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C# Network Programming by Richard Blum ISBN:0782141765 Sybex © 2003 (647 pages) This book helps newcomers get started with a look at the basics of network programming as they relate to C#, including the language s network classes, the Winsock interface, and DNS resolution. Table of Contents C# Network Programming Introduction Part I - Network Programming Basics Ch apt er 1 - The C# Language Ch apt er 2 - IP Programming Basics Ch apt er 3 - C# Network Programming Classes Ch apt er 4 - DNS and C# Part II - Network Layer Programing Ch apt er 5 - Connection-Oriented Sockets Ch apt er 6 - Connectionless Sockets Ch apt er 7 - Using The C# Sockets Helper Classes Ch apt er 8 - Asynchronous Sockets Ch apt er 9 - Using Threads This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot Ch apt er 10 - IP Multicasting Part III - Application Layer Programming Examples Ch apt er 11 - ICMP Ch apt er 12 - SNMP Ch apt er 13 - SMTP Ch apt er 14 - HTTP Ch apt er 15 - Active Directory Ch apt er 16 - Remoting Ch apt er 17 - Security Index List of Figures List of Tables List of Listings List of Sidebars This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot Back Cover On its own, C# simplifies network programming. Combine it with the precise instruction found in C# Network Programming, and you ll find that building network applications is easier and quicker than ever. This book helps newcomers get started with a look at the basics of network programming as they relate to C#, including the language s network classes, the Winsock interface, and DNS resolution. Spend as much time here as you need, then dig into the core topics of the network layer. You ll learn to make sockets connections via TCP, and connectionless connections via UDP. You ll also discover just how much help C# gives you with some of your toughest chores, such as asynchronous socket programming, multithreading, and multicasting. Network-layer techniques are just a means to an end, of course, and so this book keeps going, providing a series of detailed application-layer programming examples that show you how to work with real protocols and real network environments to build and implement a variety of applications. Use SNMP to manage network devices, SMTP to communicate with remote mail servers, and HTTP to Web-enable your applications. And use classes native to C# to query and modify Active Directory entries. Rounding it all out is plenty of advanced coverage to push your C# network programming skills to the limit. For example, you ll learn two ways to share application methods across the network: using Web services and remoting. You ll also master the security features intrinsic to C# and .NET features that stand to benefit all of your programming projects. About the Author Richard Blum has spent 14 years as a network and system administrator for the US Department of Defense, supporting a large network of workstations and servers. He holds a BS in Electrical Engineering and an MS in Management Information Systems, both from Purdue University. This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot C# Network Programming Richard Blum Associate Publisher: Joel Fugazzotto Acquisitions Editor: Denise S. Lincoln Developmental Editor: Carol Henry Editor: Sally Engelfried Production Editor: Erica Yee Technical Editor: Dan Frumin Graphic Illustrator: Jeff Wilson, Happenstance Type-O-Rama Electronic Publishing Specialists: Scott Benoit, Judy Fung Proofreaders: Emily Hsuan, Dave Nash, Laurie O Connell, Yariv Rabinovitch, Nancy Riddiough Indexer: Ted Laux Cover Designer: Carol Gorska, Gorska Design Cover Photographer: Carlos Navajas, The Image Bank Copyright © 2003 SYBEX Inc., 1151 Marina Village Parkway, Alameda, CA 94501. World rights reserved. No part of this publication may be stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, or reproduced in any way, including but not limited to photocopy, photograph, magnetic, or other record, without the prior agreement and written permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Card Number: 2002111958 ISBN: 0-7821-4176-5 SYBEX and the SYBEX logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of SYBEX Inc. in the United States and/or other countries. Screen reproductions produced with FullShot 99. FullShot 99 © 1991-1999 Inbit Incorporated. All rights reserved.FullShot is a trademark of Inbit Incorporated. Internet screen shot(s) using Microsoft Internet Explorer Version 6 reprinted by permission from Microsoft Corporation. TRADEMARKS: SYBEX has attempted throughout this book to distinguish proprietary trademarks from descriptive terms by following the capitalization style used by the manufacturer. The author and publisher have made their best efforts to prepare this book, and the content is based upon final release software whenever possible. Portions of the manuscript may be based upon pre-release versions supplied by This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot software manufacturer(s). The author and the publisher make no representation or warranties of any kind with regard to the completeness or accuracy of the contents herein and accept no liability of any kind including but not limited to performance, merchantability, fitness for any particular purpose, or any losses or damages of any kind caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from this book. Manufactured in the United States of America 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Software License Agreement: Terms and Conditions The media and/or any online materials accompanying this book that are available now or in the future contain programs and/or text files (the Software ) to be used in connection with the book. SYBEX hereby grants to you a license to use the Software, subject to the terms that follow. Your purchase, acceptance, or use of the Software will constitute your acceptance of such terms. The Software compilation is the property of SYBEX unless otherwise indicated and is protected by copyright to SYBEX or other copyright owner(s) as indicated in the media files (the Owner(s) ). You are hereby granted a single-user license to use the Software for your personal, noncommercial use only. You may not reproduce, sell, distribute, publish, circulate, or commercially exploit the Software, or any portion thereof, without the written consent of SYBEX and the specific copyright owner(s) of any component software included on this media. In the event that the Software or components include specific license requirements or end-user agreements, statements of condition, disclaimers, limitations or warranties ( End-User License ), those End-User Licenses supersede the terms and conditions herein as to that particular Software component. Your purchase, acceptance, or use of the Software will constitute your acceptance of such End-User Licenses. By purchase, use or acceptance of the Software you further agree to comply with all export laws and regulations of the United States as such laws and regulations may exist from time to time. Reusable Code in This Book The author(s) created reusable code in this publication expressly for reuse by readers. Sybex grants readers limited permission to reuse the code found in this publication, and available for download from our website so long as the author(s) are attributed in any application containing the reusable code and the code itself is never distributed, posted online by electronic transmission, sold, or commercially exploited as a stand-alone product. Software Support Components of the supplemental Software and any offers associated with them may be supported by the specific Owner(s) of that material, but they are not supported by SYBEX. Information regarding any available support may be obtained from the Owner(s) using the information provided in the appropriate read.me files or listed elsewhere on the media. Should the manufacturer(s) or other Owner(s) cease to offer support or decline to honor any offer, SYBEX bears no responsibility. This notice concerning support for the Software is provided for your information only. SYBEX is not This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot the agent or principal of the Owner(s), and SYBEX is in no way responsible for providing any support for the Software, nor is it liable or responsible for any support provided, or not provided, by the Owner(s). Disclaimer SYBEX makes no warranty or representation, either expressed or implied, with respect to the Software or its contents, quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. In no event will SYBEX, its distributors, or dealers be liable to you or any other party for direct, indirect, special, incidental, consequential, or other damages arising out of the use of or inability to use the Software or its contents even if advised of the possibility of such damage. In the event that the Software includes an online update feature, SYBEX further disclaims any obligation to provide this feature for any specific duration other than the initial posting. The exclusion of implied warranties is not permitted by some states. Therefore, the above exclusion may not apply to you. This warranty provides you with specific legal rights; there may be other rights that you may have that vary from state to state. The pricing of the book with the Software by SYBEX reflects the allocation of risk and limitations on liability contained in this agreement of Terms and Conditions. Shareware Distribution This Software may contain various programs that are distributed as shareware. Copyright laws apply to both shareware and ordinary commercial software, and the copyright Owner(s) retains all rights. If you try a shareware program and continue using it, you are expected to register it. Individual programs differ on details of trial periods, registration, and payment. Please observe the requirements stated in appropriate files. Copy Protection The Software in whole or in part may or may not be copy-protected or encrypted. However, in all cases, reselling or redistributing these files without authorization is expressly forbidden except as specifically provided for by the Owner(s) therein. This book is dedicated to Sister Marie Imelda, C.S.C, who in the late 1970s fought and struggled to teach a bunch of goofy high school kids how to program. Thanks, Sister. Trust in the Lord with all your heart and lean not on your own understanding; in all your ways acknowledge him, and he will make your paths straight. Prov. 3:5-6 (NIV) Acknowledgments First, all honor, glory, and praise goes to God, who through His Son, all things are possible, and who gives us the gift of eternal life. I would like to thank all the great people at Sybex for their help, guidance, and professionalism. Thanks to Denise Santoro Lincoln, the Acquisitions Editor, for offering me the opportunity to write this book. Also, thanks to Carol Henry, the Developmental Editor, for all her work guiding this book along and helping make my paragraphs make sense. Many thanks to Sally Engelfried, the Copy Editor, for turning my poor grammar into perfect sentences, and to Dan Frumin, the Technical Editor, for going above and beyond the call of duty fixing my programs and pointing out my technical blunders. Also, thanks to Carole McClendon at Waterside Productions for her help in arranging this book This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot for me. Finally, I would like to thank my parents, Mike and Joyce Blum, for their dedication and support, and my wife Barbara and daughters Katie Jane and Jessica for their faith, love, and understanding, especially while I was writing this book. The quotation on the bottom of the front cover is taken from the sixty-third chapter of Lao Tzu s Tao Te Ching, the classic work of Taoist philosophy. This particular verse is from the translation by D. C. Lau (copyright 1963) and communicates the idea that one should confront the difficult while it is still easy and accomplish a great task by a series of small acts. It is traditionally held that Lao Tzu lived in the fifth century B.C. in China, during the Chou dynasty, but it is unclear whether he was actually a historical figure. It is said that he was a teacher of Confucius. The concepts embodied in the Tao Te Ching influenced religious thinking in the Far East, including Zen Buddhism in Japan. Many in the West, however, have wrongly understood the Tao Te Ching to be primarily a mystical work; in fact, much of the advice in the book is grounded in a practical moral philosophy governing personal conduct. This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot Introduction Networks (and network programming) have come a long way over the past 20 years. In the early days of network computing (the 80s), network programming was left to the advanced programmer, who typically built applications using the C programming language in (mostly) Unix environments. Now, networks are everywhere, from large corporations to small home users. With so many computers connected together via networks, network-aware applications are an accepted necessity. Existing applications must incorporate network features to stay competitive in the marketplace, and adding network communication to applications is essential. Network programs are used for everything from children s games to advanced corporate database systems. Network programming has always been a key feature of the Microsoft Windows operating system. Unfortunately, you ve had to know advanced C or C++ programming concepts to utilize the network programming features in Windows programs. Now, though, the .NET Framework languages simplify the task of adding network features to your applications. The .NET libraries provide many network classes that can integrate network programming. As a network administrator, I ve written many network programs using the C and Java languages for both Windows and Unix platforms. Today s network management and security requirements make it essential to communicate with network devices and track workstations on the network. Trying to quickly write clean network code can be difficult when you are working within the structure of the C socket APIs (especially in WinSock), and running Java applications is often a painful experience due to slow processing speeds and poor Windows support. The C# language has solved many of my network programming problems by allowing me to quickly prototype and deploy network applications using C# classes. Combining the C# Forms library to write the graphical code with the C# Socket library to write the networking code makes creating professional network applications simple. With C# network classes, what used to take a day to write often only takes an hour or less. Who Should Read This Book Obviously, if you are a C# programmer who is interested in creating network programs, this book is specifically intended to help you out. I ve described each network C# class in detail, and you ll find lots of examples to help you implement the classes in your own work. If you have never before written a network program, I ve included useful explanations of the concepts and ideas behind network programming in general, including common techniques for passing data between network devices. You may already be familiar with writing network programs using other languages, such as C, C++, or Java. In that case, you ll be interested in seeing how easy it is to do this with the C# language. If you are new to the C# language, the first chapter describes the basics of creating and compiling C# programs. You may want to skip other chapters in the first part of the book, which discuss network programming basics, and dive right into the C#-specific network programming classes. This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot How This Book Is Organized This book is organized into four separate sections that cover a particular aspect of network programming. Part I: Network Programming Basics The first four chapters are intended for programmers just starting out in network programming and looking for some background information about how network programming works and the pieces that are required for network programming. Chapter 1, The C# Language, provides some basic information for the reader new to C#, such as which C# package to use for development work and how to compile C# programs. Chapter 2, IP Programming Basics, demonstrates how network programming has evolved from the Unix world to the world of Windows, via the WinSock interface, and how .NET uses the WinSock interface to access network resources. Chapter 3, C# Network Programming Classes, offers a quick introduction to the entire C# network libraries and shows the basic formats of the classes. Chapter 4, DNS and C#, rounds out the introductory section by showing network novices how DNS can resolve host addresses and how to use the C# DNS classes. Part II: Network Layer Programming The next group of chapters presents the core of network programming topics in the book. Each of these chapters discusses a major topic using in creating C# network programs. Chapter 5, Connection-Oriented Sockets, starts the discussion of network programming by introducing stream programming using TCP. In addition to the standard C# Socket class used for stream programming, common pitfalls are discussed to help you create stream programs that will work on real networks. Chapter 6, Connectionless Sockets, discusses how to use the Socket class to create UDP applications. In addition to showing you how to create UDP applications, this chapter also discusses pitfalls related to UDP programming and shows examples of creating applications that will withstand the problems inherent in real networks. Chapter 7, Using the C# Socket Helper Classes, discusses the C# TcpClient, TcpListener, and UdpClient classes. These are special classes in .NET to help programmers create network programs with minimal effort. This chapter also discusses the basics of sending different data types across the network. This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot [...]... next group of chapters presents the core of network programming topics in the book Each of these chapters discusses a major topic using in creating C# network programs Chapter 5, Connection-Oriented Sockets, starts the discussion of network programming by introducing stream programming using TCP In addition to the standard C# Socket class used for stream programming, common pitfalls are discussed to... create network programs with minimal effort This chapter also discusses the basics of sending different data types across the network Chapter 8, Asynchronous Socket Programming, discusses the technique of using asynchronous programming (prevalent in Windows programs) within the network programming world Chapter 9, Using Threads, presents information for using multi-threaded application techniques in network. .. to the C# language, along with some C# programming topics relevant to network programming All together, the concepts presented in this chapter will help you get ready for C# network programming This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot Basics of NET The NET group of programming languages differs from previous versions of Windows programming languages in the way programs... programs are shown within the C# network programming context Chapter 12, SNMP, describes how to write network management applications using C# SNMP allows you to communicate with many devices on the network to retrieve network statistics This chapter shows specific examples of reading a vendor MIB sheet and creating a C# application to extract the MIB data from the network device Chapter 13, SMTP,... of CHM2PDF Pilot Part I: Network Programming Basics Chapter List Chapter 1: The C# Language Chapter 2: IP Programming Basics Chapter 3: C# Network Programming Classes Chapter 4: DNS and C# This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot Chapter 1: The C# Language Overview In its short history, the Microsoft NET technology has quickly become a popular programming platform for... programs are shown within the C# network programming context Chapter 12, SNMP, describes how to write network management applications using C# SNMP allows you to communicate with many devices on the network to retrieve network statistics This chapter shows specific examples of reading a vendor MIB sheet and creating a C# application to extract the MIB data from the network device Chapter 13, SMTP,... created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot Chapter 8, Asynchronous Socket Programming, discusses the technique of using asynchronous programming (prevalent in Windows programs) within the network programming world Chapter 9, Using Threads, presents information for using multi-threaded application techniques in network programs This technology is often used in server applications that must service... broadcasting and multicasting to send packets to multiple clients, cutting down on network bandwidth This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot Part III: Application Layer Programming Examples The last part of the book describes specific network applications and how to implement them using the C# network classes Chapter 11, ICMP, shows how to use C# raw sockets to implement... across the network Examples are shown that demonstrate how to create both a remoting server and client Chapter 17, Security, closes out the book by describing how the NET Framework handles program security, and how you can implement security in your network applications using encryption techniques This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot Part II: Network Layer Programming. .. broadcasting and multicasting to send packets to multiple clients, cutting down on network bandwidth This document is created with the unregistered version of CHM2PDF Pilot Part III: Application Layer Programming Examples The last part of the book describes specific network applications and how to implement them using the C# network classes Chapter 11, ICMP, shows how to use C# raw sockets to implement

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