Andehit xeton

Fanpage: 2000 ễn Thi Quc Gia 2018 - Ti liu ụn thi s VN ANEHIT- XETON I ANDHIT 1) nh ngha Phõn loi Danh phỏp: *nh ngha: Anehit l nhng hp cht hu c m phõn t cú nhúm CH O liờn kt trc tip vi nguyờn t cacbon hoc hiro H CH O ; Thớ d: anehit fomic (metanal) CH CH O ; C6 H CH O ; O CH CH O anehit axetic benanehit anehit oxalic (etanal) *Phõn loi: Tựy vo cu trỳc mch cacbon m ta chia thnh cỏc loi: andehit no, khụng no v thm https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/ *ng phõn anehit v mch cacbon *Danh Phỏp: Tờn thay th: Tờn ca hirocacbon + al Vớ d: CnH2n+1CHO: ankanal 2) Tớnh cht húa hc Phn ng Phng trỡnh phn ng minh 1) CNG Ni,t Cn H 2n 1CHO H Cn H 2n 1CH OH a/ Cng H2 (phn ng kh): ộ ộ Ghi chỳ Dựng iu ch ancol bc Ni,t CH 3CHO H CH 3CH OH Anehit l cht oxi húa, Ni,t CH CH CHO 2H CH 3CH CH OH H2 l cht kh ộ Nu anehit l cht khụng Truy cp vo: http://tuyensinh247.com/ hc Toỏn Lý Húa Sinh Vn - Anh tt nht! Like page nhn nhiu ti liu hn: https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/ Fanpage: 2000 ễn Thi Quc Gia 2018 - Ti liu ụn thi s VN no thỡ cũn xy s cng hp vo gc hirocacbon b/ Cng HCN ộ Ni,t Cn H2n 1CHO HCN Cn H2n 1CHOH (hiroxianua) c/ Cng NaHSO3 (natri bisunfit) CN ộ Ni,t RCHO NaHSO3 R CHOH SO3 Na Dựng nhn bit hoc (maứu traộng) tỏch anehit Khi cho tỏc dng vi axit H hộaởc OH R CHOH SO3 Na RCHO hoc vi baz mch thỡ tỏi to li anehit ban u Lỳc ny anehit l cht kh: https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/ 2) PHN NG OXI HểA KHễNG HON TON a/ Bng nc brom Phn ng ny dựng iu ch axit cú s C hn ban u 1C RCHO Br2 H 2O RCOOH 2HBr Phn ng dựng nhn bit anehit b/ Bng dung dch KMnO4 3RCHO 2KMnO4 H2 O 3RCOOH 2MnO2 2KOH c/ Bng dung dch AgNO3/NH3 (phn ng gng) t RCHO 2AgNO3 3NH3 H2 O RCOONH +2NH NO3 2Ag ộ ộ Phn ng dựng nhn bit anờhit Phn ng dựng nhn bit anehit v gng, rut phớch t R(CHO)a 2aAgNO3 3aNH3 aH2 O R(COONH )a +2aNH NO3 +2aAg T t l mol ca Ag v anehit suy s nhúm anehit phõn Truy cp vo: http://tuyensinh247.com/ hc Toỏn Lý Húa Sinh Vn - Anh tt nht! Like page nhn nhiu ti liu hn: https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/ Fanpage: 2000 ễn Thi Quc Gia 2018 - Ti liu ụn thi s VN anehit: n Ag n anủehit 2a Kt lun: Anehit va l cht oxi húa, va l cht kh *Chỳ ý: i vi anehit fomic HCHO coi nh l anehit chc: HCHO 2Br2 H O CO2 4HBr ộ t 3HCHO 4KMnO4 3CO2 4MnO2 4KOH H2 O ộ t HCHO 4AgNO3 6NH3 2H2 O (NH )2 CO3 +4NH NO3 4Ag 3) iu ch anehit: a/ Phng phỏp chung: *Oxi húa nh ancol bc 1: ộ https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/ t RCH OH CuO RCHO Cu H O *Thy phõn dn xut ihalogen: ộ t RCHCl2 2NaOH RCHO 2NaCl H2 O *Thy phõn dn xut halogen khụng no: ộ t R CH CHCl NaOH RCH CHO NaCl b/ Phng phỏp riờng: ộ xt,t CH O2 HCHO H2 O PdCl2 ,CuCl 2C2 H O2 CH3CHO ộ HgSO4 ,80 C C2 H2 H2 O CH3CHO Truy cp vo: http://tuyensinh247.com/ hc Toỏn Lý Húa Sinh Vn - Anh tt nht! Like page nhn nhiu ti liu hn: https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/ Fanpage: 2000 ễn Thi Quc Gia 2018 - Ti liu ụn thi s VN II XETON 1) nh ngha Danh phỏp: C *nh ngha: Xeton l hp cht phõn t cú nhúm cacbonyl gc hirocacbon O liờn kt vi R C R' O *Danh phỏp: - Tờn thay th: Tờn gc hirocacbon on CH3 CO CH : prộpan-2-ộn https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/ Vớ d: s ch v trớ CH3 CO CH CH : butan-2-ộn - Tờn gc chc: Tờn gc hirocacbon xeton Vớ d: CH3 CO CH3 : ủimetyl xetộn 2) Tớnh cht húa hc: a/ Phn ng cng: *Cng H2: ộ Ni,t R C R ' H R CH R' O OH Truy cp vo: http://tuyensinh247.com/ hc Toỏn Lý Húa Sinh Vn - Anh tt nht! Like page nhn nhiu ti liu hn: https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/ https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/ Fanpage: 2000 ễn Thi Quc Gia 2018 - Ti liu ụn thi s VN * Cng HCN OH Ni,t R C R ' HCN R C R ' ộ O CN * Cng NaHSO3 ộ OH Ni,t R C R ' NaHSO3 R C H R' O Like page nhn nhiu ti liu hn: SO3 Na (maứ u traộng) Truy cp vo: http://tuyensinh247.com/ hc Toỏn Lý Húa Sinh Vn - Anh tt nht! https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/ ... https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/ Fanpage: 2000 ễn Thi Quc Gia 2018 - Ti liu ụn thi s VN II XETON 1) nh ngha Danh phỏp: C *nh ngha: Xeton l hp cht phõn t cú nhúm cacbonyl gc hirocacbon O liờn kt vi R C R' ... https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/https://www.facebook.com/tailieupro/ Vớ d: s ch v trớ CH3 CO CH CH : butan-2-ộn - Tờn gc chc: Tờn gc hirocacbon xeton Vớ d: CH3 CO CH3 : ủimetyl xetộn 2) Tớnh cht húa hc: a/ Phn ng cng: *Cng H2: ộ Ni,t R C