Phrasal verbs

hold up = delay = postpone = put off Tài liệu bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi môn Tiếng Anh - Nguyễn Thị Thanh Huyền - THPT Đồng Hới... I am going away for a few days and I’ll phone you as soon

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UNIT

PHRASAL VERBS

GIVE:

s.b away: gả con

s.t away: cho hết đi, bỏ đi; phân phát, tặng quà

He gave away most of his money to charity

The manager gave away the prizes at the school sport day

s.b back/ s.t back to s.b: trả lại, hoàn lại;

Could you give me back my pen?

s.t for s.t: đổi lấy, hi sinh

I’d give a lot for the chance to go for a study course abroad

s.t in: Giao tận tay, nộp tận tay

Please give your examination paper in when you have finished

Cam chịu thất bại, đầu hàng

The rebels were forced to give in

s.t off: Thoát ra, bốc ra

The cooker is givimg off a funny smell

on to s.t: Trông theo hướng

The bedroom windows give on to the street

out: Hết, cạn kiệt

After a month their food supplied gave out

s.t out Phát, phân phát

The teacher gave out the examination paper

Give over, can’t you?

Oneself over to s.t: Dồn hết tâm trí vào việc gì.

After his wife’s death, he seemed to give himself over to despair

Way: Nhượng bộ, nhường chỗ cho

GET:

about: đi, di chuyển

He ‘s getting about after his accident

About / around / round:

He news of her resignation soon got about

At s.b: chê trách, cằn nhằn; đến gần, tiếp cận

He’s always getting at his wife

The files are locked and I can’t get at them

Away: đi nghỉ:

We are hoping to get away a few days at Easter

away from: chạy trốn khỏi

Two of the prisoners got away from their captors

Away with: cuỗm đi; nhận, lĩnh hình phạt (nhẹ)

The thieves raided (đột kích) the bank and got away with a lot of money

For such a serious ofence he was luckily to get away with it

Away with doing s.t: Không bị phạt, được miễn phạt.

If you chaet in exam you will never get away with it

Nobody gets away with insulting me like that

Back: Trở về; khôi phục quyền lực;

The Democrats hope to get back (in) at the next election

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By: được chấp nhận; xoay sở; giải quyết khó khăn

I have no formal clothes for the occasion Perhaps I can get by in dark suit?

He gets by on little money

Out: Phổ biến, bị tiết lộ:

If the news gets out there is a trouble

s.t out: phát hành, sản xuất

Will we get new dictionary out by the end of this year?

s.b out: loại ra, đuổi ra

How did Gatting get out?

Out of s.t: đi chơi, rời khỏi

We love to get out into the countryside at weekends

Out of doing s.t: Trốn tránh, không thi hành bổn phận; bỏ đi, từ bỏ

Don’t you dare try and get out of washing up?

I can’t get out of walking at 6 in the morning

s.t out of s.b: cưỡng đoạt, giật

The police have got confession out of her

Over s.t: Vượt qua, chế ngự

She can’t get out of her shyness

Over to s.b: Giải thích, chỉ rõ

She didn’t get her meaning over to her audience

PUT : about: đổi hướng The ship put slowly about

st about: đồn đại It is being put about that the Prime Minister may

resign

st across sb: lừa gạt Are you trying to put one across me?

away: cất Put your toys away in the cupboard

st back: để lại chỗ cũ, trì hoãn Please put the dictionary back on the shelf

The meeting has been put back to next week

st before / above: st: coi trọng hơn He put his children welfare all other considerations

st down to st: tính vào Would you put these shoes down to my account, please?

in: xen vào “But what about us?” he put in

sb in: bổ nhiệm ai They put him in with an increased majority

off: rời đi, nhổ neoWe put off from the quay (harbour)

st off: tắt, trì hoãn We ‘ve invited our friends to supper and it is too late to put off them now

st on: mặc, mở, vặn, giả vờ, tăng cân: How many pounds did you put on?

sb out: làm ngất đi, xúc phạm He put out his opponent in the fifth round

st out: để ra ngoài, dập tắt Firemen soon put the fire out.

st through: hoàn thành, nối liên lạc: Please put me through the manager, please.

up st: tăng He threatened to put the rent up by $ 10

sb up: cung cấp, giới thiệu ra tranh cử We can put you up for the night

The Green Party hopes to put up some candidates

sb up to st: xúi dục ai He must have been put up to it by some of the older boys

up with st / sb: chịu đựng I don’t know how she puts up with his cruelty to her

Verbs followed by their particles: Verb + particle

1 turn up = arrive 6 try out = test

2 look after = take care of 7 go off = explode

3 takes after = resemble

4 get over = recover from

5 hold up = delay = postpone

= put off

Tài liệu bồi dưỡng học sinh giỏi môn Tiếng Anh - Nguyễn Thị Thanh Huyền - THPT Đồng Hới

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GO

He went after the burglars

Ahead: be carried out/ take place tiến hành, diễn ra

Despite the bad weather, the picnic will go ahead

: begin to do something without hesitation

May I start now? - Go ahead

Thing are going along nicely

We are going away for a few days for the holiday

The dog wanted to go back toward the fire

As time goes by, my memory seems to get worse

The price of petrol is going down

The gun went off by accident

The clock usually goes off at 5a.m

What is going on here?

Out: stop burning / be extinguished tắt

The fire has gone out

Over: look at s.t carefully / inspect s.t xem xét (kỹ)

Go over carefully before you hand it in

The price of cigarettes is going up

She goes well with her friends in new school

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PRACTICE:

Exercise 1: Fill each of the blank with one suitable word which completes the expression formed from GIVE(Cam 4, p54)

1 At a junction, traffic on the minor road must to traffic on the main road

2 The teacher asked the students to their homework on Friday

3 They had to the search because it was getting dark

4 Can you me the record I lend you last month?

5 My bike is so rust I can’t possibly sell it I’ll have to it

Exercise 2: Fill each of the blank with one suitable word which completes the expression formed from GET: (Cam 4, p54)

1 The thieves £ 30,000 in spite of the security guards

2 You promised yesterday you would do the washing up this evening - you can’t

it now

3 If you want to go to the Natural History Museum, take this bus and at Victory Square

4 I am going away for a few days and I’ll phone you as soon as I

5 Shirley doesn’t know much Spanish but she know enough to

Exercise 3: Fill each of the blanks with one suitable word which completes the expression formed from PUT: Cam 3, p 12

1 The government has put ……… the tax on tobacco again

2 Mark put …………so much weight during the winter that none of his summer clothes fitted many more

3 The telephone operator didn’t put me ………… to the director because he was engaged

4 The firemen took three hours to put ………… the fire

5 The unexpected fall of snow meant that the football match was put ………… for a week

6 Oh, that’s terrible noise! I can’t put ………… with it any longer

Exercise 4: Replace the words in brackets in the following sentences with a suitable phrasal verbs in the box:

Turn up / look after / take after / get over / go off / try out / hold up

1 The trouble with Frank is that he never on time for a meeting (arrive)

2 John, could you my handbag while I go the toilet? (take care of)

3 What a lovely baby! He certainly his father, doesn’t he? (resemble)

4 My father still hasn’t really the death of my mother (recover from)

5 Because of an accident, my train was for several hours (delay)

6 I’ll be back in a minute, James I just want to my new tape recorder (test)

7 The bomb with a loud bang which could be heard all over the town (explode)

Exercise 5: Fill each of the blanks with one suitable word which completes the

expression formed from GO: (Cam 3, p12)

1 There was a power failure and all the light went ………

2 The building of the new bridge will go ……… as planned

3 I always go ……… all my lessons before the test

4 If you are hungry, go ……… and eat your meal

5 A Take care of everything while I am not in the office

B Are you going ……… ? A Yes, I ‘ll go to the beach for a few days

6 We all woke up in the middle of the night when the alarm clock suddenly went

…………

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7 Why is Mr Smith so depressed? – His business has gone ……… recently.

8 How is your brother’s studying going ……… ? – Fine He has made steady progress in the last few moths

9 Time goes ……… quickly when we are busy, doesn’t it? – It is sure

10 Why don’t you go ……… working? The examination has drawn down near

11 Please go ……… this report before we send it to the manager’s office

12 He ran too fast for us to go …………

13 As time go ……… my memory seems to get worse

14 We don’t think the price of houses is going …… It has been expensive for a long time

15 The bomb went ………… in a crowded street

Exercise 6: Replace the verbs by a synonym:

1 They decided to postpone their journey until next month

2 Be careful! The tree is going to fall

3 The organization was established in 1945

4 The bomb went off in the street

5 The 1923 earthquake in Japan killed about 200,000 people and left countless wounded and homeless

6 It took me a very long time to recovered from the shock of her death

7 He was appalled by her appearance

8 What may happen if he doesn’t arrive in time?

9 I am tired because I went to bed late last night

10 Jonny sometimes visits his grandparents in the countryside

Verbs to use: Explode / set up / look out / injured / recover from / turn up / put off /

shocked

KEYS:

Exercise 1:

1 give way 2 give in 3 give up 4 give back 5 give it away / charity

Exercise 2:

1 got away with 2 get out of 3 get out / off

4 get back / there / home 5 get by

Exercise 3:

1 put up 2 put on 3 put through

4 put out 5 put off / back 6 put up

Exercise 4:

1 turns up 2 look after 3 takes after 4 get over

5 hold up 6 try out 7 went off

Exercise 5:

1 put off 2 look out 3 set up 4 exploded 5 injured

6 get over 7 shocked 8 turn up 9 stayed up 10 calls on

Exercise 6:

1 out 2 on 3 over 4 ahead 5 away

6 off 7 down 8 along 9 by 10 on

11 over 12 after 13 by 14 up 15 off

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UNIT

READING COMPREHENSION

Part 1 Read the following passage and choose the correct answers

Millions of people are using cell phones today In many places, it is actually considered unusual not to use one In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people They find that the phones are more than a means of communication- having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected

The explosion in mobile phone use around the world has made some health professionals worried Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones In England, there has been a serious debate absolute this issue Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health

On the other hand, medical studies have shown changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at young age because of serious memory loss He couldn’t remember even simple tasks He would often forget the name of his own son This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, everyday of his working week, for a couple of years His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employer’s doctor didn’t agree

What is it that make mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiations, but they say the amount is too small to worry about

As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that it’s best to use mobile phones less often Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time Use your mobile phone only when you really need it Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health So for now, it’s wise not to use your mobile phone too often

1 According to the passage, cell phones are especially popular with young people because _

A they are indispensable in everyday communications

B they make them look more stylish

C they keep the users alert all the time

D they cannot be replaced by regular phones

2 The changes possibly caused by the cell phones are mainly concerned with _

A the mobility of the mind and the body B the arteries of the brain

C.the smallest units of the brain D the resident memory

3 The word “means” in the passaage most closely means

A meanings B expression C method D transmission

4 The word “potentially” in the passage most closely means

A obviously B possibly C certainly D privately

5 “Negative publicity” in the passage most closely means

A information on the lethal effects of cel lphones

B widespread opinion about bad effects of cell phones

C the negative public use of cell phones

D poor ideas about the effects of cellphones

6 Doctors have tentatively concluded that cell phones may _

A cause some mental malfunction B damage their users’ emotion

C change their users’ temperament D change their users’ social behaviors

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7 The man mentioned in the passage, who used his cell phone too often, _

A suffered serious loss of mental ability B should no longer think lucidly

C abandoned his family D had a problem with memory

8 According to the passage, what makes mobile phones potentially harmful

A their radiant light B their power of attraction

C their raiding power D their invisible rays

9 According to the writer, people should _

A only use mobile phones in urgent cases B only use mobile phones in medical emergencies

C keep off mobile phones regularly D never use mobile phones in all cases

10 The most suitable title for the passage could be

A The Reasons why Mobiles Phones are popular B Technological Innovations and Their Price

C The Way Mobile Phones Work D Mobile Phones : A Must of Our Time

Part 2 Read the following passage then decide which is the best answer to each question by circling the corresponding letter A, B, C or D (1 point)

Scientists believe they now have scientific evidence to prove that ecosystems work better when there is a greater variety of species within them This biodiversity is being lost destroying natural mechanisms that could repair the damage caused by man

Finding show that losing plants and animals is not only reducing our quality of life but actually endangering our very existence We cut down rich rain-forests and replace them with one species plantations, such as pine and eucalyptus We plough up meadows rich in different grasses and herbs and replace them with one grass, for instance rye or wheat

When a natural ecosystem is simplified the basic processes in the ecosystem are altered and even damaged Without their biodiversity they are not able to serve as the natural cleaners of our planet No longer are they able to absorb the carbon dioxide that is being produced in excess The result is global warming, caused by the increase in the “greenhouse effect”, and ultimately, or even sooner, there will

be a change in the world’s climate

1 Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A How Ecosystems Work Better B The Loss of Biodiversity

C The Variety of Species B Natural Mechanisms

2 Which of the following is NOT a species used to replace a rich eco-system?

A Herbs B Pine C Eucalyptus D Rye

3 What is the purpose of paragraph 2 ?

A To show natural mechanisms at work B To give examples of the loss of biodiversity

C To give examples of variety of species D To show how ecosystems can work better

4 What, according to the passage, might be the final result of the implification of natural ecosystems ?

A The basic processes are altered B There is loss of biodiversity

C There is global warming D There is a change in the climate

5 What is the author’s attitude to the loss of biodiversity ?

A Indifferent B negative C positive D neutral

Part 3: Complete the spaces:

Environmental pollution is a term that (1) to tell the way by which man pollutes his surrounding Man dirties the air (2) gases and smoke, (3) the air with chemical and other substances, and damages the soil with

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various other way, for (6) people ruin natural beauty by scattering litter on his land and

in the water They operate machines and motor vehicles (7) fill the air with disturbing (8) pollution

Environmental pollution is (9) of the most serious (10) facing mankind today Air,(11) .and soil are necessary for the survival of all living(12) Badly polluted air can cause illness, and (13) death Polluted water(14) fish and other marine life Pollution of soil the amount of land for growing food Environmental pollution also (15) ugliness to man's naturally beautiful world

PART 4: REWRITE THE SENTENCES

1 Don’t pay any attention to what he says (notice)

2 He will have to accept your offer (option)

3 Not many people attended the meeting (turnout)

4 He has definitely agree to accept the job (committed)

5 The old lady’s handbag had been stolen (robbed)

6 There ‘s an unpleasant odour of sweaty socks in here (smells)

7 Is homework compulsory at that school? (have)

8 That’s got nothing to do with you? (business)

9 We have decided to stay in that hotel ( decision)

10 Could you deliver the food to my home? ( delivered)

11 They didn't intend to make a long journey with her ( intention)

12 She isn't interested in what she has done for the company ( interest)

13 If I could work in media, that's what I would like to do ( opportunity)

14 You haven't mention my new haircut yet ( mention)

15 They visited me last week ( pay)

16 “We won’t get to the airport in less than 30 minutes ” (at least)

17 Despite knowing the area well, I got lost (even)

18 “I don’t mind which film we see”(matter)

19 I can’t describe people as well as you can (better)

20 You didn’t think carefully enough before you decided (ought)

21 The authorities have improved the public transport system here recently (improvement)

22 I didn’t see her again for five years (before)

23 It would be difficult for me to finish the work by the weekend (difficultly)

24 Harry’s home is in Spain, is it? (lives)

25 Jackie hasn’t been swimming for five years ( went )

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KEYS:

Part 1:

Part 2:

Part 3

3 poisons 6 example 9 one 12 things 15 brings

Writing:

1 Don’t take any notice of what he says./ Take no notice of

2 He has no other option but to accept your offer

He hasn’t any option

3 There was a poor turnout for / at the meeting

The turnout was poor

4 He is (definitely) committed to accepting the job

5 The old lady had been robbed of her handbag

Thieves had robbed the old lady

6 It smells of sweaty socks in here!

7 Do they have to do homework at that school?

8 That’s none of your business

7 You have made no mention of my new haircut

8 they paid me a visit last week

16 It will take us at least 30 minutes to get to the airport

17 I got lost even though I knew the area well

18 It did not matter to me which film I saw

19 You are better at describing people than me

20 You ought have to think more carefully before you decided

21 The authorities have made some improvements to / in the public transport system here recently

22 Five years had passed by before I saw her again

23 I would have difficulty (in)finishing the work by the weekend

24 Harry lives in Spain, des he?

25 The last time Jackie went swimming was five years ago

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