53 108 PHẦN THỨ HAI: Một số tiêu chủ yếu kết Tổng điều tra năm 2016 PART II: Some key indicators of the findings from the Census 2016 111 I CHỈ TIÊU CHỦ YẾU VỀ KINH TẾ - XÃ HỘI NÔNG THÔN KEY INDICATORS OF THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IN RURAL AREAS 115 II TÌNH HÌNH SẢN XUẤT NƠNG, LÂM NGHIỆP VÀ THỦY SẢN THE SITUATION OF AGRICULTURAL, FORESTRY AND FISHERY PRODUCTION 477 PHỤ LỤC - APPENDIX Phụ lục Phương án Tổng điều tra nông thôn, nông nghiệp thủy sản năm 2016 (Tóm tắt) Appendix Methodology of rural, agricultural, forestry anh fishery Census 2016 (Summary) 669 677 Phụ lục - Một số khái niệm Appendix - Some definitions 673 680 PHẦN THỨ NHẤT Tổng quan tình hình kinh tế - xã hội nơng thôn sản xuất nông, lâm nghiệp, thủy sản 2011-2016 I TÌNH HÌNH KINH TẾ - XÃ HỘI NÔNG THÔN Thành tựu phát triển kinh tế - xã hội nông thôn 1.1 Kết cấu hạ tầng nông thôn tăng cường Theo kết Tổng điều tra, thời điểm 01/7/2016, khu vực nông thôn nước có 8.978 xã 79.898 thơn, ấp, (sau gọi chung thôn), giảm 93 xã giảm 1.006 thôn so với thời điểm 01/7/2011 Số xã số thôn giảm năm qua chủ yếu trình thị hóa, có tách chuyển số địa bàn từ khu vực nông thôn sang khu vực thành thị Trong tổng số 8.978 xã thời điểm 01/7/2016, miền núi có 2.118 xã, chiếm 23,6%; vùng cao 2.167 xã, chiếm 24,1%; hải đảo 59 xã, chiếm 0,7% vùng khác 4.634 xã, chiếm 51,6% Bảng Số xã, số thôn số hộ, số nhân nông thơn qua kỳ Tổng điều tra Đơn vị tính Số xã Số thôn Số hộ Số nhân Số lượng 2011 Năm 2016 so với 2011 2016 Số lượng Tỷ lệ (%) Xã 9.071 8.978 -93 98,97 Thôn 80.904 79.898 -1.006 98,76 Nghìn hộ 15.343,8 15.987,5 643,7 104,20 Nghìn người 58.201,0 57.668,9 -532,1 99,09 Trong năm 2011-2016, cấp, ngành từ Trung ương đến địa phương triển khai có hiệu nhiều chủ trương, sách, giải pháp phát triển kinh tế - xã hội nông thơn Bộ mặt nơng thơn có biến đổi sâu sắc, đầu tư xây dựng kết cấu hạ tầng Thực phương châm “Nhà nước nhân dân làm”, hầu hết sở hạ tầng quan trọng hệ thống điện, giao thông, trường học, trạm y tế, thiết chế văn hóa, hệ thống bảo vệ môi trường xã, thôn tăng cường đáng kể (1) Hệ thống điện đến với tất xã Trong năm vừa qua, Chính phủ tập trung đạo cấp, ngành triển khai liệt Nghị Đảng điện khí hóa nơng thôn Đến thời điểm 01/7/2016, hệ thống cung cấp điện vươn tới tất xã hầu hết thơn Năm 2011, nước 17 xã chưa có điện, năm 2016 tất xã có điện phục vụ sản xuất đời sống nhân dân Tỷ lệ xã có điện tăng từ 99,8% năm 2011 lên 100% năm 2016 Trong giai đoạn 2006-2011 có vùng Tây Ngun, Đơng Nam Bộ Đồng sông Cửu Long đạt tỷ lệ 100% xã có điện, giai đoạn 2011-2016 tất vùng nước đạt tỷ lệ Điện cung cấp cho 78,1 nghìn thơn, chiếm 97,8% tổng số thôn, tăng 2,2 điểm phần trăm so với tỷ lệ đạt năm 2011 Các vùng có tỷ lệ thơn có điện cao gồm: Đồng sông Hồng 99,99%; Đồng sông Cửu Long 99,9%; Đông Nam Bộ 99,8% Năm 2016, nước có 29 tỉnh, thành phố trực thuộc Trung ương đưa điện tới tất thôn Hệ thống lưới điện quốc gia bao phủ gần 77,0 nghìn thơn, chiếm 96,3% tổng số thôn khu vực nông thôn chiếm 98,5% tổng số thơn có điện, cao nhiều so với tỷ lệ 93,4% năm 2011 87,8% năm 2006 Một thành tựu bật phát triển sở hạ tầng điện năm vừa qua đưa điện tới vùng sâu, vùng xa, biên giới hải đảo Tại thời điểm 01/7/2016, tỷ lệ số thôn có điện vùng cao đạt 93,3%; vùng núi 98,9%; hải đảo 99,6% Một số vùng có nhiều địa bàn thuộc vùng núi, vùng cao có nỗ lực lớn đưa điện nông thôn, tăng nhanh tỷ lệ số thơn có điện Năm 2016, tỷ lệ số thơn có điện Trung du miền núi phía Bắc chiếm 94,5% tổng số thôn vùng, tăng 5,3 điểm phần trăm so với năm 2011; Tây Nguyên 99,2%, tăng 1,2 điểm phần trăm Hệ thống điện nhiều xã, thôn thuộc Cô Tô, Lý Sơn, Phú Quốc đảo, quần đảo khác kết nối lưới điện quốc gia Bảng Số xã, số thơn có điện thời điểm 01/7/2016 phân theo vùng Xã có điện Thơn có điện Thơn có điện lưới quốc gia Số xã Tỷ lệ Số thôn Tỷ lệ Số thôn Tỷ lệ (Xã) (%) (Thôn) (%) (Thôn) (%) 8.978 100,0 78.134 97,8 76.963 96,3 Đồng sông Hồng 1.901 100,0 15.072 99,9 15.072 99,9 Trung du miền núi phía Bắc 2.283 100,0 25.418 94,5 24.589 91,4 Bắc Trung Bộ Duyên hải miền Trung 2.436 100,0 19.937 98,9 19.665 79,5 Tây Nguyên 600 100,0 6.109 99,3 6.076 98,7 Đông Nam Bộ 465 100,0 2.994 99,8 2.984 99,4 1.293 100,0 8.604 99,9 8.577 99,6 CẢ NƯỚC Đồng sông Cửu Long (2) Hệ thống giao thông nông thôn tăng số lượng chất lượng Tại thời điểm 01/7/2016, nước có 8.927 xã có đường tơ kết nối UBND xã với UBND huyện, chiếm 99,4% tổng số xã, tăng 0,8 điểm phần trăm so với tỷ lệ năm 2011 Có 5/6 vùng nước đạt 99,0%, vùng Đồng sông Cửu Long đạt 97,8% Tuy nhiên, vùng lại đạt mức tăng số điểm phần trăm cao nước năm 2011-2016 với 4,8 điểm phần trăm Một số địa phương có số điểm phần trăm tăng cao là: Cà Mau tăng 24,4 điểm phần trăm; Bạc Liêu tăng 13,7 điểm phần trăm; Sóc Trăng tăng 11,4 điểm phần trăm Kết điều tra cho thấy, năm 2011 nước có 42/63 tỉnh, thành phố trực thuộc Trung ương đạt 100% số xã có đường ô tô đến trụ sở UBND xã, đến năm 2016 có 48/63 tỉnh, thành phố đạt tiêu 10 Midlands and Mountainous Areas increased from 0.8% to 1.6% The share of fishery laborers rapidly increased in the Mekong River Delta, from 16.2% to 18.1%; the Red River Delta increased from 4.5% to 6.2% Some provinces and cities experienced clear changes in labor structure of agricultural, forestry and fishery sectors, such as: Quang Ninh reduced the share of agricultural laborers from 79.34% in 2011 to 73.91% in 2016, reduced by 5.43 percentage points; the share of fishery laborers increased from 16.95% to 20.60%, an increase of 3.65 percentage points Yen Bai reduced the share of agricultural laborers by 6.21 percentage points; the share of forestry laborers increased by 5.94 percentage points Da Nang reduced the share of agricultural laborers by 10.08 percentage points; the share of fishery laborers increased by 7.36 percentage points Quang Ngai reduced the share of agricultural laborers by 14.33 percentage points; the share of forestry laborers increased by 12.97 percentage points Kien Giang reduced the share of agricultural laborers by 9.57 percentage points; the share of fishery laborers increased by 9.62 percentage points (3) Restructuring the production scales by strengthening large scales Together with restructuring the forms of production arrangement and production sector, the restructuring process for agriculture, forestry and fishery was also conducted by strengthening large-scale production Among 3,846 enterprises operating in agriculture, forestry and fishery in 2015, 1,205 of them had the business capital from 10 billion VDN, accounting for 31.3% of the total number of enterprises, increased by 76.2% compared to the share of the same size enterprises in 2010 In which, the number of enterprises having business capital from 10 billion to under 200 billion increased from 579 enterprises in 2010 to 1,014 enterprises in 2015, equal to an increase of 1.7 times; enterprises with business capital of 200 billion or more increased from 105 enterprises to 191 enterprises, an increase of 1.8 times As the number of large-scale enterprises soared, the average business capital of an enterprise in 2015 reached 59.69 billion VND, 64.4% higher than the average of 36.31 billion in 2010 For production households, as of July 1st, 2016, in terms of crop, there were nearly 49.2 thousand households using annual crop land of or larger, 13.6% larger than that in 2011; 39.5 thousand households were using perennial tree land of or larger, equal to an increase of 15.0% In fishery sector, 12.7 thousand households were using aquaculture land of or larger, increased 21.1% In terms of livestock, number of households raising from buffaloes increased from 26.5 thousand households in 2011 to 43.3 thousand households in 2016, an increase of 63.4%; number of households raising from cows increased from 92.3 thousand households to 172.4 thousand households, an increase of 86.8%; number of households raising from 20 pigs increased from 182.7 thousand households to almost 354.0 thousand households, an increase of 93.7%; and number of households raising from 100 chickens increased from 255.0 thousand households to 360.7 thousand households, an increase of 41.5% Transition of production households oriented by strengthening large scales was also reflected in the farm scale The average land area for annual crops per a farm for annual crops increased from 12 in 2011 to 13.4 in 2016 The average land area per a farm for perennial trees increased from 11.8 in 2011 to 12.2 in 2016 The average production land 96 area for a fishery farm increased from 6.3 to 7.9 In terms of livestocks, number of farms raising from 200 pigs increased from 1,760 farms to 6,120 farms (increase more than 4.3 thousand farms); an increase of 4.3 thousand farms; number of farms raising from thousand chickens increased from 2,058 to 2,635 farms (an increase of 577 farms) 1.2 Farm land had been consolidated with the breakthrough in exchanging or merging farming plots and developing large-scale fields From the requirements for land consolidation in agricultural production to facilitate mechanization of production, to promote intensive farming, to increase production efficiency and especially to create more large-scale agricultural goods production zones with good quality in the period of 2011-2016, provinces had strongly implemented the policy of exchanging or merging farming plots and developing large-scale fields Accordingly, farm land was being consolidated (1) Results of exchanging or merging farming plots Up to July 1st, 2016, the whole country had 2,294 communes exchanging or merging farming plots, accounting for 25.6% of the total communes The area of exchanging or merging farming plots was 693.7 thousand ha, accounting for 6.0% of the total agricultural land area The Red River Delta, the North Central and Central Coastal Areas were regions which extensively implemented exchanging or merging farming plots in provinces in the regions The Red River Delta had 1,314 communes implemented exchanging or merging farming plots, accounting for 69.1% of the total number of communes in the region, with an area of 419.5 thousand ha, accounting for 52.5% of agricultural production land area in the region These indicators for the North Central and Central Coastal Areas were 784 communes, accounting for 32.2% and 253.5 thousand ha, accounting for 11.5% Table Results of exchanging or merging farming plots up to July 1st 2016 Number of communes implementing (Commune) WHOLE COUNTRY Area Proportion of Proportion area implemented communes implemented (Thousand ha) implementing (%) (%) 2,294 693.7 25.6 6.0 1,314 419.5 69.1 52.5 The Northern Midlands and Mountainous Areas 187 16.5 8.2 0.8 The North Central and Central Coastal Areas 784 253.5 32.2 11.5 The Central Highlands 0.1 0.5 0.0 The South East 3.2 0.4 0.2 The Mekong River Delta 1.0 0.3 0.0 The Red River Delta Provinces which had well implemented exchanging or merging farming plots were: Thai Binh had 262 communes implementing, accounting for 98.1% of the communes with the area of 97 84.2 thousand ha, accounting for 89.8% of the total agricultural land area of the province Respective indicators of exchanging or merging farming plots of Nam Dinh were 184 communes, accounting for 94.9%, and 76.7 thousand ha, accounting for 83.9%; Ha Nam: 90 communes, accounting for 91.8%, and 34.9 thousand ha, accounting for 81.9%; Ninh Binh: 102 communes, accounting for 84.3%, and 38.6 thousand ha, accounting for 62.7%; Hai Duong: 176 communes, accounting for 77.5%, and 48.0 thousand ha, accounting for 55.6%; Ha Noi: 292 communes, accounting for 75.7%, and 79.3 thousand ha, accounting for 50.5%; Nghe An: 292 communes, accounting for 67.7%, and 113.2 thousand ha, accounting for 37.2%; Hung Yen: 97 communes, accounting for 66.9%, and 29.7 thousand ha, accounting for 54.8% Thanks to exchanging or merging farming plots, the average area of an agricultural production land plot in Viet Nam had increased from 1,619.7 m2 in 2011 to 1,843.1 m2 in 2016 In which, the Red River Delta increased from 489.0 m2 per plot to 604.4 m2 per plot; the North Central and Central Coastal Areas increased from 1,130.9 m2 per plot to 1,195.0 m2 per plot; the Central Highlands increased from 5,500.2 m2 per plot to 5,711.5 m2 per plot; The South East increased from 7,771.7 m2per plot to 8,759.3 m2 per plot; and the Mekong River Delta increased from 5,056.5 m2 per plot to 5,399.0 m2 per plot The average area of an agricultural production land plot had increased significantly when comparing between 2016 and 2011 in some provinces: Ha Noi increased by 44.4%; Hung Yen increased by 35.9%; Ninh Binh increased by 31.0%; Tay Ninh increased by 26.4%; Thai Binh increased by 23.7%; Long An increased by 20.9%; and Kien Giang increased 18.4% The average plot size was larger, so the average number of plots per household using agricultural land decreased Land for agricultural production was not as small and fragmented like in the past In 2016, the average number of land plots per household using agricultural land was 2.5 plots, reduced 0.3 plots compared to 2011 On average, one household in the Red River Delta had 2.6 plots in 2016, reduced 0.8 plot compared to 2011; a household in North Central and Central Coastal Areas had 2.7 plots, reduced 0.3 plot; one in the Northern Midlands and Mountainous Areas had 3.6 plots, reduced 0.3 plot The average number of land plots of a households using agricultural land decreased in most of provinces in Viet Nam In 2016, a household using agricultural land in Hanoi had averagely 2.6 plots, reduced 1.5 plots compared to 2011; Hai Duong: 2.1 plots, reduced 1.0 plots; Nghe An: 2.6 plots, reduced 1.0 plots; Lang Son: 4.1 plots, reduced 0.8 plots; Bac Giang: 3.5 plots, reduced 0.7 plots Exchanging or merging farming plots were implemented extensively for paddy land, so the average plot size for paddy land in the whole country in 2016 increased by 241.7 m2 compared to that in 2011 By region, the South East reached 5,293.3 m2 per plot, increased by 1,157.2 m2 The Mekong River Delta reached 8,005.0 m2 per plot, increased by 909.5 m2 The average size of a plot was larger so the number of paddy land plots per household in 2016 was only 2.5 plots, reduced 0.5 plots per household compared to 2011 The Red River Delta had 2.6 plots per household, reduced 1.0 plot per household The Northern Midlands and Mountainous Areas had 3.3 plots per household, reduced 0.5 plot per household The North Central and Central Coastal Areas had 2.4 plots per household, reduced 0.3 plot per household 98 (2) The results of large-scale field development Large-scale field model had been introduced and increasingly replicated in many provinces As of July 1st, 2016, the whole country had developed 2,262 large-scale fields In which, there were 1,661 rice fields; 162 vegetable fields; 95 sugarcane fields; 50 corn fields; 38 bud tea fields, and 256 fields for other crops Regions with a large number of large-scale fields were: The Red River Delta with 705 fields, accounting for 31.2% of the total number of large-scale fields of the whole country The North Central and Central Coastal Areas had 675 fields, accounting for 29.8% of the total The Mekong River Delta had 580 fields, accounting for 25.6% Figure The structure of large-scale fields as on July 1st, 2016 by type of crops (%) The total cultivation area in 12 months preceding the Census time July 1st, 2016 of all the large-scale fields was 581.7 thousand In which, there were 518.0 thousand hectares for paddy fields; 17.1 thousand hectares for vegetable fields; 14.5 thousand hectares for sugarcane fields; 7.6 thousand hectares for bud tea fields; 4.1 thousand hectares for corn fields and 20.4 thousand hectares for other crops In 2016, the area of large-scale fields of the Mekong River Delta was 428.8 thousand ha, accounting for 73.7% of the total area of the country The Red River Delta had 67.9 thousand ha, accounting for 11.7% The North Central and Central Coastal Areas had 54.9 thousand ha, accounting for 9.4% of the total Most of provinces which had large-scale fields concentrated in the Mekong River Delta, such as: Dong Thap had 198.1 thousand ha, accounting for 46.2% of the region’s large-scale field area; An Giang had 40.0 thousand ha, accounting for 9.3%; Soc Trang 35.5 thousand ha, accounting for 8.3% The national average cultivation area of a large-scale field was 257.2 Of which, the average size of a paddy field was 311.9 ha; bud tea field: 199.7 ha; sugarcane field: 152.7 ha; vegetable field: 105.5 ha; corn field: 81.7 ha; and other crop field: 79.8 Some regions with 99 large average size of a large-scale field are: The Mekong River Delta had the largest average size with 739.4 per field; the South East: 177.6 per field; the Central Highlands: 136.7 per field Some provinces with the largest average size of a large-scale field in the whole country were: Soc Trang 1,269.5 ha; Long An 1,228.9 ha; Đong Thap 1,179.3 ha; Can Tho 972.3 ha; Vinh Long 878.3 ha; Hau Giang 601.3 Some regions had developed large-scale fields to plant some kinds of crops suitable to the soil, climate and other conditions, formed large areas of specialized cultivation, to create favorable conditions for production, consumption and processing of agricultural products as goods The Mekong River Delta had 573 large-scale paddy fields, accounting for 98.8% of the total large-scale fields of the region and 34.5% of the total large-scale paddy fields of the country The North Central and Central Coastal Areas had 71 large-scale sugarcane fields, accounting for 10.5% of the total large-scale fields of the region and 74.7% of the total largescale sugarcane fields of the country The Northern Midlands and Mountainous Areas had 18 large-scale bud tea fields, accounting for 10.2% of the total large-scale fields of the region and 47.4% of the total large-scale bud tea fields of the country The Red River Delta had 125 largescale vegetable fields, accounting for 17.7% of the total large-scale fields of the region and 77.2% of the total large-scale vegetable fields of the whole country As of July 1st, 2016, provinces which had gained outstanding results regarding largescale field development were: Thanh Hoa had 238 large-scale fields with the cultivation area of 16.1 thousand in 12 months preceding the survey time Binh Dinh had 202 large-scale fields with 13.6 thousand of cultivation area Nam Dinh had 188 large-scale fields with 15.1 thousand of cultivation area Dong Thap had 168 large-scale fields with 198.1 thousand of cultivation area Thai Binh had 142 large-scale fields with 11.3 thousand of cultivation area Ha Noi had 141 large-scale fields with 25.4 thousand of cultivation area An Giang had 140 large-scale fields with 40.0 thousand of cultivation area Bac Giang had 118 largescale fields with 3.8 thousand of cultivation area 1.3 Application of science, technology, and mechanization in production and the linkages according to value chains had experienced new development milestones (1) Focus had been put in application of science and technology In the past years, many provinces had been actively applying science and technology in agriculture, forestry and fishery production with practical and effective activities, including the application of Vietnamese Good Agricultural Practices (VietGAP) and the use of net-houses or greenhouses in cultivation and the establishment of production linkages chains according to the agricultural, forestry and fishery value chains As of July 1st, 2016, the whole country had 1,495 units granted with VietGAP accreditation and equivalent, of which 540 were individual households, accounting for 36.1% of the total number of accredited units; 551 cooperation groups, accounting for 36.9%; 199 cooperatives, accounting for 13.3%; 200 enterprises, accounting for 13.4%; and units of other types, accounting for 0.3% Units granted with VietGAP accreditation and equivalent had linked almost 25.3 thousand households in agricultural, forestry and fishery production In which, 100 there were 1,200 crop units, accounting for 80.2% of the total of accredited units; 101 livestock units, accounting for 6.8%; and 194 fishery units, accounting for 13% Provinces with many accredited units were: Binh Thuan, Lam Dong, Ho Chi Minh City, Ninh Thuan, Ha Noi, Yen Bai, Vinh Long, Dong Thap, and Can Tho Binh Thuan was the province with the highest number of units receiving VietGAP accreditation in Viet Nam with 340 units, accounting for 74.7% of the total number of accredited units in the North Central and Central Coastal Areas and 26.3% of the national total accredited units Among 340 accredited units in Binh Thuan, 337 units were growing blue dragon fruit, accounting for 99.1% of the total number of accredited units in the province Ho Chi Minh City had 257 accredited units, accounting for 77.6% of the total number of accredited units of the South East; 132 of them were crop units, accounting for approximately 95% of the units receiving accreditation of the city Dong Nai had 31 accredited units, accounting for 9.4% of the total number of accredited units of the South East; 25 of them were livestock units, accounting for 80.6% of the units receiving accreditation of the province Lam Dong had 198 accredited units, all of them were crop units, accounting for 93.8% of the total number of units receiving accreditation of the Central Highlands Can Tho had 59 accredited units, accounting for 23.9% of the total units of the Mekong River Delta and all of them were aquaculture, accounting for 30.4% of the total number of accredited aquaculture units of the whole country Net-houses, greenhouses or polyethylene houses (use polyethylene for the roof instead of net or glass) to create favorable conditions for agricultural and aquaculture production were initially applied in some provinces As of July 1st, the whole country had 4,098.6 of nethouses, greenhouses, allocated in 327 communes nationwide Net-houses and greenhouses were mainly found in following provinces/cities: Lam Dong, Ha Noi and Ho Chi Minh City Lam Dong had 2,083.8 ha, accounting for 82.7% of the total area of net-houses and greenhouses of the Central Highlands, and accounting for 50.8% of the total area of net-houses and greenhouses of the country Ha Noi had 281.4 ha, accounting for 53.3% of the total area of net-houses and greenhouses of the Red River Delta Ho Chi Minh City had 213.4 ha, accounting for 55.9% net-houses and greenhouses of the South East The Census also showed that the greenhouses or net-houses were mainly used for growing vegetables, flowers, seedlings and aquaculture In which, growing vegetables: 2,144.6 ha, accounting for 52.3% of the total area of net-houses and greenhouses nationwide; growing flowers: 1,055.4 ha, accounting for approximately 25.5%; growing seedlings: 661.1 ha, accounting for 16.1%; and aquaculture: 237.5 ha, accounting for 5.8% 961.7 was used for concentrated vegetable growing in Lam Dong, accounting for more than 44.8% of the total greenhouses and net-houses area for vegetable of the whole country; growing flowers: 646.7 ha, accounting 61.2% of total area of net-houses and greenhouses area for flowers of the whole country Lam Dong also had the largest area of greenhouses and net-houses for growing seedlings (475.4 ha, accounting for 71.9% of the net-house and greenhouse area for seedlings 101 of the whole country) Thua Thien Hue used the largest area of greenhouses and net-houses for aquaculture (45.5 ha, accounting for 19.2% of the net-house and greenhouse area for aquaculture of the whole country) (2) Mechanization of production had been strengthened Along with strengthening application of science and technology, in recent years, agriculture, forestry and fishery sectors also accelerated the mechanization of production Machines and equipment were diversified and increased significantly in quantity Considering 12 types of key specialized machines and equipment only, in 2016, there were more than 6.3 million items used, increased by 66.4% compared to 2011 Of which, there were 719.3 thousand tractors, increased by 44.5%; 27.7 thousand seed sowing machines, increased by 7.8%; 22.2 thousand combine harvesters, increased by 69.2%; 171.8 thousand handhold harvesters, rice reapers and other types of harvesters, an increase of almost 2.8 times; 249.8 thousand motorized threshing machines, increased 8.1%; 72.3 thousand stoves and dryers for agricultural, forestry and aquatic products, increased by 22.8%; 189.5 thousand food processing machines, decreased by 7.4%; 116.2 thousand animal food processing machines, an increase of 86.4%; 12.2 thousand food processing machines for aquaculture, an increase of 2.1 times; 413.9 thousand aerators, water stirrers for aquaculture, an increase of more than 2.7 times; approximately 2.8 million water pumps, an increase of 44.0%; and over 1.5 million motorized pesticide sprayers, an increase of almost 2.8 times Table 10 Some key machines and equipment used for forestry and fishery over the two census rounds Number (Thousand items) Change 2016-2011 (%) 2011 2016 497.7 719.3 144.5 Seed sowing machine 25.7 27.7 107.8 Combine harvester 13.1 22.2 169.5 Other harvester 62.0 171.8 277.1 231.1 249.8 108.1 58.9 72.3 122.8 204.7 189.5 92.6 62.4 116.2 186.2 5.8 12.2 210.3 151.1 413.9 273.9 1,932.3 2,782.8 144.0 551.5 1,537.6 278.8 Tractor Motorized threshing machine Stoves and dryers for AFF products Food processing machine Animal food processing machine Food processing machine for aquaculture Aerators, water stirrers for aquaculture Water pumps Motorized pesticide sprayers 102 In 2016, on average, 100 agricultural, forestry, aquaculture units were using 7.73 tractors; 6.43 electric engines; 5.85 petrol or diesel engines; 0.83 power generators; 0.30 seed sowing machines; 0.24 combine harvesters; 1.85 handhold harvesters, rice reapers and other harvesters; 2.69 motorized rice threshing machines; 0.78 stoves or dryers for agricultural, forestry and fishery products; 2.04 food processing machines; 1.25 animal food processing machines; 0.13 food processing machines for aquaculture, 4.45 aerators, water stirrers for aquaculture; 29.95 water pumps; 16,55 motorized pesticide sprayers; 0.15 poultry incubators; 0.10 milking machine; and 2.63 motorized boats (3) Linkages according to value chains were gradually formed The promotion of the application of science and technology in agricultural, forestry and fishery production was also reflected in the production linkages according to value chains of agricultural, forestry and fishery products Production linkages according to value chains were being established with diversified forms In the period 2011-2016, the value chain linkages in agricultural, forestry and aquaculture production were mainly reflected through the linkages of large-scale fields and signing contracts for consumption of products before production; linkages to contribute capital to invest in the production and consumption of products of farms, enterprises and cooperatives As of July 1st, 2016, the whole country had 619.3 thousand households joining the production linkages of forming large-scale fields On average, 274 households joined in a large-scale field The Red River Delta had 264.3 thousand households joining, accounting for 42.68% of the total number of households joining in large-scale fields in the country with 375 households per field The North Central and Central Coastal Areas had 159.8 thousand households joining, accounting for 25.80% of the total with 237 households per field The Mekong River Delta had 141.7 thousand households joining, accounting for 22.88% of the total with 244 households per field The Northern Midlands and Mountainous Areas had 41.2 thousand households joining, accounting for 6.65% of the total with 234 households per field The Central Highlands had 10.2 thousand households joining, accounting for 1.65% of the total with 123 households per field The South East had 2.1 thousand households joining, accounting for 0.35% of the total with 50 households per field Phu Tho had the highest average number of households per field with 1,019 households per field It was followed by Quang Nam with 866 households per field; Tuyen Quang 763 households per field; Can Tho 739 households per field; Vinh Long 543 households per field; and Ha Noi 727 households per field Quang Ninh had 609 households per field; Vinh Phuc had 299 households per field Households joining production in large-scale field models were with the objectives to develop large-scale fields without loosing the land use right, people continue to farm on their land instead of working hired workers In 2016, nationally, 29.2% of the cultivated area of large-scale fields was covered with signed contracts for consumption of products before production In which, the South East was the region with the largest share of cultivated area of large-scale fields covered with signed contracts for consumption of products before production (more than 88.6%); the North Central and Central Coastal Areas: 59.0%; the Northern Midlands and Mountainous Areas: almost 36.2%; the Central Highlands: approximately 28.1%; and the Mekong River Delta: nearly 103 25.8% The share of cultivated area of sugarcane large-scale fields nationwide covered with signed contracts for consumption of products before production was almost 96.5%; corn: 76.3%; bud tea: 53.3%; rice: 26.5%; and vegetables: 10.8% Linkages to contribute capital to invest in production and linkages to sign contracts of consumption of agricultural, forestry and fishery products were implemented in many forms, particularly in activities of enterprises, cooperatives and farms According to the Census findings in 2016, the whole country had 781 enterprises implementing linkages, accounting for 20.3% of the total number of agricultural, forestry and fishery enterprises Accordingly, the linkages for consumption of output products or services covered 250 enterprises, accounting for 32.0% of the total number of enterprises under linkages Linkages to contribute capital to invest in production covered 186 enterprises, accounting for 23.8% Linkages to supply inputs for production covered 257 enterprises, accounting for 32.9% Linkages in other forms covered 88 enterprises, accounting for 11.3% Agricultural, forestry and fishery cooperatives also extended linkages among cooperatives and between cooperatives with other units As of July 1st, 2016, 2,469 cooperatives implemented linkages, accounting for 35.5% of the total number of agricultural, forestry and fishery cooperatives In which, linkages to contribute capital to invest in production covered 333 cooperatives, accounting for 13.5% of the total number of cooperatives under linkages Linkages to supply inputs for production covered 1,343 cooperatives, accounting for 54.4% Linkages for consumption of output products or services covered 528 cooperatives, accounting for 21.4% Linkages in other forms covered 265 cooperatives, accounting for 10.7% In household economy, in addition to linkages to develop large-scale fields as analyzed above, there were also linkages implemented in forms of farms In 2016, the whole country had 7,324 farms under production linkages, accounting for 21.9% of the total number of farms In which, there were 1,270 crop farms joining, accounting for 17.3% of the total number of farms under linkages There were 5,416 livestock farms joining, accounting for 73.9% There were 17 forestry farms joining, accounting for 0.2% There were 546 fishery farms joining, accounting for 7.5% There were 75 mixed farms joining, accounting for 1.0% 1.4 Farm economy continued to develop with high efficiency Within 2011-2016, farm economy developed rapidly As of July 1st, 2016, there were nearly 33.5 thousand agricultural, forestry and fishery farms, increased by 67.2% compared to 2011, an increase of 10.8% per year They included 9,276 crop farms, increased 7.1%; an average annual increase of 1.4%; 21,060 livestock farms, an increase of 3.3 times and increased 27.1% per year; 113 forestry farms, an increase of 2.3 times and increased 17.7% per year; 626 mixed farms, an increase of 1.4 times and increased 7.2% per year In 2016, the Red River Delta had 9,946 farms, accounting for 29.7% of the total number of farms in the whole country, 2.8 times as many as that in 2011 The South East had 6,792 farms, accounting for 20.3% and increased 26.1%; the Mekong River Delta had 6,270 farms, accounting for 18.7% and increased 0.05%; the Central Highlands had 4,042 farms, accounting for 12.1% and increased 59.9%; the North Central and Central Coastal Areas had 3,627 farms, accounting for 10.8%, an increase of 2.1; the Northern Midlands and Mountainous Areas had 2,800 farms, accounting for 8.4%, almost 4.7 times as many as that in 2011 104 In 2016, Ba Ria - Vung Tau province had 3,810 farms, an increase of 2.1 times compared to 2011; Hanoi had 3,189 farms, an increase of 2.8 times; Dak Nong had 1,226 farms, increased 24.5%; An Giang had 1,179 farms, increased 77.8%; Hai Duong had 1,138 farms, an increase of 4.0 times; Long An 1,090 farms, increased 93.3%; Ha Nam had 1,071 farms, an increase of 5.0 times; Kien Giang had 1,044 farms, increased 83.8%; Vinh Phuc had 1,007 farms, an increase of 3.2 times; Thai Binh had 969 farms, an increase of 84.9%; Lam Dong had 932 farms, an increase of 2.5 times; Dak Lak had 927 farms, increased 73.3%; Thanh Hoa had 914 farms, an increase of 2.5 times; and Hung Yen had 901 farms, an increase of 4.8 times The above farms had used 175.8 thousand of land for agricultural, forestry and fishery production, increased by 13.5% compared to 2011 In which, the annual crop land was 59.2 thousand ha; the perennial tree land was 72.9 thousand ha; forestry land: 18.0 thousand ha; and aquaculture land: 25.6 thousand In 2016, on average, a farm used 5.2 ha; in which, annual crop land was 1.8 per farm; perennial tree land was 2.2 per farm; forestry land was 0.5 per farm; and aquaculture land was 0.8 per farm In 2016, the land area used by farms in the Mekong River Delta reached 53.8 thousand ha, accounting for 30.6% of the total land area used by farms in the whole country; the South East had 48.0 thousand ha, accounting for 27.3% of the total; the Central Highlands had 24.3 thousand ha, accounting for 13.8%; the North Central and Central Coastal Areas had 23.8 thousand ha, accounting for 13.6%; Red River Delta had 17.3 thousand ha, accounting for 9.8%; the Northern Midlands and Mountainous Areas had 8.6 thousand ha, accounting for 4.9% Table 11 Farm land used as on July 1st, 2016 by use purposes Land area used (Thousand ha) Share in the total (%) 175.8 100.00 For annual crops 59.2 33.67 For perennial trees 72.9 41.47 Forestry land 18.1 10.30 Aquaculture land 25.6 14.56 TOTAL The farms had arranged more working space, attracted more and more workers In 2016, the total number of regular workers for farms was 135.5 thousand people, an increase of 43.2% compared to 2011, the average annual increase was 7.4% Regions where farms employed a large number of laborers in 2016 were: The Red River Delta employed 31.6 thousand regular workers, 2.1 times as many as in 2011; the South East employed 34.4 thousand workers, equal to 1.1 times of that in 2011; the Mekong River Delta employed 27.6 thousand laborers, increased by 6.3%; the Central Highlands employed 16.5 thousands workers, an increase of 54.2%; the North Central and Central Coastal Areas employed 15.2 thousand workers, 105 increased 78.0%; the Northern Midlands and Mountainous Areas employed 10.1 thousand workers, increased by 3.8 times Provinces where farms employed large number of regular laborers in 2016 were: Dong Nai farms employed 13,690 workers, 3.59 workers per farm; Ha Noi: 10,596 workers, 3.32 workers per farm; Tay Ninh: 6,643 workers, averagely 10.11 workers per farm; Binh Phuoc: 6,578 workers, 7.71 laborers per farm; Long An: 4,475 workers, 4.11 workers per farm; Dak Nong: 5.475 workers, averagely 4.47 workers per farm; Binh Duong: 5,254 workers, 5.83 workers per farm on average; Kien Giang: 4,626 workers, 4.43 workers per farm; and Lam Dong: 3,999 workers, averagely 4.29 workers per farm In terms of efficiency, beside creating jobs for tens thousand of workers, farms also produced a large volume of goods and services Total agricultural, forestry and fishery value of farms (based on current price) collected within 12 months preceding the July 1st, 2016 was 92.3 thousand billion VND, 2.4 times as much as that in 2011; the value of agricultural, forestry, and fishery goods and services sold was 91.2 thousand billion VND, 2.4 times as much as that in 2011 If the price inflation is eliminated, then the value collected from agriculture, forestry and fishery within years (2011-2016) increased by 126.1%, an increase of 17.7% per year; the value of agricultural, forestry and fishery goods and services sold increased by 128.8%, equal to 18.0% annually The average current price based value of agricultural, forestry and fishery production collected by a farm within 12 months preceding July 1st, 2016 was 2,757.7 million VND, eliminating the price inflation of 35.3% compared to 2011 Value of agricultural, forestry and fishery goods and services sold was 2,723.1 million VND per farm, eliminating the price inflation of 36.9% Shortcomings and constrains in agricultural, forestry and fishery production 2.1 Small-scale production was still common In the past years, though production had been restructured by enlarging the scale, small-scale production was still common The number of enterprises and cooperatives had been increasing and the number of households kept declining However, by the Census time, households were still fundamental production units, making up the majority of the total Among 9.29 million of production units in agriculture, forestry and fishery available on July 1st, 2016, the number of households accounted for 99.89% Among the total number of households using agricultural land, 36.1% of them were using under 0.2 per household; only 2.3% of them were using 5.0 or more per household Similarly, 44.6% of annual crop growing households were using 0.2 or less per household; 53.7% of rice growing households were using 0.2 or less per household; 67.5% of pig raising households were raising fewer six pigs per household; 46.6% of chicken raising households were raising 20 or fewer chicken per household; 82.3% of households growing forestry plants were using 3.0 or less per household; and 73.1% aquaculture households were using 0.2 or less per household In 2016, the average area for agricultural production per a Vietnamese household was only 5,805 m2/household, annual crop growing household was using 4,466 m2 per household, rice growing households were using 3,468 m2 per household; and perennial tree growing 106 households were using 4,830 m2 per household The average area for agricultural production per household was lowest in the Red River Delta, with only 1,852 m2 per household In which, annual crop growing households were using 1,775 m2 per household; rice growing households were using 1.692 m2 per household; perennial tree growing households were using 690 m2 per household The North Central and Central Coastal Areas had average area per household as follows: Average area for a household with agricultural land: 3,999 m2, annual crop growing households were using 3,351 m2 per household; rice growing households were using 2,290 m2 per household; and perennial tree growing households were using 2,766 m2 per household The agricultural, forestry, and fishery production based on farm economy model had been developing well, but the number of farms was still modest in relative to the total number of agricultural, forestry and fishery households In 2016, the country had almost 33.5 thousand farms, accounting for only 0.36% of total households Most of the farms were still of smallscale production, mainly based on family scale, so they are limited at attracting workers and creating jobs for workers in rural area In 2016, a farm used 4.1 workers on average 2.3 of them were the owners of the farms and 1.8 of them were hired workers The number of agricultural, forestry and fishery enterprises in recent years had been increasing, but in 2016, they only made up 0.04% of the total number of agricultural, forestry and fishery units On the other hand, most of the existing businesses were small and micro enterprises Many enterprises had production scale equal to household units, which was even smaller than the production scale of a farm Number of enterprises employing fewer than 10 employees accounted for 49.1%; the number of enterprises with business capital of less than 10 billion VND accounted for 68.7%; The number of enterprises with net revenue under one billion VND accounted for 45.1%, 27.8% of which were enterprises with net revenue under 100 million VND The number of enterprises with net revenue from VND billion or more accounted for 47.6% of the total, and only 23.9% of them had net revenue from 10 billion VND or more The number of agricultural, forestry and fishery cooperatives existing on July 1st, 2016 was 6,946, they only made up 0.07% of the total number of agricultural, forestry and fishery units The number of agricultural, forestry and fishery cooperatives was limited; on the other hand, the key activities were to supply supporting services to agricultural, forestry and fishery production Cooperatives had not really promoted the roles of gathering, mobilizing, changing the ways of thinking, of doing things and business cooperation or linkages, and ensuring stable outputs for farmers Revenue of many cooperatives was just equal to the revenue of a household The number of cooperatives with the average net annual revenue of less than billion VND accounted for 75.5% of total cooperatives, 18.7% of them had net revenue of under 100 million VND Only 2.8% of cooperatives had revenue from billion VND 2.2 Limited application of science, technology and mechanization in production According to the Census results in 2016, within 12 months preceding the survey time (July 1st, 2016), the area of rice cultivated by seed sowing machines or planting machines was 915.0 thousand nationwide, accounting for 12.5% of the total area of cultivated rice The area of rice cultivated by seed sowing machines or transplanting machines in the Mekong River Delta was 664.8 thousand ha, accounting for 9.0% of the total rice cultivation area of the 107 whole country and for 16.6% of the total area of the region The Central Highlands had 3.9 thousand ha, accounting for 0.1% and 1.7% respectively The Northern Midlands and Mountainous Areas: 17.7 thousand ha, accounting for 0.2% and 2.7% respectively The South East had 24.7 thousand ha, accounting for 0.3% and 8.3% respectively The North Central and Central Coastal Areas had 46.5 thousand ha, accounting for 0.6% and 4.1% respectively The share of products produced according to the VietGAP procedures and equivalent in 12 months preceding July 1st, 2016 was very small Vegetable production was only 175.4 thousand tons, accounting for 1.1% of total vegetable production; fruit production was nearly 250.0 thousand tons, accounting for 2.8%; rice production was nearly 6.0 thousand tons, accounting for 0.01%; bud tea production as 37.4 thousand tons, accounting for 3.6%; coffee production: 1.1 thousand tons, accounting for 0.08%; pork production: 24.9 thousand tons, accounting for 0.7%; poultry meat production: 44.2 thousand tons, accounting for 4.6%; Pangasius production: 208.1 thousand tons, accounting for 17.7% Net-houses- greenhouses, and polyethylene houses for seedlings were applied in only 327 communes, accounting for 3.6% of the total number of communes with 5,897.5 of net-houses, greenhouses and polyethylene houses, accounting for 0.07% of annual crop land and aquaculture land area 2.3 The production efficiency was not very high The ratio of profit before tax against net revenue of enterprises decreased from 19.4% in 2010 to 7.4% in 2015 The ratio of profit after tax against net revenue also decreased from 15.1% to 6.3% Among 3,846 agricultural, forestry and fishery enterprises in 2015, only 50.6% enterprises had profits; 9.8% enterprises broke even and 39.6% of enterprises encountered losses Among 6,946 agricultural, forestry and fishery cooperatives, 17.3% of them broke even and 10.1% encountered losses Nationwide, the average net profit from business activities of an enterprise in 2015 reached 1.2 billion VND, decreased 2.1 billion VND compared to 2010 The South East and Central Highlands were the two regions where the average net profit per enterprise had fallen sharply In 2015, the South East reached 1.4 billion VND, decreased 15.7 billion VND compared to 2010; Central Highlands reached 2.6 billion VND, decreased 2.2 billion VND The average profit before tax per enterprise in Viet Nam in 2015 also reduced compared to 2010 In 2010, it reached 3.8 billion VND, and in 2015, it was only 1.7 billion VND Of which, enterprises in the South East reduced from 20.1 billion VND per enterprise in 2010 to 3.7 billion per enterprise in 2015; The Central Highlands reduced from 5.1 billion per enterprise to 3.4 billion VND per enterprise Average profit after corporate income tax per enterprise in Viet Nam was 1.4 billion VND in 2015, decreased by 1.5 billion VND compared to 2010 That indicator in the South East was 2.9 billion VND per enterprise in 2015, reduced 12.6 billion VND per enterprise; The Central Highlands: 3.2 billion VND per enterprise, reduced 0.8 billion VND per enterprise Production efficiency of agricultural, forestry and fishery households was unstable The case of good crops and low price was common In the past years, agricultural production often had to apply rescue strategies, for example for blue dragon fruit, watermelon, litchi, pork and other agricultural goods Many livestock or aquaculture households had to abandon the animal houses or ponds for selling products at price lower than cost Income of households producing 108 rice as goods in the whole country in general and the Mekong Delta in particular could no longer remain 30% left after deducting the cost as the target The product value that silviculture households obtained from forest plantation, caring and protection activities, and forest zoning and regeneration was far from high A of plantation after 4-6 years could generate 70-80 m3 of wood of different types Production efficiency of households is low due to many causes: on the one hand, due to negative impacts of climate change, natural disasters, and epidemics; on the other hand, due to rising input prices, declining product selling prices and unstable consumption markets for agricultural commodity products In summary, the Rural, Agricultural and Fishery Census 2016 had accomplished the objectives, requirements and contents set in the Decision No 1225/QĐ-TTg dated July 31st, 2015 by the Prime Minister The Census had collected, processed and aggregated a great volume of information on: (i) Rural household economy; (ii) Infrastructure of communes and villages; (iii) Results of implementing the National Target program on New Rural Development; (iv) Number of units and the use of labor and land in agricultural, forestry and fishery production; (v) Results of development of enterprises, cooperatives, farms, exchanging or merging land plots, and large-scale field development; (vi) Rural population living conditions and other socio-economic information on rural areas, farmers and agriculture The collected information reflected the socio-economic situation and movements in rural areas and agricultural, forestry and fishery production in five years (2011-2016) with the following key achievements: First, the rural economy and agricultural, forestry and fishery production kept growing, production structure had been transiting actively and on track Sectors such as: industry, construction, trade and services in rural areas were developing rapidly, and their shares were rising Agricultural, forestry and fishery production had been undergoing restructuring in terms of type and size of production Farm land was being consolidated with the breakthroughs in exchanging or merging farming plots and developing large-scale fields Application of science, technology and mechanization in production reached new milestone The large scale commodity production agriculture with high quality was being formed and developed Second, socio-economic and environmental structure in rural areas had been improved both in term of quantity and quality The system supplying electricity, clean water, rural roads, kindergartens and general education school at different levels, commune heath stations, cultural institution system, information access and sports were being extended to cover more people and to improve service quality The organizational structure and working conditions of commune government had been further strengthened The networks of irrigation, agricultural extension, fishery extension, credit and banking, and services of supplying inputs and materials, ensuring consumption of agricultural commodity outputs had been developed in a relatively diversified way The rural socio-economic images showed clear changes Third, social security had bee ensured, and some aspects had been approved Poor household rate reduced The number and proportion of households using electricity, clean water, medical services, enjoying culture, and accessing information had been increasing People’s income was stable Beside daily consumption, many households also had savings, 109 built houses and bought durable household appliances Sanitation had been concerned and protected by authorities and people Environmental pollution had been handled actively Beside the achievements, the rural socio-economic situation and agricultural, forestry, and fishery production showed many limitations and weakness Economic structure was transiting slowly, sometimes, it faced confusion, particularly in terms of structure of crops and livestock The production scale had been improved, but small-scale production was still common Investment for rural areas and agriculture was limited The labor force was big but qualifications and skills were low so it was difficult for the laborers to find jobs Production efficiency was not high, some sectors even experienced declined efficiency A part of rural population, particularly people in the mountains, high lands and remote areas were facing many difficulties and inadequacy These limitations mentioned above pose significant challenges to the socio-economic development process in rural area and to agricultural, forestry and fishery production However, beside difficulties and challenges, the are also advantages and opportunities, particularly the experiences accumulated With close direction and steering of the Central Government, different sectors, local governments, and the determination of the whole political system and consensus of the people, achievements in the past 30 years of innovation in general and five years (2011-2016) in particular will be promoted; the existing difficulties and challenges will be handled and overcomes so that Vietnamese rural areas and agriculture will develop fast, efficiently in a sustainable manner 110 ... ĐẦU Tổng điều tra nơng thơn, nơng nghiệp thủy sản Tổng cục Thống kê tiến hành lần vào năm 1994 Từ năm 2001, Tổng điều tra thuộc Chương trình điều tra thống kê quốc gia với chu kỳ năm/ lần Tổng điều. .. nghiệp, thủy sản lồng ghép Điều tra doanh nghiệp năm 2016 Tổng cục Thống kê Để tiến hành Tổng điều tra, Ban Chỉ đạo Tổng điều tra Trung ương Ban Chỉ đạo Tổng điều tra địa phương huy động 18 vạn điều. .. Tổng điều tra nông thôn, nông nghiệp thủy sản năm 2016 với phần chính: (1) Tổng quan tình hình kinh tế - xã hội nơng thơn sản xuất nông, lâm nghiệp, thủy sản 2011 -2016; (2) Một số tiêu chủ yếu kết

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